Brihadaranyaka Upanishad
13
अध्याय 13 / 47

Adhyāya 3 · Brāhmaṇa 1

10 श्लोक

पूर्ण अध्याय पाठ10 श्लोक

अध्याय 13

श्लोक 3.1.1

ॐ जनको ह वैदेहो बहुदक्षिणेन यज्ञेनेजे ।तत्र ह कुरुपञ्चालानां ब्राह्मणा अभिसमेता बभूवुस्तस्य ह जनकस्य वैदेहस्य विजिज्ञासा बभूव कः स्विदेषां ब्राह्मणानामनूचानतम इति ।स ह गवाँ सहस्रमवरुरोध दशदश पादा एकैकस्याः शृङ्गयोराबद्धा बभूवुः

oṃ janako ha vaideho bahudakṣiṇena yajñeneje | tatra ha kurupañcālānāṃ brāhmaṇā abhisametā babhūvustasya ha janakasya vaidehasya vijijñāsā babhūva kaḥ svideṣāṃ brāhmaṇānāmanūcānatama iti | sa ha gavām̐ sahasramavarurodha daśadaśa pādā ekaikasyāḥ śṛṅgayorābaddhā babhūvuḥ

English

Ganaka Vaideha (the king of the Videhas) sacrificed with a sacrifice at which many presents were offered to the priests of (the Asvamedha). Brâhmanas of the Kurus and the Pâñkâlas had come thither, and Ganaka Vaideha wished to know, which of those Brâhmanas was the best read. So he enclosed a thousand cows, and ten pâdas (of gold) were fastened to each pair of horns.

अध्याय 13

श्लोक 3.1.2

तान्होवाच ब्राह्मणा भगवन्तो यो वो ब्रह्मिष्ठः स एता गा उदजतामिति ।ते ह ब्राह्मणा न दधृषुरथ ह याज्ञवल्क्यः स्वमेव ब्रह्मचारिणमुवाचैताः सौम्योदज सामश्रवा३ इति ।ता होदाचकार ।ते ह ब्राह्मणाश्चुक्रुधुः कथं नु नो ब्रह्मिष्ठो ब्रुवीतेत्यथ ह जनकस्य वैदेहस्य होताऽश्वलो बभूव ।स हैनं पप्रच्छ त्वं नु खलु नो याज्ञवल्क्य ब्रह्मिष्ठोऽसी३ इति ।स होवाच नमो वयं ब्रह्मिष्ठाय कुर्मो गोकामा एव वयँ स्म इति ।तँ ह तत एव प्रष्टुं दध्रे होताऽश्वलः

tānhovāca brāhmaṇā bhagavanto yo vo brahmiṣṭhaḥ sa etā gā udajatāmiti | te ha brāhmaṇā na dadhṛṣuratha ha yājñavalkyaḥ svameva brahmacāriṇamuvācaitāḥ saumyodaja sāmaśravā3 iti | tā hodācakāra | te ha brāhmaṇāścukrudhuḥ kathaṃ nu no brahmiṣṭho bruvītetyatha ha janakasya vaidehasya hotā'śvalo babhūva | sa hainaṃ papraccha tvaṃ nu khalu no yājñavalkya brahmiṣṭho'sī3 iti | sa hovāca namo vayaṃ brahmiṣṭhāya kurmo gokāmā eva vayam̐ sma iti | tam̐ ha tata eva praṣṭuṃ dadhre hotā'śvalaḥ

English

And Ganaka spoke to them: 'Ye venerable Brâhmanas, he who among you is the wisest, let him drive away these cows.' Then those Brâhmanas durst not, but Yâgñavalkya said to his pupil: 'Drive them away, my dear.' He replied: 'O glory of the Sâman ' and drove them away. The Brâhmanas became angry and said: 'How could he call himself the wisest among us?' Now there was Asvala, the Hotri priest of Ganaka Vaideha. He asked him: 'Are you indeed the wisest among us, O Yâgñavalkya?' He replied: 'I bow before the wisest (the best knower of Brahman), but I wish indeed to have these cows.' Then Asvala, the Hotri priest, undertook to question him.

अध्याय 13

श्लोक 3.1.3

याज्ञवल्क्येति होवाच यदिदँ सर्वं मृत्युनाऽऽप्तँ, सर्वं मृत्युनाऽभिपन्नं केन यजमानो मृत्योराप्तिमतिमुच्यत इति ।होत्रर्त्विजाऽइना वाचा वाग्वै यज्ञस्य होता ।तद्येयं वाक् सोऽयमग्निः स होता सा मुक्तिः साऽतिमुक्तिः

yājñavalkyeti hovāca yadidam̐ sarvaṃ mṛtyunā''ptam̐, sarvaṃ mṛtyunā'bhipannaṃ kena yajamāno mṛtyorāptimatimucyata iti | hotrartvijā'inā vācā vāgvai yajñasya hotā | tadyeyaṃ vāk so'yamagniḥ sa hotā sā muktiḥ sā'timuktiḥ

English

'Yâgñavalkya, he said, 'everything here (connected with the sacrifice) is reached by death, everything is overcome by death. By what means then is the sacrificer freed beyond the reach of death?' Yâgñavalkya said: 'By the Hotri priest, who is Agni (fire), who is speech. For speech is the Hotri of the sacrifice (or the sacrificer), and speech is Agni, and he is the Hotri. This constitutes freedom, and perfect freedom (from death).'

अध्याय 13

श्लोक 3.1.4

याज्ञवल्क्येति होवाच यदिदँ सर्वमहोरात्राभ्यामाप्तँ, सर्वमहोरात्राभ्यामभिपन्नं केन यजमानोऽहोरात्रयोराप्तिमतिमुच्यत इत्यध्वर्युणर्त्विजा चक्षुषाऽऽदित्येन चक्षुर्वै यज्ञस्याध्वर्युस्तद्यदिदं चक्षुः सोऽसावादित्यः सोऽध्वर्युः सा मुक्तिः साऽतिमुक्तिः

yājñavalkyeti hovāca yadidam̐ sarvamahorātrābhyāmāptam̐, sarvamahorātrābhyāmabhipannaṃ kena yajamāno'horātrayorāptimatimucyata ityadhvaryuṇartvijā cakṣuṣā''dityena cakṣurvai yajñasyādhvaryustadyadidaṃ cakṣuḥ so'sāvādityaḥ so'dhvaryuḥ sā muktiḥ sā'timuktiḥ

English

'Yâgñavalkya,' he said, 'everything here is reached by day and night, everything is overcome by day and night. By what means then is the sacrificer freed beyond the reach of day and night?' Yâgñavalkya said: 'By the Adhvaryu priest, who is the eye, who is Âditya (the sun) . For the eye is the Adhvaryu of the sacrifice, and the eye is the sun, and he is the Adhvaryu. This constitutes freedom, and perfect freedom.'

अध्याय 13

श्लोक 3.1.5

याज्ञवल्क्येति होवाच यदिदँ सर्वं पूर्वपक्षापरपक्षाभ्यामाप्तँ, सर्वं पूर्वपक्षापरपक्षाभ्यामभिपन्नं केन यजमानः पूर्वपक्षापरपक्षयोराप्तिमतिमुच्यत इत्युद्गात्रर्त्विजा वायुना प्राणेन प्राणो वै यज्ञस्योद्गाता ।तद्योऽयं प्राणः स वायुः स उद्गाता सा मुक्तिः साऽतिमुक्तिः

yājñavalkyeti hovāca yadidam̐ sarvaṃ pūrvapakṣāparapakṣābhyāmāptam̐, sarvaṃ pūrvapakṣāparapakṣābhyāmabhipannaṃ kena yajamānaḥ pūrvapakṣāparapakṣayorāptimatimucyata ityudgātrartvijā vāyunā prāṇena prāṇo vai yajñasyodgātā | tadyo'yaṃ prāṇaḥ sa vāyuḥ sa udgātā sā muktiḥ sā'timuktiḥ

English

'Yâgñavalkya,' he said, 'everything here is reached by the waxing and waning of the moon, everything is overcome by the waxing and waning of the moon. By what means then is the sacrificer freed beyond the reach of the waxing and waning of the moon?' Yâgñavalkya said: 'By the Udgâtri priest, who is Vâyu (the wind), who is the breath. For the breath is the Udgâtri of the sacrifice, and the breath is the wind, and he is the Udgâtri. This constitutes freedom, and perfect freedom.'

अध्याय 13

श्लोक 3.1.6

याज्ञवल्क्येति होवाच यदिदमन्तरिक्षमनारम्बणमिव केनाऽऽक्रमेन यजमानः स्वर्गं लोकमाक्रमत इति ब्रह्मणर्त्विजा मनसा चन्द्रेण मनो वै यज्ञस्य ब्रह्मा ।तद्यदिदं मनः सोऽसौ चन्द्रः स ब्रह्मा सा मुक्तिः सातिमुक्तिरित्यतिमोक्षा अथ सम्पदः

yājñavalkyeti hovāca yadidamantarikṣamanārambaṇamiva kenā''kramena yajamānaḥ svargaṃ lokamākramata iti brahmaṇartvijā manasā candreṇa mano vai yajñasya brahmā | tadyadidaṃ manaḥ so'sau candraḥ sa brahmā sā muktiḥ sātimuktirityatimokṣā atha sampadaḥ

English

'Yâgñavalkya,' he said, 'this sky is, as it were, without an ascent (staircase.) By what approach does the sacrificer approach the Svarga world?' Yâgñavalkya said: 'By the Brahman priest, who is the mind (manas), who is the moon. For the mind is the Brahman of the sacrifice, and the mind is the moon, and he is the Brahman. This constitutes freedom, and perfect freedom. These are the complete deliverances (from death).' Next follow the achievements.

अध्याय 13

श्लोक 3.1.7

याज्ञवल्क्येति होवाच कतिभिरयमद्यर्ग्भिर्होतास्मिन्यज्ञे करिष्यतीति ।तिसृभिरिति ।कतमास्तास्तिस्र इति ।पुरोनुवाक्या च याज्या च शस्यैव तृतीया ।किं ताभिर्जयतीति ।यत् किञ्चेदं प्राणभृदिति

yājñavalkyeti hovāca katibhirayamadyargbhirhotāsminyajñe kariṣyatīti | tisṛbhiriti | katamāstāstisra iti | puronuvākyā ca yājyā ca śasyaiva tṛtīyā | kiṃ tābhirjayatīti | yat kiñcedaṃ prāṇabhṛditi

English

'Yâgñavalkya,' he said, 'how many Rik verses will the Hotri priest employ to-day at this sacrifice?' 'Three,' replied Yâgñavalkya. 'And what are these three?' 'Those which are called Puronuvâkyâ, Yâgyâ, and, thirdly, Sasyâ .' 'What does he gain by them?' 'All whatsoever has breath.'

अध्याय 13

श्लोक 3.1.8

याज्ञवल्क्येति होवाच कत्ययमद्याध्वर्युरस्मिन्यज्ञ आहुतीर्होष्यतीति ।तिस्र इति ।कतमास्तास्तिस्र इति ।या हुता उज्ज्वलन्ति या हुता अतिनेदन्ते या हुता अधिशेरते ।किं ताभिर्जयतीति ।या हुता उज्ज्वलन्ति देवलोकमेव ताभिर्जयति दीप्यत इव हि देवलोको ।या हुता अतिनेदन्ते पितृलोकमेव ताभिर्जयत्यतीव हि पितृलोको ।या हुता अधिशेरते मनुष्यलोकमेव ताभिर्जयत्यध इव हि मनुष्यलोकः

yājñavalkyeti hovāca katyayamadyādhvaryurasminyajña āhutīrhoṣyatīti | tisra iti | katamāstāstisra iti | yā hutā ujjvalanti yā hutā atinedante yā hutā adhiśerate | kiṃ tābhirjayatīti | yā hutā ujjvalanti devalokameva tābhirjayati dīpyata iva hi devaloko | yā hutā atinedante pitṛlokameva tābhirjayatyatīva hi pitṛloko | yā hutā adhiśerate manuṣyalokameva tābhirjayatyadha iva hi manuṣyalokaḥ

English

'Yâgñavalkya,' he said, 'how many oblations (âhuti) will the Adhvaryu priest employ to-day at this sacrifice?' 'Three,' replied Yâgñavalkya. 'And what are these three?' 'Those which, when offered, flame up; those which, when offered, make an excessive noise; and those which, when offered, sink down .' 'What does he gain by them?' 'By those which, when offered, flame up, he gains the Deva (god) world, for the Deva world flames up, as it were. By those which, when offered, make an excessive noise, he gains the Pitri (father) world, for the Pitri world is excessively (noisy) . By those which, when offered, sink down, he gains the Manushya (man) world, for the Manushya world is, as it were, down below.'

अध्याय 13

श्लोक 3.1.9

याज्ञवल्क्येति होवाच कतिभिरयमद्य ब्रह्मा यज्ञं दक्षिणतो देवताभिर्गोपायतीत्येकयेति ।कतमा सैकेति ।मन एवेत्यनन्तं वै मनो ंअन्ता विश्वे देवा अनन्तमेव स तेन लोकं जयति

yājñavalkyeti hovāca katibhirayamadya brahmā yajñaṃ dakṣiṇato devatābhirgopāyatītyekayeti | katamā saiketi | mana evetyanantaṃ vai mano ṃantā viśve devā anantameva sa tena lokaṃ jayati

English

'Yâgñavalkya,' he said, 'with how many deities does the Brahman priest on the right protect to-day this sacrifice?' 'By one,' replied Yâgñavalkya. 'And which is it?' 'The mind alone; for the mind is endless, and the Visvedevas are endless, and he thereby gains the endless world.'

अध्याय 13

श्लोक 3.1.10

याज्ञवल्क्येति होवाच कत्ययमद्योद्गाताऽस्मिन्यज्ञे स्तोत्रियाः स्तोष्यतीति ।तिस्र इति ।कतमास्तास्तिस्र इति ।पुरोनुवाक्या च याज्या च शस्यैव तृतीया कतमास्ता या अध्यात्ममिति ।प्राण एव पुरोनुवाक्याऽपानो याज्या व्यानः शस्या ।किं ताभिर्जयतीति ।पृथिवीलोकमेव पुरोनुवाक्यया जयत्यन्तरिक्षलोकं याज्यया द्युलोकँ शस्यया ततो ह होताऽश्वल उपरराम

yājñavalkyeti hovāca katyayamadyodgātā'sminyajñe stotriyāḥ stoṣyatīti | tisra iti | katamāstāstisra iti | puronuvākyā ca yājyā ca śasyaiva tṛtīyā katamāstā yā adhyātmamiti | prāṇa eva puronuvākyā'pāno yājyā vyānaḥ śasyā | kiṃ tābhirjayatīti | pṛthivīlokameva puronuvākyayā jayatyantarikṣalokaṃ yājyayā dyulokam̐ śasyayā tato ha hotā'śvala upararāma

English

'Yâgñavalkya,' he said, 'how many Stotriyâ hymns will the Udgâtri priest employ to-day at this sacrifice?' 'Three,' replied Yâgñavalkya. 'And what are these three?' 'Those which are called Puronuvâkyâ, Yâgyâ, and, thirdly, Sasyâ.' 'And what are these with regard to the body (adhyâtmam)?' 'The Puronuvâkyâ is Prâna (up-breathing), the Yâgyâ the Apâna (down-breathing), the Sasyâ the Vyâna (back-breathing).' 'What does he gain by them?' 'He gains the earth by the Puronuvâkyâ, the sky by the Yâgyâ, heaven by the Sasyâ.' After that Asvala held his peace.

स्रोत: https://sanskritdocuments.org/doc_upanishhat/bribasic.itx · प्राप्त 20/10/2026

पिछलाअध्याय 12Adhyāya 2 · Brāhmaṇa 6अगलाअध्याय 14Adhyāya 3 · Brāhmaṇa 2

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6 स्तरिय प्रमाण व्यवस्था
मूल पाठOriginal text

अपौरुषेय / प्रामाणिक शास्त्र (Primary Canonical Scripture)

मूल संस्कृत, प्राकृत अथवा अवधी श्लोक/मंत्र। यह सर्वोच्च प्रमाण (प्रस्थान) है। इस पाठ में किसी भी आधुनिक व्याख्याकार का हस्तक्षेप नहीं है।

शाब्दिक अनुवादLiteral translation

पदार्थ व अन्वय (Direct Grammatical & Word-for-Word Meaning)

व्याकरणसम्मत प्रत्यक्ष शब्दार्थ (अन्वय)। बिना किसी दार्शनिक संप्रदाय के पूर्वाग्रह के, संस्कृत शब्दों का सटीक भाषांतर।

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प्राचीन आचार्य परंपरा (यथा शंकराचार्य, रामानुजाचार्य, मध्वाचार्य, श्रीधर स्वामी) द्वारा विरचित शास्त्रीय भाष्य व टीकाएं।

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