Harivamsha Purana
18
अध्याय 18 / 318

Parva 1, Adhyāya 18

81 श्लोक

पूर्ण अध्याय पाठ81 श्लोक

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 1

पितृकल्प-मार्कण्डेय सनत्कुमार संवाद में पितरो के गण, लोक, शक्ति और कन्याओं का वर्णन तथा पितरो के प्रभाव को देखने के लिये मार्कण्डेयजी को दिव्य दृष्टि की प्राप्ति इत्युक्तोऽहं भगवता देवदेवेन भास्वता ।सनत्कुमारेण पुनः पृष्टवान् देवमव्ययम्

pitṛkalpa-mārkaṇḍeya sanatkumāra saṃvāda meṃ pitaro ke gaṇa, loka, śakti aura kanyāoṃ kā varṇana tathā pitaro ke prabhāva ko dekhane ke liye mārkaṇḍeyajī ko divya dṛṣṭi kī prāpti ityukto'haṃ bhagavatā devadevena bhāsvatā | sanatkumāreṇa punaḥ pṛṣṭavān devamavyayam

श्लोक 1–2 का हिन्दी अर्थ

मार्कण्डेयजी कहते हैं—गज़ानन्दन भीष्म ! तेजस्वी देवदेव भगवान्‌ सनत्कुमारके इस प्रकार कहनेपर मैंने काम-क्रोधादि शत्रुओंका दमन करनेवाले उन देवश्रेष्ठ अव्यय भगवान्‌ सनत्कुमारसे अपने जिन सारे संदेहोंको आरम्भसे पूछा था, उन्हें मुझसे सुनो

English

⁵² A reciter of the prayers &c. of the Sama Veda.

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 2

सन्देहममरश्रेष्ठं भगवन्तमरिन्दमम् ।निबोध तन्मे गाङ्गेय निखिलं सर्वमादितः

sandehamamaraśreṣṭhaṃ bhagavantamarindamam | nibodha tanme gāṅgeya nikhilaṃ sarvamāditaḥ

अर्थ श्लोक 1 के साथ

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 3

कियन्तो वै पितृगणाः कस्मिंल्लोके प्रतिष्ठिताः ।वर्तन्ते देवप्रवरा देवानां सोमवर्द्धनाः

kiyanto vai pitṛgaṇāḥ kasmiṃlloke pratiṣṭhitāḥ | vartante devapravarā devānāṃ somavarddhanāḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

( श्राद्धके द्वारा) चन्द्रमाको पुष्ट करनेवाले तथा देवताओंके भी श्रेष्ठ देवता पितरोंके कितने गण हैं और वे किस लोकमें प्रतिष्ठित रहते हैं?

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 4

सप्तैते यजतां श्रेष्ठ स्वर्गे पितृगणाः स्मृताः ।चत्वारो मूर्तिमन्तश्च त्रयस्तेषाममूर्तयः

saptaite yajatāṃ śreṣṭha svarge pitṛgaṇāḥ smṛtāḥ | catvāro mūrtimantaśca trayasteṣāmamūrtayaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

गोउध्याय; + ९१ सनत्कुमारजीने कहा—याजकोंमें श्रेष्ठ मार्कण्डेय ! स्वर्गमें रहनेवाले सात पितर माने गये हैं, उनमें चार तो मूर्तिमान्‌ हैं और तीन मूर्तिरहित*

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 5

तेषां लोकं विसर्गं च कीर्तयिष्यामि तच्छृणु ।प्रभावं च महत्त्वं च विस्तरेण तपोधन

teṣāṃ lokaṃ visargaṃ ca kīrtayiṣyāmi tacchṛṇu | prabhāvaṃ ca mahattvaṃ ca vistareṇa tapodhana

हिन्दी अर्थ

तपोधन! मैं उनके लोक, सृष्टि, प्रभाव और महत्त्वका विस्तारपूर्वक वर्णन करता हूँ, उसे सुनिये

English

Vaishampāyana said:—Having been imprecated with a curse by Brahmā and abiding by the time the most beautiful Urvashi came to a man, the son of Ilā (13). In order to free herself from the curse Urvashi made a contract with the king saying "O king, I shall not see you naked and you should associate with me whenever you will find me filled with desire (14). Two lambs should always be kept near my bed and you should always live on a small quantity of clarified butter during the day (15). O king, if you satisfy this contract and as long as you will remain true to it so long I shall live with you. This is our contract (16)." The king satisfied all her conditions. Thus under the influence of a curse, that damsel, out of reverence towards Pururavā, lived with him at the above-mentioned places for fifty-nine years. On account of Urvashi's living with a man all the Gandharvas were filled with anxiety (17). The Gandharvas said:—"O you great ones, concert some measure, by which that best of damsels Urvashi, the ornament of the celestial region, may come back to the gods" (19). Amongst them a Gandharva by name Viswāvasu, the foremost of speakers said:—"I heard them when they entered into the contract (20). As soon as the king will violate that contract Urvashi will forsake him. I know full well how that king will be divorced from Urvashi (21). I shall therefore depart with a companion for accomplishing your work." Having said this the highly illustrious (Gandharva) repaired to the city of Pratisthāna (22). Having reached there during the night he pilfered away a lamb. That damsel, of beautiful smiles, was like a mother to that pair of lambs (23). Hearing of the arrival of the Gandharva and understanding that the hour of the termination of the curse had come, that illustrious (damsel) said to the king, "Who has stolen away one of my sons" (24)? Although thus accosted by her he did not get up for he was naked, thinking "If the goddess beholds me without any raiment on then the terms of our contract will be cancelled" (25).

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 6

धर्ममूर्तिधरास्तेषां त्रयो ये परमा गणाः ।तेषां नामानि लोकांश्च कथयिष्यामि तच्छृणु

dharmamūrtidharāsteṣāṃ trayo ye paramā gaṇāḥ | teṣāṃ nāmāni lokāṃśca kathayiṣyāmi tacchṛṇu

हिन्दी अर्थ

(साथ ही) धर्ममय शरीर धारण करनेवाले पितरोंके जो तीन परम गण हैं, उनके नाम और लोकोंका भी मैं वर्णन करता हूँ, उसे भी सुनिये

English

Thereupon the Gandharvas again stole away the other lamb. When the second was carried away the damsel said to the son of Ilā (26). "O king, O lord, who is stealing away my sons as if I have none to look after me?" Thus addressed the king, although he had no cloth on, ran away in search of the lambs. In the meantime the Gandharvas created lightnings. When the king was going out of the place lighted up by lightnings she, all on a sudden, saw him naked. Beholding him thus without any cloth on that Apsarā, coursing at her will, went away (27–29). Beholding the pair of lambs left there the king took them and came to his house. (On his return), he did not see Urvashi and greatly stricken with grief began to bewail (30). He travelled over the entire earth in search of her. Then the highly powerful king saw her bathing at a tank called Haimavati at the sacred shrine of Plaksha in the province of Kurukshetra. That beautiful damsel was sporting with five other Apsarās (31–32). Beholding her thus sport the king, filled with mighty sorrow, began to bewail. Seeing the king at a distance Urvashi too said to her companions. "This is the foremost of men with whom I lived for some time." Saying this she pointed out the king to them (33–34). O king, the Apsaras then grew anxious lest she might go back. The king then addressed her in sweet words saying:—"O cruel lady, you may show yourself cruel in words but remain my wife at heart." Urvashi then said to the son of Ilā, "O lord, through you I have become _enciente_. Forsooth within a year all your sons will be born. O king live with me for one night more" (35–37). Hearing this the highly illustrious king was pleased and returned to his own city. After the expiration of a year Urvashi again came to him (38). The highly illustrious king lived with her for one night. Thereupon Urvashi said to the son of Ila:—"The Gandharvas will confer a boon on you (39). O king, beg of them a boon and tell them that you want equal beauty with the high-souled Gandharvas" (40). Then the king prayed for a boon from the Gandharvas and they too said "so be it." Thereupon filling a bag with fire the Gandharvas said to him (41):—"O king, having celebrated a Yajna with this fire you will attain to our region." Thereupon taking the princes with him the king left for his city (42). Having thrown away that fire into the forest the king, with his sons, went to his own city. He did not see there the _Treta_ fire⁵⁴ but only saw a fig tree (43). Beholding that fig tree of Sami species he was stricken with surprise. He then communicated to the Gandharvas the destruction of fire (44). Hearing the whole story they ordered for a piece of wood to enkindle it. Then taking a piece of wood from the fig tree, churning the fire duly and worshipping the gods with various _Yajnas_ there with, he attained the region of the Gandharvas (45–46). Having obtained the boon from the Gandharvas he placed _Treta_ fire. The fire was at first one. The son of Ilā divided it into three (47). So powerful was that foremost of men the royal son of Ilā. The greatly illustrious king Pururavā reigned in the city of Pratishthāna situate on the northern bank of the Ganges in the Province of Prayāga, so highly spoken of by the Rishis (48-49).

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 7

लोकाः सनातना नाम यत्र तिष्ठन्ति भास्वराः ।अमूर्तयः पितृगणास्ते वै पुत्राः प्रजापतेः

lokāḥ sanātanā nāma yatra tiṣṭhanti bhāsvarāḥ | amūrtayaḥ pitṛgaṇāste vai putrāḥ prajāpateḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

उन पितरोंके 'सनातन' नामवाले लोक हैं, जहाँ वे तेजस्वी, भौतिक शरीरसे रहित—दिव्य रूपवाले पितृगण, जो प्रजापतिके पुत्र हैं, निवास करते हैं

English

⁵⁴ The three sacred fires collectively or the southern, household and sacrificial fires.

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 8

विराजस्य द्विजश्रेष्ठ वैराजा इति विश्रुताः ।यजन्ति तान् देवगणा विधिदृष्टेन कर्मणा

virājasya dvijaśreṣṭha vairājā iti viśrutāḥ | yajanti tān devagaṇā vidhidṛṣṭena karmaṇā

हिन्दी अर्थ

द्विजश्रेष्ठ ! विराज प्रजापतिके पुत्र होनेके कारण वे वैराज नामसे प्रसिद्ध हैं। देवगण शास्त्रोक्त विधिसे इन वैराज पितरोंका पूजन करते हैं

English

Vaishampayana said:—Ilā's son had seven high-souled sons resembling the sons of the celestials born in the celestial region (1). They were Ayu, Dhimān, Amavasu, the high-souled Vishwāyu, Srutāyu, Dridayu, Valāyu, and Shatayu. They were all Urvashi's sons. Amāvasu's sons were Bhima and Nagnajit (2). Bhima's son was the king Kānchanaprabha. Kānchana's son was the highly powerful and learned Suhotra who begat on Keshini a son by name Janhu who celebrated the great sacrifice Sarvamedha (3–4). Gangā solicited him to become her husband but on account of his refusal she flooded the Yajna ground (5). O foremost of the Bharata race, beholding the ground thus flooded by Gangā Suhotra's son Janhu became enraged and said to her (6), "I shall exhaust your water by drinking it up and you will thus meet with punishment for your arrogance (7)." The royal saint having drunk up Gangā the great Rishis designated her as his daughter by name Jānhavi (8). Janhu espoused Yuvanāshwa's daughter Kāveri. On account of Yuvanāshwa's curse Gangā made, with one half of her person, that foremost of rivers, Janhu's wife the blameless Kāveri (9). Janhu begat on Kāveri a beloved and pious son by name Susaha whose son was Ajāka (10). Ajaka's son the king Valākāshwa was greatly fond of hunting. His son was Kusha (11). He had four sons effulgent like the gods. They were Kushika, Kushanābha, Kushashwa and Murtimān (12). The king Kushika grew up with _Pazhavas_⁵⁵ ranging in the forest. He carried on hard penances for obtaining a son like Indra. Out of fear, accordingly the king of gods was born as a son to him (13). After he had carried on penances for one thousand years Sakra saw that royal saint of hard austerities. Seeing him the thousand-eyed Purandara thought him capable of creating progeny and accordingly entered into his energy. When the king of celestials was thus begotten by Kushika as his son he became the king Gādhi who was born of Purukutsa's daughter who was the wife of Kushika (14–16). Gādhi's daughter was the noble and amiable Satyavati. He gave her away to Bhrigu's son Richika (17). Bhrigu's son was pleased with her and therefore made _Charu_ for his own and Gadhi's sons (18). Then calling his own wife Bhrigu's son Richika said to her "you and your mother should eat this _Charu_ (19). (Your mother) will give birth to an effulgent son the foremost of Kshatryas. No other Kshatriya in this world will be able to vanquish him and he will destroy all the leading heroes of the military caste (20). O auspicious damsel, this _Charu_ will make your son intelligent, a great ascetic of controlled senses and the foremost of the twice born (21)."

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 9

एते वै योगविभ्रष्टा लोकान् प्राप्य सनातनान् ।पुनर्युगसहस्रान्ते जायन्ते ब्रह्मवादिनः

ete vai yogavibhraṣṭā lokān prāpya sanātanān | punaryugasahasrānte jāyante brahmavādinaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

ये योगभ्रष्ट होनेके कारण सनातन ब्रह्मलोकमें पहुँचनेपर भी सहख्र युगोंके अन्तमें ब्रह्माजीके साथ मुक्त नहीं होते; अत: दूसरे कल्पमें (प्रजापतिसे ही) ब्रह्मवादी मुनिके रूपमें फिर प्रकट हो जाते हैं

English

Having said this to his wife Bhrigu's son Richika entered into woods for carrying on hard austerities without any interruption (22). At that time starting on pilgrimage with his family the king Gādhi arrived at Richika's hermitage for seeing his own daughter (23). Taking the two cups of _Charu_ from the Rishi, Satyavati with great care gave one to her mother (24). By a mere accident the mother unwittingly gave her own _Charu_ to her daughter and ate herself the one intended for the latter (25). Thereupon Satyavati conceived the dreadful offspring whereof was destined to slay all the Kshatryas. She then shone in great effulgence (26). Seeing her and knowing every thing by meditation the foremost of the twice-born Richika said to his beautiful wife (27), "By the change of Charu you have been imposed on by your mother. You will give birth to a highly terrible and ruthless son (28). Your brother will be born as a great ascetic conversant with all the Vedas. By virtue of my _Tapas_ I have handed over my entire knowledge of the Vedas to him (29)." Thus addressed by her husband the great Satyavati said to him "I do not wish to have such a wretch of a Brāhmana as my son from you" and began to propitiate him. Thus accosted the ascetic again said to her (30). "O you auspicious dame, I myself did not wish for such a son. On account of the father and mother the son becomes cruel." Satyavati again replied to him (31). "You can create the worlds if you like, what to speak of a son. You should therefore give me a simple-minded son capable of controlling his senses (32). O lord, O foremost of the twice-born, if you cannot undo this, may a grandson be born after my heart (33)."

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 10

ते तु प्राप्य स्मृतिं भूयः साङ्ख्यं योगमनुत्तमम् ।यान्ति योगगतिं सिद्धाः पुनरावृत्तिदुर्लभाम्

te tu prāpya smṛtiṃ bhūyaḥ sāṅkhyaṃ yogamanuttamam | yānti yogagatiṃ siddhāḥ punarāvṛttidurlabhām

हिन्दी अर्थ

वे फिर पूर्व-कल्पकी स्मृति होनेसे परम उत्तम सांख्ययोगका अनुष्ठान करके सिद्ध हो जाते हैं और पुनरावृत्ति (जन्म-मरण) -से रहित योगगतिको प्राप्त होते हैं

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 11

एते स्युः पितरस्तात योगिनां योगवर्द्धनाः ।आप्याययन्ति ये पूर्वं सोमं योगबलेन च

ete syuḥ pitarastāta yogināṃ yogavarddhanāḥ | āpyāyayanti ye pūrvaṃ somaṃ yogabalena ca

हिन्दी अर्थ

तात! जो पहले योगबलसे सोमको पुष्ठ करते हैं, वे ही ये पितर योगियोंके योगको बढ़ानेवाले हैं

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 12

तस्माच्छ्राद्धानि देयानि योगिनां तु विशेषतः ।एष वै प्रथमः सर्गः सोमपानां महात्मनाम्

tasmācchrāddhāni deyāni yogināṃ tu viśeṣataḥ | eṣa vai prathamaḥ sargaḥ somapānāṃ mahātmanām

हिन्दी अर्थ

इसलिये इन योगियोंके लिये विशेषरूपसे श्राद्ध करना चाहिये। यही सोमकी वृद्धि करनेवाले ' सोमपा' नामक पितरोंका प्रथम सर्ग है

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 13

एतेषां मानसी कन्या मेना नाम महागिरेः ।पत्नी हिमवतः श्रेष्ठा यस्या मैनाक उच्यते

eteṣāṃ mānasī kanyā menā nāma mahāgireḥ | patnī himavataḥ śreṣṭhā yasyā maināka ucyate

हिन्दी अर्थ

इन (वैराज पितरों)- _ की मानसी कन्याका नाम मेना है। वह महागिरि हिमाचलकी श्रेष्ठ पत्नी है। उसका पुत्र मैनाक कहा जाता है

English

⁵⁵ The name of one of the degraded Kshatrya races sentenced by Sagara to wear beards, perhaps a _Parthian_.

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 14

मैनाकस्य सुतः श्रीमान् क्रौञ्चो नाम महागिरिः ।पर्वतप्रवरः पुत्रो नानारत्नसमन्वितः

mainākasya sutaḥ śrīmān krauñco nāma mahāgiriḥ | parvatapravaraḥ putro nānāratnasamanvitaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

मैनाकका पुत्र महागिरि श्रीमान्‌ क्रौज् (पर्वत) है, जो पर्वतोंमें श्रेष्ठ और नाना प्रकारके रत्नोंसे भरा-पूरा है

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 15

तिस्रः कन्यास्तु मेनायां जनयामास शैलराट् ।अपर्णामेकपर्णां च तृतीयामेकपाटलाम्

tisraḥ kanyāstu menāyāṃ janayāmāsa śailarāṭ | aparṇāmekaparṇāṃ ca tṛtīyāmekapāṭalām

हिन्दी अर्थ

पर्वतराज हिमालयने मेनाके गर्भसे तीन कन्याएँ उत्पन्न कीं, जिनके नाम थे-अपर्णा, एकपर्णा तथा तीसरी एकपाटला

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 16

तपश्चरन्त्यः सुमहद् दुश्चरं देवदानवैः ।लोकान् सन्तापयामासुस्तास्तिस्रः स्थाणुजङ्गमान्

tapaścarantyaḥ sumahad duścaraṃ devadānavaiḥ | lokān santāpayāmāsustāstisraḥ sthāṇujaṅgamān

हिन्दी अर्थ

इन तीनों कन्याओंने ऐसी घोर तपस्याका आनुष्ठान प्रारम्भ किया, जो देवताओं और दानवोंके लिये भी दुष्कर थी, इससे उन तीनोंने स्थावर-जड़मसहित समस्त लोकोंको संतप्त कर दिया

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 17

आहारमेकपर्णेन एकपर्णा समाचरत् ।पाटलापुष्पमेकं च आदधावेकपाटला

āhāramekaparṇena ekaparṇā samācarat | pāṭalāpuṣpamekaṃ ca ādadhāvekapāṭalā

हिन्दी अर्थ

(उन दिनों) 'एकपर्णा एक ही पत्ता खाकर रह जाती थी और एकपाटला पाटला (ताम्रपुष्पी)>-के एक ही पुष्पको आहाररूपमें ग्रहण करती थी

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 19

एका तत्र निराहारा तां माता प्रत्यषेधयत् ।सा तथोक्ता तया मात्रा देवी दुश्चरचारिणी ।उमेत्येवाभवत् ख्याता त्रिषु लोकेषु सुन्दरी

ekā tatra nirāhārā tāṃ mātā pratyaṣedhayat | sā tathoktā tayā mātrā devī duścaracāriṇī | umetyevābhavat khyātā triṣu lokeṣu sundarī

हिन्दी अर्थ

वह दुश्चर तप करनेवाली सुन्दरी देवी इस प्रकार माताद्वारा कहे जानेपर इस 'उमा' नामसे ही तीनों लोकोंमें विख्यात हो गयी

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 20

तथैव नाम्ना तेनेह विश्रुता योगधर्मिणी ।एतत्तु त्रिकुमारीकं जगत्स्थास्यति भार्गव

tathaiva nāmnā teneha viśrutā yogadharmiṇī | etattu trikumārīkaṃ jagatsthāsyati bhārgava

हिन्दी अर्थ

उसी प्रकार वह योगधर्मका पालन करनेवाली उसी नामसे विख्यात हुई। भार्गव ! इन तीन कुमारियों (-की तप:शक्ति)- से युक्त होकर ही यह जगत्‌ स्थिर रहेगा

English

Vaishampāyana said:—O foremost of Bharatas, hear of the birth of Dhanwantari. When ambrosia was being churned out in the days of yore Dhanwantari arose from the ocean. Enveloped completely with personal grace he came out of the vessel of ambrosia. Meditating on Vishnu who grants success in business he stood up as soon as he saw Him (11–13). Vishnu said to him "As you have come out of water you will be known by the name of _Avja_." And so he passed by the name of Avja (14). Avja then replied:—"O lord I am your son. Confer upon me therefore, O lord of celestials, a share in the sacrificial offerings and a place in this world." Thus addressed and seeing him the Divine Lord spoke to him the truth (15). "The gods, who present themselves at _Yajnas_, have already made apportionments of sacrificial offerings amongst themselves. The great saints too have dedicated various articles of oblation to various gods. Know therefore, I shall not be able to give you any thing however trifling it may be, that is not mentioned in the Vedas. O my son, you have been born after the gods and so you will not be able to partake of sacrificial offerings (16–17). In your second birth you will gain renown in the world. While in the womb you will acquire _Animā Siddhi_⁵⁷ (18). With that body you will acquire the dignity of a god. The twice-born ones will worship you with _Charu_, _Mantra_, vows and _Japas_ (19). You will propagate Ayurveda with its eight divisions. This work, which is sure to come off, is known to you in your watery birth (20). When the second Yuga Dwāpara will set in you will undoubtedly take your birth again." Having conferred this boon on Dhanwantari Vishnu disappeared again (21). Thereupon when the second Dwāpara Yuga set in Sunohotra's son Dirghatapā, the king of Kashi, desirous of having a son, began carrying on hard austerities affording delight to his worshipful deity saying (22)—"I shall lay myself under the protection of that god who will confer on me a son." That king worshipped the deity Avja for a son (23). Thereupon that Divine lord, being pleased with the king, said to him "O you of good vows, I shall grant you any boon that you may choose to have" (24). The king said "O lord, if thou art pleased be born unto me as my illustrious son." Then saying "Let it be so" he disappeared therefrom (25). The deity Dhanwantari was then born in his house. He became the king of Kāshi who could destroy all diseases (26). Having acquired the kowledge of Ayurveda from Bharadwāja he divided the work of the physicians into eight classes and then conferred it upon his disciples (27). Dhanwantari's son was known by the name of Ketumān whose son was the heroic Bhimaratha (28). His son was the king Divodāsa. The pious-souled Divodāsa became the king of Bārānashi (29). O king, at this time the Rakshasa Kshemaka, an attendant of Rudra, made the city of Bārānashi divested of its inhabitants (30). The intelligent and high-souled Nikumbha uttered a curse against Bārānashi saying, "Thou shalt forsooth have none to live in thee for one thousand years" (31). As soon as this curse was pronounced against Bārānashi the king Divodāsa laid out his charming capital on the bank of Gomati (near Bārānashi) (32). Formerly Bārānashi belonged to Bhadrashenya, son of Mahishmān, of the Yadu race. Having slain the hundred sons of Bhadrasenya who were all most excellent bowmen Divodāsa acquired that city. Thus Bhadrasenya was deprived forcibly of his kingdom by the (king Divodāsa) (33–34).

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 21

तपःशरीरास्ताः सर्वास्तिस्रो योगबलान्विताः ।सर्वाश्च ब्रह्मवादिन्यः सर्वाश्चैवोर्ध्वरेतसः

tapaḥśarīrāstāḥ sarvāstisro yogabalānvitāḥ | sarvāśca brahmavādinyaḥ sarvāścaivordhvaretasaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

इन तीनोंका शरीर तपोमय है, ये सब योगबलसे सम्पन्न हैं तथा ये सभी ब्रह्मवादिनी और ऊर्ध्वरेता हैं

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 22

उमा तासां वरिष्ठा च ज्येष्ठा च वरवर्णिनी ।महायोगबलोपेता महादेवमुपस्थिता

umā tāsāṃ variṣṭhā ca jyeṣṭhā ca varavarṇinī | mahāyogabalopetā mahādevamupasthitā

हिन्दी अर्थ

उमा उन सबमें ज्येष्ठ, श्रेष्ठ, सुन्दरी तथा महान्‌ योगबलसे सम्पन्न थीं। उनका विवाह महादेवजीसे हुआ

English

Vaishampāyana said:—O foremost of Bharatas, hear of the birth of Dhanwantari. When ambrosia was being churned out in the days of yore Dhanwantari arose from the ocean. Enveloped completely with personal grace he came out of the vessel of ambrosia. Meditating on Vishnu who grants success in business he stood up as soon as he saw Him (11–13). Vishnu said to him "As you have come out of water you will be known by the name of _Avja_." And so he passed by the name of Avja (14). Avja then replied:—"O lord I am your son. Confer upon me therefore, O lord of celestials, a share in the sacrificial offerings and a place in this world." Thus addressed and seeing him the Divine Lord spoke to him the truth (15). "The gods, who present themselves at _Yajnas_, have already made apportionments of sacrificial offerings amongst themselves. The great saints too have dedicated various articles of oblation to various gods. Know therefore, I shall not be able to give you any thing however trifling it may be, that is not mentioned in the Vedas. O my son, you have been born after the gods and so you will not be able to partake of sacrificial offerings (16–17). In your second birth you will gain renown in the world. While in the womb you will acquire _Animā Siddhi_⁵⁷ (18). With that body you will acquire the dignity of a god. The twice-born ones will worship you with _Charu_, _Mantra_, vows and _Japas_ (19). You will propagate Ayurveda with its eight divisions. This work, which is sure to come off, is known to you in your watery birth (20). When the second Yuga Dwāpara will set in you will undoubtedly take your birth again." Having conferred this boon on Dhanwantari Vishnu disappeared again (21). Thereupon when the second Dwāpara Yuga set in Sunohotra's son Dirghatapā, the king of Kashi, desirous of having a son, began carrying on hard austerities affording delight to his worshipful deity saying (22)—"I shall lay myself under the protection of that god who will confer on me a son." That king worshipped the deity Avja for a son (23). Thereupon that Divine lord, being pleased with the king, said to him "O you of good vows, I shall grant you any boon that you may choose to have" (24). The king said "O lord, if thou art pleased be born unto me as my illustrious son." Then saying "Let it be so" he disappeared therefrom (25). The deity Dhanwantari was then born in his house. He became the king of Kāshi who could destroy all diseases (26). Having acquired the kowledge of Ayurveda from Bharadwāja he divided the work of the physicians into eight classes and then conferred it upon his disciples (27). Dhanwantari's son was known by the name of Ketumān whose son was the heroic Bhimaratha (28). His son was the king Divodāsa. The pious-souled Divodāsa became the king of Bārānashi (29). O king, at this time the Rakshasa Kshemaka, an attendant of Rudra, made the city of Bārānashi divested of its inhabitants (30). The intelligent and high-souled Nikumbha uttered a curse against Bārānashi saying, "Thou shalt forsooth have none to live in thee for one thousand years" (31). As soon as this curse was pronounced against Bārānashi the king Divodāsa laid out his charming capital on the bank of Gomati (near Bārānashi) (32). Formerly Bārānashi belonged to Bhadrashenya, son of Mahishmān, of the Yadu race. Having slain the hundred sons of Bhadrasenya who were all most excellent bowmen Divodāsa acquired that city. Thus Bhadrasenya was deprived forcibly of his kingdom by the (king Divodāsa) (33–34).

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 23

असितस्यैकपर्णा तु देवलस्य महात्मनः ।पत्नी दत्ता महाब्रह्मन् योगाचार्याय धीमते

asitasyaikaparṇā tu devalasya mahātmanaḥ | patnī dattā mahābrahman yogācāryāya dhīmate

हिन्दी अर्थ

महाब्रह्मन्‌ू ! एकपर्णा बुद्धिमान्‌ महात्मा योगाचार्य असित- देवलको पत्नीरूपमें दी गयी

English

Vaishampāyana said:—O foremost of Bharatas, hear of the birth of Dhanwantari. When ambrosia was being churned out in the days of yore Dhanwantari arose from the ocean. Enveloped completely with personal grace he came out of the vessel of ambrosia. Meditating on Vishnu who grants success in business he stood up as soon as he saw Him (11–13). Vishnu said to him "As you have come out of water you will be known by the name of _Avja_." And so he passed by the name of Avja (14). Avja then replied:—"O lord I am your son. Confer upon me therefore, O lord of celestials, a share in the sacrificial offerings and a place in this world." Thus addressed and seeing him the Divine Lord spoke to him the truth (15). "The gods, who present themselves at _Yajnas_, have already made apportionments of sacrificial offerings amongst themselves. The great saints too have dedicated various articles of oblation to various gods. Know therefore, I shall not be able to give you any thing however trifling it may be, that is not mentioned in the Vedas. O my son, you have been born after the gods and so you will not be able to partake of sacrificial offerings (16–17). In your second birth you will gain renown in the world. While in the womb you will acquire _Animā Siddhi_⁵⁷ (18). With that body you will acquire the dignity of a god. The twice-born ones will worship you with _Charu_, _Mantra_, vows and _Japas_ (19). You will propagate Ayurveda with its eight divisions. This work, which is sure to come off, is known to you in your watery birth (20). When the second Yuga Dwāpara will set in you will undoubtedly take your birth again." Having conferred this boon on Dhanwantari Vishnu disappeared again (21). Thereupon when the second Dwāpara Yuga set in Sunohotra's son Dirghatapā, the king of Kashi, desirous of having a son, began carrying on hard austerities affording delight to his worshipful deity saying (22)—"I shall lay myself under the protection of that god who will confer on me a son." That king worshipped the deity Avja for a son (23). Thereupon that Divine lord, being pleased with the king, said to him "O you of good vows, I shall grant you any boon that you may choose to have" (24). The king said "O lord, if thou art pleased be born unto me as my illustrious son." Then saying "Let it be so" he disappeared therefrom (25). The deity Dhanwantari was then born in his house. He became the king of Kāshi who could destroy all diseases (26). Having acquired the kowledge of Ayurveda from Bharadwāja he divided the work of the physicians into eight classes and then conferred it upon his disciples (27). Dhanwantari's son was known by the name of Ketumān whose son was the heroic Bhimaratha (28). His son was the king Divodāsa. The pious-souled Divodāsa became the king of Bārānashi (29). O king, at this time the Rakshasa Kshemaka, an attendant of Rudra, made the city of Bārānashi divested of its inhabitants (30). The intelligent and high-souled Nikumbha uttered a curse against Bārānashi saying, "Thou shalt forsooth have none to live in thee for one thousand years" (31). As soon as this curse was pronounced against Bārānashi the king Divodāsa laid out his charming capital on the bank of Gomati (near Bārānashi) (32). Formerly Bārānashi belonged to Bhadrashenya, son of Mahishmān, of the Yadu race. Having slain the hundred sons of Bhadrasenya who were all most excellent bowmen Divodāsa acquired that city. Thus Bhadrasenya was deprived forcibly of his kingdom by the (king Divodāsa) (33–34).

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 24

जैगीषव्याय तु तथा विद्धि तामेकपाटलाम् ।एते चापि महाभागे योगाचार्यावुपस्थिते

jaigīṣavyāya tu tathā viddhi tāmekapāṭalām | ete cāpi mahābhāge yogācāryāvupasthite

हिन्दी अर्थ

इसी प्रकार एकपाटला जैगीषव्यको ब्याही गयी थी, ये दोनों महाभाग्यवती कन्याएँ योगाचार्योंकी सेवामें उपस्थित हुई हैं

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 25

लोकाः सोमपदा नाम मरीचेर्यत्र वै सुताः ।पितरो यत्र वर्तन्ते देवास्तान् भावयन्त्युत

lokāḥ somapadā nāma marīceryatra vai sutāḥ | pitaro yatra vartante devāstān bhāvayantyuta

हिन्दी अर्थ

(अब दूसरे गण अआग्िष्वात्त पितरोंका वर्णन करते हैं—) पितरोंके लिये दूसरे सोमपद नामवाले लोक हैं, जहाँ मरीचि प्रजापतिके पुत्र ' पितर' होकर रहते हैं । वहाँ देवता इनकी पूजा करते हैं

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 26

अग्निष्वात्ता इति ख्याताः सर्व एवामितौजसः ।एतेषां मानसी कन्या अच्छोदा नाम निम्नगा

agniṣvāttā iti khyātāḥ sarva evāmitaujasaḥ | eteṣāṃ mānasī kanyā acchodā nāma nimnagā

हिन्दी अर्थ

ये सब अमिततेजस्वी पितर अग्रिष्वात्त नामसे प्रसिद्ध हैं। अच्छोदा नामकी नदी इनकी मानसी कन्या है

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 27

अच्छोदं नाम विख्यातं सरो यस्याः समुत्थितम् ।तया न दृष्टपूर्वास्ते पितरस्तु कदाचन

acchodaṃ nāma vikhyātaṃ saro yasyāḥ samutthitam | tayā na dṛṣṭapūrvāste pitarastu kadācana

हिन्दी अर्थ

उसीसे अच्छोद नामक प्रसिद्ध सरोवर प्रकट हुआ है। उस (नदीरूपी मानसी कन्या) -ने इन पितरोंको पहले कभी नहीं देखा था

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 28

अप्यमूर्तानथ पितॄन् सा ददर्श शुचिस्मिता ।सम्भूता मनसा तेषां पितॄन् स्वान् नाभिजानती

apyamūrtānatha pitṝn sā dadarśa śucismitā | sambhūtā manasā teṣāṃ pitṝn svān nābhijānatī

हिन्दी अर्थ

उस पवित्र मुसकानवालीने अमूर्त पितरोंको भी दिव्यदृष्टिसे देखा। पर उन्हें देखकर भी वह यह न जान सकी कि ये मेरे पिता हैं और मैं इनके मनसे उत्पन्न हुई हूँ

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 29

व्रीडिता तेन दुःखेन बभूव वरवर्णिनी ।सा दृष्ट्वा पितरं वव्रे वसुं नामान्तरिक्षगम्

vrīḍitā tena duḥkhena babhūva varavarṇinī | sā dṛṣṭvā pitaraṃ vavre vasuṃ nāmāntarikṣagam

श्लोक 29–30 का हिन्दी अर्थ

तब वह सुन्दरी अच्छोदा उस दुःखके कारण लज्नित हो गयी। फिर उसने वसुको, जो आयुके यशस्वी पुत्र, अमावसु नामसे विख्यात, अन्तरिक्षचारी और स्वर्गमें अद्रिका अप्सराके साथ विमानमें बैठे थे, देखा और उन्हींको अपना पिता मान लिया

English

Vaishampāyana said:—O foremost of Bharatas, hear of the birth of Dhanwantari. When ambrosia was being churned out in the days of yore Dhanwantari arose from the ocean. Enveloped completely with personal grace he came out of the vessel of ambrosia. Meditating on Vishnu who grants success in business he stood up as soon as he saw Him (11–13). Vishnu said to him "As you have come out of water you will be known by the name of _Avja_." And so he passed by the name of Avja (14). Avja then replied:—"O lord I am your son. Confer upon me therefore, O lord of celestials, a share in the sacrificial offerings and a place in this world." Thus addressed and seeing him the Divine Lord spoke to him the truth (15). "The gods, who present themselves at _Yajnas_, have already made apportionments of sacrificial offerings amongst themselves. The great saints too have dedicated various articles of oblation to various gods. Know therefore, I shall not be able to give you any thing however trifling it may be, that is not mentioned in the Vedas. O my son, you have been born after the gods and so you will not be able to partake of sacrificial offerings (16–17). In your second birth you will gain renown in the world. While in the womb you will acquire _Animā Siddhi_⁵⁷ (18). With that body you will acquire the dignity of a god. The twice-born ones will worship you with _Charu_, _Mantra_, vows and _Japas_ (19). You will propagate Ayurveda with its eight divisions. This work, which is sure to come off, is known to you in your watery birth (20). When the second Yuga Dwāpara will set in you will undoubtedly take your birth again." Having conferred this boon on Dhanwantari Vishnu disappeared again (21). Thereupon when the second Dwāpara Yuga set in Sunohotra's son Dirghatapā, the king of Kashi, desirous of having a son, began carrying on hard austerities affording delight to his worshipful deity saying (22)—"I shall lay myself under the protection of that god who will confer on me a son." That king worshipped the deity Avja for a son (23). Thereupon that Divine lord, being pleased with the king, said to him "O you of good vows, I shall grant you any boon that you may choose to have" (24). The king said "O lord, if thou art pleased be born unto me as my illustrious son." Then saying "Let it be so" he disappeared therefrom (25). The deity Dhanwantari was then born in his house. He became the king of Kāshi who could destroy all diseases (26). Having acquired the kowledge of Ayurveda from Bharadwāja he divided the work of the physicians into eight classes and then conferred it upon his disciples (27). Dhanwantari's son was known by the name of Ketumān whose son was the heroic Bhimaratha (28). His son was the king Divodāsa. The pious-souled Divodāsa became the king of Bārānashi (29). O king, at this time the Rakshasa Kshemaka, an attendant of Rudra, made the city of Bārānashi divested of its inhabitants (30). The intelligent and high-souled Nikumbha uttered a curse against Bārānashi saying, "Thou shalt forsooth have none to live in thee for one thousand years" (31). As soon as this curse was pronounced against Bārānashi the king Divodāsa laid out his charming capital on the bank of Gomati (near Bārānashi) (32). Formerly Bārānashi belonged to Bhadrashenya, son of Mahishmān, of the Yadu race. Having slain the hundred sons of Bhadrasenya who were all most excellent bowmen Divodāsa acquired that city. Thus Bhadrasenya was deprived forcibly of his kingdom by the (king Divodāsa) (33–34).

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 30

अमावसुरिति ख्यातमायोः पुत्रं यशस्विनम् ।अद्रिकाप्सरसायुक्तं विमानेऽधिष्ठितं दिवि

amāvasuriti khyātamāyoḥ putraṃ yaśasvinam | adrikāpsarasāyuktaṃ vimāne'dhiṣṭhitaṃ divi

अर्थ श्लोक 29 के साथ

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 31

सा तेन व्यभिचारेण मनसः कामरूपिणी ।पितरं प्रार्थयित्वान्यं योगभ्रष्टा पपात ह

sā tena vyabhicāreṇa manasaḥ kāmarūpiṇī | pitaraṃ prārthayitvānyaṃ yogabhraṣṭā papāta ha

हिन्दी अर्थ

वह इच्छानुसार रूप धारण करनेवाली स्त्री दूसरेको पिता बनाकर मानसिक व्यभिचारके कारण योगभ्रष्ट होकर गिरने लगी

English

Vaishampāyana said:—O foremost of Bharatas, hear of the birth of Dhanwantari. When ambrosia was being churned out in the days of yore Dhanwantari arose from the ocean. Enveloped completely with personal grace he came out of the vessel of ambrosia. Meditating on Vishnu who grants success in business he stood up as soon as he saw Him (11–13). Vishnu said to him "As you have come out of water you will be known by the name of _Avja_." And so he passed by the name of Avja (14). Avja then replied:—"O lord I am your son. Confer upon me therefore, O lord of celestials, a share in the sacrificial offerings and a place in this world." Thus addressed and seeing him the Divine Lord spoke to him the truth (15). "The gods, who present themselves at _Yajnas_, have already made apportionments of sacrificial offerings amongst themselves. The great saints too have dedicated various articles of oblation to various gods. Know therefore, I shall not be able to give you any thing however trifling it may be, that is not mentioned in the Vedas. O my son, you have been born after the gods and so you will not be able to partake of sacrificial offerings (16–17). In your second birth you will gain renown in the world. While in the womb you will acquire _Animā Siddhi_⁵⁷ (18). With that body you will acquire the dignity of a god. The twice-born ones will worship you with _Charu_, _Mantra_, vows and _Japas_ (19). You will propagate Ayurveda with its eight divisions. This work, which is sure to come off, is known to you in your watery birth (20). When the second Yuga Dwāpara will set in you will undoubtedly take your birth again." Having conferred this boon on Dhanwantari Vishnu disappeared again (21). Thereupon when the second Dwāpara Yuga set in Sunohotra's son Dirghatapā, the king of Kashi, desirous of having a son, began carrying on hard austerities affording delight to his worshipful deity saying (22)—"I shall lay myself under the protection of that god who will confer on me a son." That king worshipped the deity Avja for a son (23). Thereupon that Divine lord, being pleased with the king, said to him "O you of good vows, I shall grant you any boon that you may choose to have" (24). The king said "O lord, if thou art pleased be born unto me as my illustrious son." Then saying "Let it be so" he disappeared therefrom (25). The deity Dhanwantari was then born in his house. He became the king of Kāshi who could destroy all diseases (26). Having acquired the kowledge of Ayurveda from Bharadwāja he divided the work of the physicians into eight classes and then conferred it upon his disciples (27). Dhanwantari's son was known by the name of Ketumān whose son was the heroic Bhimaratha (28). His son was the king Divodāsa. The pious-souled Divodāsa became the king of Bārānashi (29). O king, at this time the Rakshasa Kshemaka, an attendant of Rudra, made the city of Bārānashi divested of its inhabitants (30). The intelligent and high-souled Nikumbha uttered a curse against Bārānashi saying, "Thou shalt forsooth have none to live in thee for one thousand years" (31). As soon as this curse was pronounced against Bārānashi the king Divodāsa laid out his charming capital on the bank of Gomati (near Bārānashi) (32). Formerly Bārānashi belonged to Bhadrashenya, son of Mahishmān, of the Yadu race. Having slain the hundred sons of Bhadrasenya who were all most excellent bowmen Divodāsa acquired that city. Thus Bhadrasenya was deprived forcibly of his kingdom by the (king Divodāsa) (33–34).

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 32

त्रीण्यपश्यद् विमानानि पतमाना दिवश्च्युता ।त्रसरेणुप्रमाणानि सापश्यत्तेषु तान् पितॄन्

trīṇyapaśyad vimānāni patamānā divaścyutā | trasareṇupramāṇāni sāpaśyatteṣu tān pitṝn

श्लोक 32–33 का हिन्दी अर्थ

स्वर्गसे भ्रष्ट होकर नीचेको गिरती हुई अच्छोदाने त्रसरेणुके आकारके तीन विमानोंको देखा । तदनन्तर उसने उनमें (बैठे हुए) उन पितरोंको देखा, जो अत्यन्त सूक्ष्म, स्पष्ट न दीख पड़नेवाले और अग्ियोंमें स्थापित अग्रिके समान उद्दीस हो रहे थे। नीचे सिर करके गिरती हुई अच्छोदाने उनसे आर्त स्वरमें कहा-' मेरी रक्षा कीजिये '

English

Vaishampāyana said:—O foremost of Bharatas, hear of the birth of Dhanwantari. When ambrosia was being churned out in the days of yore Dhanwantari arose from the ocean. Enveloped completely with personal grace he came out of the vessel of ambrosia. Meditating on Vishnu who grants success in business he stood up as soon as he saw Him (11–13). Vishnu said to him "As you have come out of water you will be known by the name of _Avja_." And so he passed by the name of Avja (14). Avja then replied:—"O lord I am your son. Confer upon me therefore, O lord of celestials, a share in the sacrificial offerings and a place in this world." Thus addressed and seeing him the Divine Lord spoke to him the truth (15). "The gods, who present themselves at _Yajnas_, have already made apportionments of sacrificial offerings amongst themselves. The great saints too have dedicated various articles of oblation to various gods. Know therefore, I shall not be able to give you any thing however trifling it may be, that is not mentioned in the Vedas. O my son, you have been born after the gods and so you will not be able to partake of sacrificial offerings (16–17). In your second birth you will gain renown in the world. While in the womb you will acquire _Animā Siddhi_⁵⁷ (18). With that body you will acquire the dignity of a god. The twice-born ones will worship you with _Charu_, _Mantra_, vows and _Japas_ (19). You will propagate Ayurveda with its eight divisions. This work, which is sure to come off, is known to you in your watery birth (20). When the second Yuga Dwāpara will set in you will undoubtedly take your birth again." Having conferred this boon on Dhanwantari Vishnu disappeared again (21). Thereupon when the second Dwāpara Yuga set in Sunohotra's son Dirghatapā, the king of Kashi, desirous of having a son, began carrying on hard austerities affording delight to his worshipful deity saying (22)—"I shall lay myself under the protection of that god who will confer on me a son." That king worshipped the deity Avja for a son (23). Thereupon that Divine lord, being pleased with the king, said to him "O you of good vows, I shall grant you any boon that you may choose to have" (24). The king said "O lord, if thou art pleased be born unto me as my illustrious son." Then saying "Let it be so" he disappeared therefrom (25). The deity Dhanwantari was then born in his house. He became the king of Kāshi who could destroy all diseases (26). Having acquired the kowledge of Ayurveda from Bharadwāja he divided the work of the physicians into eight classes and then conferred it upon his disciples (27). Dhanwantari's son was known by the name of Ketumān whose son was the heroic Bhimaratha (28). His son was the king Divodāsa. The pious-souled Divodāsa became the king of Bārānashi (29). O king, at this time the Rakshasa Kshemaka, an attendant of Rudra, made the city of Bārānashi divested of its inhabitants (30). The intelligent and high-souled Nikumbha uttered a curse against Bārānashi saying, "Thou shalt forsooth have none to live in thee for one thousand years" (31). As soon as this curse was pronounced against Bārānashi the king Divodāsa laid out his charming capital on the bank of Gomati (near Bārānashi) (32). Formerly Bārānashi belonged to Bhadrashenya, son of Mahishmān, of the Yadu race. Having slain the hundred sons of Bhadrasenya who were all most excellent bowmen Divodāsa acquired that city. Thus Bhadrasenya was deprived forcibly of his kingdom by the (king Divodāsa) (33–34).

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 33

सुसूक्ष्मानपरिव्यक्तानग्नीनग्नीष्विवाहितान् ।त्रायध्वमित्युवाचार्ता पतन्ती तानवाक्शिराः

susūkṣmānaparivyaktānagnīnagnīṣvivāhitān | trāyadhvamityuvācārtā patantī tānavākśirāḥ

अर्थ श्लोक 32 के साथ

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 34

तैरुक्ता सा तु मा भैषीरिति व्योम्नि व्यवस्थिता ।ततः प्रसादयामास तान् पितॄन् दीनया गिरा

tairuktā sā tu mā bhaiṣīriti vyomni vyavasthitā | tataḥ prasādayāmāsa tān pitṝn dīnayā girā

हिन्दी अर्थ

उन पितरोंने कहा—' डरो मत' उनके ऐसा कहते ही अच्छोदा आकाशमें रुक गयी और फिर दीन वाणीसे उन पितरोंको प्रसन्न करने लगी

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 35

ऊचुस्ते पितरः कन्यां भ्रष्टैश्वर्यो व्यतिक्रमात् ।भ्रष्टश्वर्या स्वदोषेण पतसि त्वं शुचिस्मिते

ūcuste pitaraḥ kanyāṃ bhraṣṭaiśvaryo vyatikramāt | bhraṣṭaśvaryā svadoṣeṇa patasi tvaṃ śucismite

हिन्दी अर्थ

व्यतिक्रमके कारण पुत्रीको ऐश्वर्यसे भ्रष्ट हुई देख वे पितर कहने लगे—' शुचिस्मिते ! तू अपने ही दोषसे ऐश्चर्यसे भ्रष्ट होकर गिर रही है'

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 36

यैः क्रियन्ते हि कर्माणि शरीरैर्दिवि दैवतैः ।तैरेव तत्कर्मफलं प्राप्नुवन्तीह देवताः

yaiḥ kriyante hi karmāṇi śarīrairdivi daivataiḥ | taireva tatkarmaphalaṃ prāpnuvantīha devatāḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्वर्गस्थ देवता जिन शरीरोंके द्वारा जैसा कर्म करते हैं, उन कर्मोिका फल वे उन शरीरोंको ही धारण करके भोगते हैं

English

Vaishampāyana said:—O foremost of Bharatas, hear of the birth of Dhanwantari. When ambrosia was being churned out in the days of yore Dhanwantari arose from the ocean. Enveloped completely with personal grace he came out of the vessel of ambrosia. Meditating on Vishnu who grants success in business he stood up as soon as he saw Him (11–13). Vishnu said to him "As you have come out of water you will be known by the name of _Avja_." And so he passed by the name of Avja (14). Avja then replied:—"O lord I am your son. Confer upon me therefore, O lord of celestials, a share in the sacrificial offerings and a place in this world." Thus addressed and seeing him the Divine Lord spoke to him the truth (15). "The gods, who present themselves at _Yajnas_, have already made apportionments of sacrificial offerings amongst themselves. The great saints too have dedicated various articles of oblation to various gods. Know therefore, I shall not be able to give you any thing however trifling it may be, that is not mentioned in the Vedas. O my son, you have been born after the gods and so you will not be able to partake of sacrificial offerings (16–17). In your second birth you will gain renown in the world. While in the womb you will acquire _Animā Siddhi_⁵⁷ (18). With that body you will acquire the dignity of a god. The twice-born ones will worship you with _Charu_, _Mantra_, vows and _Japas_ (19). You will propagate Ayurveda with its eight divisions. This work, which is sure to come off, is known to you in your watery birth (20). When the second Yuga Dwāpara will set in you will undoubtedly take your birth again." Having conferred this boon on Dhanwantari Vishnu disappeared again (21). Thereupon when the second Dwāpara Yuga set in Sunohotra's son Dirghatapā, the king of Kashi, desirous of having a son, began carrying on hard austerities affording delight to his worshipful deity saying (22)—"I shall lay myself under the protection of that god who will confer on me a son." That king worshipped the deity Avja for a son (23). Thereupon that Divine lord, being pleased with the king, said to him "O you of good vows, I shall grant you any boon that you may choose to have" (24). The king said "O lord, if thou art pleased be born unto me as my illustrious son." Then saying "Let it be so" he disappeared therefrom (25). The deity Dhanwantari was then born in his house. He became the king of Kāshi who could destroy all diseases (26). Having acquired the kowledge of Ayurveda from Bharadwāja he divided the work of the physicians into eight classes and then conferred it upon his disciples (27). Dhanwantari's son was known by the name of Ketumān whose son was the heroic Bhimaratha (28). His son was the king Divodāsa. The pious-souled Divodāsa became the king of Bārānashi (29). O king, at this time the Rakshasa Kshemaka, an attendant of Rudra, made the city of Bārānashi divested of its inhabitants (30). The intelligent and high-souled Nikumbha uttered a curse against Bārānashi saying, "Thou shalt forsooth have none to live in thee for one thousand years" (31). As soon as this curse was pronounced against Bārānashi the king Divodāsa laid out his charming capital on the bank of Gomati (near Bārānashi) (32). Formerly Bārānashi belonged to Bhadrashenya, son of Mahishmān, of the Yadu race. Having slain the hundred sons of Bhadrasenya who were all most excellent bowmen Divodāsa acquired that city. Thus Bhadrasenya was deprived forcibly of his kingdom by the (king Divodāsa) (33–34).

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 37

सद्यः फलन्ति कर्माणि देवत्वे प्रेत्य मानुषे ।तस्मात्त्वं तपसः पुत्रि प्रेत्येदं प्राप्स्यसे फलम्

sadyaḥ phalanti karmāṇi devatve pretya mānuṣe | tasmāttvaṃ tapasaḥ putri pretyedaṃ prāpsyase phalam

हिन्दी अर्थ

देवयोनिमें दैवयोगवश बने हुए कर्म तत्काल ही फल देते हैं और मनुष्ययोनिमें किये हुए कर्मोंका फल मरनेके बाद मिला करता है, अत: पुत्रि! तू मरनेके बाद तपस्याका फल प्राप्त करेगी

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 38

इत्युक्ता पितृभिः सा तु पितॄन्प्रासादयत्स्वकान् ।ध्यात्वा प्रसादं ते चक्रुस्तस्याः सर्वेऽनुकम्पया

ityuktā pitṛbhiḥ sā tu pitṝnprāsādayatsvakān | dhyātvā prasādaṃ te cakrustasyāḥ sarve'nukampayā

हिन्दी अर्थ

पितरोंके इस प्रकार कहनेपर उसने अपने पितरोंको प्रसन्न किया। तब उन लोगोंने दयापूर्वक उसके कल्याणके विषयमें विचार किया

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 39

अवश्यं भाविनं ज्ञात्वा तेऽर्थमूचुस्ततस्तु ताम् ।अस्य राज्ञो वसोः कन्या त्वमपत्यं भविष्यसि

avaśyaṃ bhāvinaṃ jñātvā te'rthamūcustatastu tām | asya rājño vasoḥ kanyā tvamapatyaṃ bhaviṣyasi

श्लोक 39–40 का हिन्दी अर्थ

वे अवश्य होनेवाली घटनाको जानकर उससे कहने लगे-'जब यह महात्मा वसु मृत्युलोकमें मनुष्ययोनिमें उत्पन्न होगा, तब तू इस राजाकी कन्या होगी। इस प्रकार इसकी कन्या बनकर तू फिर अपने दुर्लभ लोकोंको प्राप्त करेगी

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 40

उत्पन्नस्य पृथिव्यां तु मानुषेषु महात्मनः ।कन्या च भूत्वा लोकान्स्वान्पुनः प्राप्स्यसि दुर्लभान्

utpannasya pṛthivyāṃ tu mānuṣeṣu mahātmanaḥ | kanyā ca bhūtvā lokānsvānpunaḥ prāpsyasi durlabhān

अर्थ श्लोक 39 के साथ

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 41

पराशरस्य दायादं त्वं पुत्रं जनयिष्यसि ।स वेदमेकं ब्रह्मर्षिश्चतुर्धा विभजिष्यति

parāśarasya dāyādaṃ tvaṃ putraṃ janayiṣyasi | sa vedamekaṃ brahmarṣiścaturdhā vibhajiṣyati

श्लोक 41–42 का हिन्दी अर्थ

तू पराशर ऋषिका वंशधर पुत्र उत्पन्न करेगी। वह ब्रह्मर्षि एक वेदको चार भागोंमें विभक्त करेगा। फिर तू (जो) महाभिष * शन्तनु नामवाले राजाकी कीर्तिको बढ़ानेवाले दो पुत्रोंको उत्पन्न करेगी, उनमेंसे एक धर्मज्ञ पुत्रका नाम विचित्रवीर्य होगा और दूसरे कल्याणमय पुत्रका नाम चित्राज्व॒द

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 42

महाभिषस्य पुत्रौ द्वौ शन्तनोः कीर्तिवर्द्धनौ ।विचित्रवीर्यं धर्मज्ञं तथा चित्राङ्गदं शुभम्

mahābhiṣasya putrau dvau śantanoḥ kīrtivarddhanau | vicitravīryaṃ dharmajñaṃ tathā citrāṅgadaṃ śubham

अर्थ श्लोक 41 के साथ

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 43

एतानुत्पाद्य पुत्रांस्त्वं पुनर्लोकानवाप्स्यसि ।व्यतिक्रमात्पितॄणां च जन्म प्राप्स्यसि कुत्सितम्

etānutpādya putrāṃstvaṃ punarlokānavāpsyasi | vyatikramātpitṝṇāṃ ca janma prāpsyasi kutsitam

हिन्दी अर्थ

इन पुत्रोंको उत्पन्न करके तू अपने लोकों में फिर आ जायगी । पितरोंका व्यतिक्रम करनेके कारण तुझे कुत्सित जन्म मिलेगा

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 44

अस्यैव राज्ञः कन्या त्वमद्रिकाया भविष्यसि ।अष्टाविंशे भवित्री त्वं द्वापरे मत्स्ययोनिजा

asyaiva rājñaḥ kanyā tvamadrikāyā bhaviṣyasi | aṣṭāviṃśe bhavitrī tvaṃ dvāpare matsyayonijā

हिन्दी अर्थ

तू इसी राजाके द्वारा अद्रिकाके गर्भसे कन्यारूपमें उत्पन्न होगी और अदट्वाईसवें द्वापरमें मछलीकी संतानके रूपमें प्रकट होगी

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 45

एवमुक्ता तु दाशेयी जाता सत्यवती तदा ।मत्स्ययोनौ समुत्पन्ना राज्ञस्तस्य वसोः सुता

evamuktā tu dāśeyī jātā satyavatī tadā | matsyayonau samutpannā rājñastasya vasoḥ sutā

हिन्दी अर्थ

पितरोंके इस प्रकार कहनेपर वह राजा वसुकी पुत्री (बनकर) मत्स्ययोनिमें उत्पन्न हुई। वही दाशेयी (दाशराजकी पुत्री) तथा सत्यवती कहलाती है

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 46

वैभ्राजा नाम ते लोका दिवि सन्ति सुदर्शनाः ।यत्र बर्हिषदो नाम पितरो दिवि विश्रुताः

vaibhrājā nāma te lokā divi santi sudarśanāḥ | yatra barhiṣado nāma pitaro divi viśrutāḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

(अब पितरोंके तीसरे गण बर्हिषदोंका वर्णन करते हैं—) स्वर्गमें वैश्राज* नामके दर्शनीय लोक हैं । जहाँ बर्हिषद्‌ नामवाले द्युलोक-विख्यात पितृगण निवास करते हैं

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 47

तान् वै देवगणाः सर्वे यक्षगन्धर्वराक्षसाः ।नागाः सर्पाः सुपर्णाश्च भावयन्त्यमितौजसः

tān vai devagaṇāḥ sarve yakṣagandharvarākṣasāḥ | nāgāḥ sarpāḥ suparṇāśca bhāvayantyamitaujasaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

समस्त देवगण, यक्ष, गन्धर्व, राक्षस, नाग, सर्प तथा अमिततेजस्वी गरुड आदि उन (बर्हिषद्‌ नामवाले पितरों)-की उपासना करते हैं

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 48

एते पुत्रा महात्मानः पुलस्त्यस्य प्रजापतेः ।महात्मनो महाभागास्तेजोयुक्तास्तपस्विनः

ete putrā mahātmānaḥ pulastyasya prajāpateḥ | mahātmano mahābhāgāstejoyuktāstapasvinaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

ये बर्हिषदू नामक पितर महाभाग्यवानू, तेजस्वी, तपस्वी और महात्मा हैं तथा महान्‌ आत्मबलसे युक्त प्रजापति पुलस्त्यके पुत्र हैं

English

Vaishampāyana said:—O foremost of Bharatas, hear of the birth of Dhanwantari. When ambrosia was being churned out in the days of yore Dhanwantari arose from the ocean. Enveloped completely with personal grace he came out of the vessel of ambrosia. Meditating on Vishnu who grants success in business he stood up as soon as he saw Him (11–13). Vishnu said to him "As you have come out of water you will be known by the name of _Avja_." And so he passed by the name of Avja (14). Avja then replied:—"O lord I am your son. Confer upon me therefore, O lord of celestials, a share in the sacrificial offerings and a place in this world." Thus addressed and seeing him the Divine Lord spoke to him the truth (15). "The gods, who present themselves at _Yajnas_, have already made apportionments of sacrificial offerings amongst themselves. The great saints too have dedicated various articles of oblation to various gods. Know therefore, I shall not be able to give you any thing however trifling it may be, that is not mentioned in the Vedas. O my son, you have been born after the gods and so you will not be able to partake of sacrificial offerings (16–17). In your second birth you will gain renown in the world. While in the womb you will acquire _Animā Siddhi_⁵⁷ (18). With that body you will acquire the dignity of a god. The twice-born ones will worship you with _Charu_, _Mantra_, vows and _Japas_ (19). You will propagate Ayurveda with its eight divisions. This work, which is sure to come off, is known to you in your watery birth (20). When the second Yuga Dwāpara will set in you will undoubtedly take your birth again." Having conferred this boon on Dhanwantari Vishnu disappeared again (21). Thereupon when the second Dwāpara Yuga set in Sunohotra's son Dirghatapā, the king of Kashi, desirous of having a son, began carrying on hard austerities affording delight to his worshipful deity saying (22)—"I shall lay myself under the protection of that god who will confer on me a son." That king worshipped the deity Avja for a son (23). Thereupon that Divine lord, being pleased with the king, said to him "O you of good vows, I shall grant you any boon that you may choose to have" (24). The king said "O lord, if thou art pleased be born unto me as my illustrious son." Then saying "Let it be so" he disappeared therefrom (25). The deity Dhanwantari was then born in his house. He became the king of Kāshi who could destroy all diseases (26). Having acquired the kowledge of Ayurveda from Bharadwāja he divided the work of the physicians into eight classes and then conferred it upon his disciples (27). Dhanwantari's son was known by the name of Ketumān whose son was the heroic Bhimaratha (28). His son was the king Divodāsa. The pious-souled Divodāsa became the king of Bārānashi (29). O king, at this time the Rakshasa Kshemaka, an attendant of Rudra, made the city of Bārānashi divested of its inhabitants (30). The intelligent and high-souled Nikumbha uttered a curse against Bārānashi saying, "Thou shalt forsooth have none to live in thee for one thousand years" (31). As soon as this curse was pronounced against Bārānashi the king Divodāsa laid out his charming capital on the bank of Gomati (near Bārānashi) (32). Formerly Bārānashi belonged to Bhadrashenya, son of Mahishmān, of the Yadu race. Having slain the hundred sons of Bhadrasenya who were all most excellent bowmen Divodāsa acquired that city. Thus Bhadrasenya was deprived forcibly of his kingdom by the (king Divodāsa) (33–34).

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 49

एतेषां मानसी कन्या पीवरी नाम विश्रुता ।योगा च योगिपत्नी च योगिमाता तथैव च

eteṣāṃ mānasī kanyā pīvarī nāma viśrutā | yogā ca yogipatnī ca yogimātā tathaiva ca

श्लोक 49–51 का हिन्दी अर्थ

इन (बर्हिषद्‌ पितरों)-की मानसी कन्या पीवरी नामसे विख्यात है। पीवरी स्वयं योगिनी, योगीकी पत्नी तथा योगियोंकी माता है। धर्मधारिणी स्त्रियोंमें श्रेष्ठ यह पीवरी द्वापरमें उत्पन्न होनेवाली है। उसी युगमें पराशरके कुलमें व्यासजीके द्वारा अरणीसे आविर्भूत धूमरहित अग्िके समान प्रकाशमान्‌, महातपस्वी, महायोगी, द्विजश्रेष्ठ शुक उत्पन्न होंगे

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 50

भवित्री द्वापरं प्राप्य युगं धर्मभृतां वरा ।पराशरकुलोद्भूतः शुको नाम महातपाः

bhavitrī dvāparaṃ prāpya yugaṃ dharmabhṛtāṃ varā | parāśarakulodbhūtaḥ śuko nāma mahātapāḥ

अर्थ श्लोक 49 के साथ

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 51

भविष्यति युगे तस्मिन् महायोगी द्विजर्षभः ।व्यासादरण्यां सम्भूतो विधूमोऽग्निरिव ज्वलन्

bhaviṣyati yuge tasmin mahāyogī dvijarṣabhaḥ | vyāsādaraṇyāṃ sambhūto vidhūmo'gniriva jvalan

अर्थ श्लोक 49 के साथ

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 52

स तस्यां पितृकन्यायां पीवर्यां जनयिष्यति ।कन्यां पुत्रांश्च चतुरो योगाचार्यान्महाबलान्

sa tasyāṃ pitṛkanyāyāṃ pīvaryāṃ janayiṣyati | kanyāṃ putrāṃśca caturo yogācāryānmahābalān

श्लोक 52–53 का हिन्दी अर्थ

वे ही शुकदेव पितरोंकी इस कन्या पीवरीमें कृष्ण, गौर, प्रभु और शम्भु—इन चार महाबली योगाचार्य पुत्रों तथा ब्रह्मदत्तकी जननी और अणुहकी पत्नी कृत्वी नामवाली कन्याको उत्पन्न करेंगे

English

Vaishampāyana said:—O foremost of Bharatas, hear of the birth of Dhanwantari. When ambrosia was being churned out in the days of yore Dhanwantari arose from the ocean. Enveloped completely with personal grace he came out of the vessel of ambrosia. Meditating on Vishnu who grants success in business he stood up as soon as he saw Him (11–13). Vishnu said to him "As you have come out of water you will be known by the name of _Avja_." And so he passed by the name of Avja (14). Avja then replied:—"O lord I am your son. Confer upon me therefore, O lord of celestials, a share in the sacrificial offerings and a place in this world." Thus addressed and seeing him the Divine Lord spoke to him the truth (15). "The gods, who present themselves at _Yajnas_, have already made apportionments of sacrificial offerings amongst themselves. The great saints too have dedicated various articles of oblation to various gods. Know therefore, I shall not be able to give you any thing however trifling it may be, that is not mentioned in the Vedas. O my son, you have been born after the gods and so you will not be able to partake of sacrificial offerings (16–17). In your second birth you will gain renown in the world. While in the womb you will acquire _Animā Siddhi_⁵⁷ (18). With that body you will acquire the dignity of a god. The twice-born ones will worship you with _Charu_, _Mantra_, vows and _Japas_ (19). You will propagate Ayurveda with its eight divisions. This work, which is sure to come off, is known to you in your watery birth (20). When the second Yuga Dwāpara will set in you will undoubtedly take your birth again." Having conferred this boon on Dhanwantari Vishnu disappeared again (21). Thereupon when the second Dwāpara Yuga set in Sunohotra's son Dirghatapā, the king of Kashi, desirous of having a son, began carrying on hard austerities affording delight to his worshipful deity saying (22)—"I shall lay myself under the protection of that god who will confer on me a son." That king worshipped the deity Avja for a son (23). Thereupon that Divine lord, being pleased with the king, said to him "O you of good vows, I shall grant you any boon that you may choose to have" (24). The king said "O lord, if thou art pleased be born unto me as my illustrious son." Then saying "Let it be so" he disappeared therefrom (25). The deity Dhanwantari was then born in his house. He became the king of Kāshi who could destroy all diseases (26). Having acquired the kowledge of Ayurveda from Bharadwāja he divided the work of the physicians into eight classes and then conferred it upon his disciples (27). Dhanwantari's son was known by the name of Ketumān whose son was the heroic Bhimaratha (28). His son was the king Divodāsa. The pious-souled Divodāsa became the king of Bārānashi (29). O king, at this time the Rakshasa Kshemaka, an attendant of Rudra, made the city of Bārānashi divested of its inhabitants (30). The intelligent and high-souled Nikumbha uttered a curse against Bārānashi saying, "Thou shalt forsooth have none to live in thee for one thousand years" (31). As soon as this curse was pronounced against Bārānashi the king Divodāsa laid out his charming capital on the bank of Gomati (near Bārānashi) (32). Formerly Bārānashi belonged to Bhadrashenya, son of Mahishmān, of the Yadu race. Having slain the hundred sons of Bhadrasenya who were all most excellent bowmen Divodāsa acquired that city. Thus Bhadrasenya was deprived forcibly of his kingdom by the (king Divodāsa) (33–34).

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 53

कृष्णं गौरं प्रभुं शम्भुं कृत्वीं कन्यां तथैव च ।ब्रह्मदत्तस्य जननीं महिषीं त्वणुहस्य च

kṛṣṇaṃ gauraṃ prabhuṃ śambhuṃ kṛtvīṃ kanyāṃ tathaiva ca | brahmadattasya jananīṃ mahiṣīṃ tvaṇuhasya ca

अर्थ श्लोक 52 के साथ

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 54

एतानुत्पाद्य धर्मात्त्मा योगाचार्यान्महाव्रतान् ।श्रुत्वा स्वजनकाद् धर्मान्व्यासादमितबुद्धिमान्

etānutpādya dharmāttmā yogācāryānmahāvratān | śrutvā svajanakād dharmānvyāsādamitabuddhimān

श्लोक 54–55 का हिन्दी अर्थ

वे धर्मात्मा इन महाबव्रतधारी योगाचार्योको उत्पन्न कर अपने पिता व्यासजीसे धर्मोका रहस्य सुनेंगे। तदनन्तर अपार बुद्धिवाले महायोगी शुक अपुनरावर्तिनी गतिको प्राप्त होंगे। वह परमगति उद्वेगरहित, कभी नष्ट न होनेवाला तथा सनातन ब्रह्मपदरूप है

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 55

महायोगी ततो गन्ता पुनरावर्तिनीं गतिम् ।यत्तत्पदमनुद्विग्नमव्ययं ब्रह्म शाश्वतम्

mahāyogī tato gantā punarāvartinīṃ gatim | yattatpadamanudvignamavyayaṃ brahma śāśvatam

अर्थ श्लोक 54 के साथ

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 56

अमूर्तिमन्तः पितरो धर्ममूर्तिधरा मुने ।कथा यत्रेयमुत्पन्ना वृष्ण्यन्धककुलान्वया

amūrtimantaḥ pitaro dharmamūrtidharā mune | kathā yatreyamutpannā vṛṣṇyandhakakulānvayā

हिन्दी अर्थ

मुने! अमूर्तिमान्‌ पितर धर्ममय शरीर धारण करनेवाले हैं। इन्हींसे वृष्णि और अन्धक कुलोंसे सम्बन्ध रखनेवाली यह कथा आरम्भ होती है

English

Vaishampāyana said:—O foremost of Bharatas, hear of the birth of Dhanwantari. When ambrosia was being churned out in the days of yore Dhanwantari arose from the ocean. Enveloped completely with personal grace he came out of the vessel of ambrosia. Meditating on Vishnu who grants success in business he stood up as soon as he saw Him (11–13). Vishnu said to him "As you have come out of water you will be known by the name of _Avja_." And so he passed by the name of Avja (14). Avja then replied:—"O lord I am your son. Confer upon me therefore, O lord of celestials, a share in the sacrificial offerings and a place in this world." Thus addressed and seeing him the Divine Lord spoke to him the truth (15). "The gods, who present themselves at _Yajnas_, have already made apportionments of sacrificial offerings amongst themselves. The great saints too have dedicated various articles of oblation to various gods. Know therefore, I shall not be able to give you any thing however trifling it may be, that is not mentioned in the Vedas. O my son, you have been born after the gods and so you will not be able to partake of sacrificial offerings (16–17). In your second birth you will gain renown in the world. While in the womb you will acquire _Animā Siddhi_⁵⁷ (18). With that body you will acquire the dignity of a god. The twice-born ones will worship you with _Charu_, _Mantra_, vows and _Japas_ (19). You will propagate Ayurveda with its eight divisions. This work, which is sure to come off, is known to you in your watery birth (20). When the second Yuga Dwāpara will set in you will undoubtedly take your birth again." Having conferred this boon on Dhanwantari Vishnu disappeared again (21). Thereupon when the second Dwāpara Yuga set in Sunohotra's son Dirghatapā, the king of Kashi, desirous of having a son, began carrying on hard austerities affording delight to his worshipful deity saying (22)—"I shall lay myself under the protection of that god who will confer on me a son." That king worshipped the deity Avja for a son (23). Thereupon that Divine lord, being pleased with the king, said to him "O you of good vows, I shall grant you any boon that you may choose to have" (24). The king said "O lord, if thou art pleased be born unto me as my illustrious son." Then saying "Let it be so" he disappeared therefrom (25). The deity Dhanwantari was then born in his house. He became the king of Kāshi who could destroy all diseases (26). Having acquired the kowledge of Ayurveda from Bharadwāja he divided the work of the physicians into eight classes and then conferred it upon his disciples (27). Dhanwantari's son was known by the name of Ketumān whose son was the heroic Bhimaratha (28). His son was the king Divodāsa. The pious-souled Divodāsa became the king of Bārānashi (29). O king, at this time the Rakshasa Kshemaka, an attendant of Rudra, made the city of Bārānashi divested of its inhabitants (30). The intelligent and high-souled Nikumbha uttered a curse against Bārānashi saying, "Thou shalt forsooth have none to live in thee for one thousand years" (31). As soon as this curse was pronounced against Bārānashi the king Divodāsa laid out his charming capital on the bank of Gomati (near Bārānashi) (32). Formerly Bārānashi belonged to Bhadrashenya, son of Mahishmān, of the Yadu race. Having slain the hundred sons of Bhadrasenya who were all most excellent bowmen Divodāsa acquired that city. Thus Bhadrasenya was deprived forcibly of his kingdom by the (king Divodāsa) (33–34).

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 57

सुकाला नाम पितरो वसिष्ठस्य प्रजापतेः ।निरता दिवि लोकेषु ज्योतिर्भासिषु भासुराः ।सर्वकामसमृद्धेषु द्विजास्तान् भावयन्त्युत

sukālā nāma pitaro vasiṣṭhasya prajāpateḥ | niratā divi lokeṣu jyotirbhāsiṣu bhāsurāḥ | sarvakāmasamṛddheṣu dvijāstān bhāvayantyuta

हिन्दी अर्थ

सुकाल नामक पितर प्रजापति वसिष्ठके पुत्र हैं। वे दीसिमान्‌ पितर स्वर्गमें सभी कामोपभोगोंसे परिपूर्ण तथा ज्योतिर्मय लोकोंमें निवास करते हैं । ब्राह्मणलोग उनकी आराधना करते हैं

English

Vaishampāyana said:—O foremost of Bharatas, hear of the birth of Dhanwantari. When ambrosia was being churned out in the days of yore Dhanwantari arose from the ocean. Enveloped completely with personal grace he came out of the vessel of ambrosia. Meditating on Vishnu who grants success in business he stood up as soon as he saw Him (11–13). Vishnu said to him "As you have come out of water you will be known by the name of _Avja_." And so he passed by the name of Avja (14). Avja then replied:—"O lord I am your son. Confer upon me therefore, O lord of celestials, a share in the sacrificial offerings and a place in this world." Thus addressed and seeing him the Divine Lord spoke to him the truth (15). "The gods, who present themselves at _Yajnas_, have already made apportionments of sacrificial offerings amongst themselves. The great saints too have dedicated various articles of oblation to various gods. Know therefore, I shall not be able to give you any thing however trifling it may be, that is not mentioned in the Vedas. O my son, you have been born after the gods and so you will not be able to partake of sacrificial offerings (16–17). In your second birth you will gain renown in the world. While in the womb you will acquire _Animā Siddhi_⁵⁷ (18). With that body you will acquire the dignity of a god. The twice-born ones will worship you with _Charu_, _Mantra_, vows and _Japas_ (19). You will propagate Ayurveda with its eight divisions. This work, which is sure to come off, is known to you in your watery birth (20). When the second Yuga Dwāpara will set in you will undoubtedly take your birth again." Having conferred this boon on Dhanwantari Vishnu disappeared again (21). Thereupon when the second Dwāpara Yuga set in Sunohotra's son Dirghatapā, the king of Kashi, desirous of having a son, began carrying on hard austerities affording delight to his worshipful deity saying (22)—"I shall lay myself under the protection of that god who will confer on me a son." That king worshipped the deity Avja for a son (23). Thereupon that Divine lord, being pleased with the king, said to him "O you of good vows, I shall grant you any boon that you may choose to have" (24). The king said "O lord, if thou art pleased be born unto me as my illustrious son." Then saying "Let it be so" he disappeared therefrom (25). The deity Dhanwantari was then born in his house. He became the king of Kāshi who could destroy all diseases (26). Having acquired the kowledge of Ayurveda from Bharadwāja he divided the work of the physicians into eight classes and then conferred it upon his disciples (27). Dhanwantari's son was known by the name of Ketumān whose son was the heroic Bhimaratha (28). His son was the king Divodāsa. The pious-souled Divodāsa became the king of Bārānashi (29). O king, at this time the Rakshasa Kshemaka, an attendant of Rudra, made the city of Bārānashi divested of its inhabitants (30). The intelligent and high-souled Nikumbha uttered a curse against Bārānashi saying, "Thou shalt forsooth have none to live in thee for one thousand years" (31). As soon as this curse was pronounced against Bārānashi the king Divodāsa laid out his charming capital on the bank of Gomati (near Bārānashi) (32). Formerly Bārānashi belonged to Bhadrashenya, son of Mahishmān, of the Yadu race. Having slain the hundred sons of Bhadrasenya who were all most excellent bowmen Divodāsa acquired that city. Thus Bhadrasenya was deprived forcibly of his kingdom by the (king Divodāsa) (33–34).

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 58

तेषां वै मानसी कन्या गौर्नाम्ना दिवि विश्रुता ।तवैव वंशे या दत्ता शुकस्य महिषी प्रिया ।एकशृङ्गेति विख्याता साध्यानां कीर्तिवर्द्धिनी

teṣāṃ vai mānasī kanyā gaurnāmnā divi viśrutā | tavaiva vaṃśe yā dattā śukasya mahiṣī priyā | ekaśṛṅgeti vikhyātā sādhyānāṃ kīrtivarddhinī

हिन्दी अर्थ

(मार्कण्डेयजी कहते हैं—भीष्म !) इन (सुकाल नामक पितरों )-की मानसी कन्या स्वर्गमें गौ नामसे विख्यात है। वह तुम्हारे ही वंशमें दी गयी है। वह शुककी प्रिया भार्या है। साध्योंकी कीर्ति बढ़ानेवाली वह गौ (यहाँ) एकश्रृज्धा नामसे प्रसिद्ध है

English

Vaishampāyana said:—O foremost of Bharatas, hear of the birth of Dhanwantari. When ambrosia was being churned out in the days of yore Dhanwantari arose from the ocean. Enveloped completely with personal grace he came out of the vessel of ambrosia. Meditating on Vishnu who grants success in business he stood up as soon as he saw Him (11–13). Vishnu said to him "As you have come out of water you will be known by the name of _Avja_." And so he passed by the name of Avja (14). Avja then replied:—"O lord I am your son. Confer upon me therefore, O lord of celestials, a share in the sacrificial offerings and a place in this world." Thus addressed and seeing him the Divine Lord spoke to him the truth (15). "The gods, who present themselves at _Yajnas_, have already made apportionments of sacrificial offerings amongst themselves. The great saints too have dedicated various articles of oblation to various gods. Know therefore, I shall not be able to give you any thing however trifling it may be, that is not mentioned in the Vedas. O my son, you have been born after the gods and so you will not be able to partake of sacrificial offerings (16–17). In your second birth you will gain renown in the world. While in the womb you will acquire _Animā Siddhi_⁵⁷ (18). With that body you will acquire the dignity of a god. The twice-born ones will worship you with _Charu_, _Mantra_, vows and _Japas_ (19). You will propagate Ayurveda with its eight divisions. This work, which is sure to come off, is known to you in your watery birth (20). When the second Yuga Dwāpara will set in you will undoubtedly take your birth again." Having conferred this boon on Dhanwantari Vishnu disappeared again (21). Thereupon when the second Dwāpara Yuga set in Sunohotra's son Dirghatapā, the king of Kashi, desirous of having a son, began carrying on hard austerities affording delight to his worshipful deity saying (22)—"I shall lay myself under the protection of that god who will confer on me a son." That king worshipped the deity Avja for a son (23). Thereupon that Divine lord, being pleased with the king, said to him "O you of good vows, I shall grant you any boon that you may choose to have" (24). The king said "O lord, if thou art pleased be born unto me as my illustrious son." Then saying "Let it be so" he disappeared therefrom (25). The deity Dhanwantari was then born in his house. He became the king of Kāshi who could destroy all diseases (26). Having acquired the kowledge of Ayurveda from Bharadwāja he divided the work of the physicians into eight classes and then conferred it upon his disciples (27). Dhanwantari's son was known by the name of Ketumān whose son was the heroic Bhimaratha (28). His son was the king Divodāsa. The pious-souled Divodāsa became the king of Bārānashi (29). O king, at this time the Rakshasa Kshemaka, an attendant of Rudra, made the city of Bārānashi divested of its inhabitants (30). The intelligent and high-souled Nikumbha uttered a curse against Bārānashi saying, "Thou shalt forsooth have none to live in thee for one thousand years" (31). As soon as this curse was pronounced against Bārānashi the king Divodāsa laid out his charming capital on the bank of Gomati (near Bārānashi) (32). Formerly Bārānashi belonged to Bhadrashenya, son of Mahishmān, of the Yadu race. Having slain the hundred sons of Bhadrasenya who were all most excellent bowmen Divodāsa acquired that city. Thus Bhadrasenya was deprived forcibly of his kingdom by the (king Divodāsa) (33–34).

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 59

मरीचिगर्भांस्ताँल्लोकान् समाश्रित्य व्यवस्थिताः ।ये त्वथाङ्गिरसः पुत्राः साध्यैः संवर्द्धिताः पुरा

marīcigarbhāṃstā~llokān samāśritya vyavasthitāḥ | ye tvathāṅgirasaḥ putrāḥ sādhyaiḥ saṃvarddhitāḥ purā

हिन्दी अर्थ

लोक वैभ्राज कहलाते हैं । शो ध्याय: + ९५ (अब क्षत्रियोंद्वारा पूज्य आड़िरिस पितरोंका वर्णन करते हैं—) पहले जिनका साध्योंने पोषण किया था, वे अद्धिरा ऋषिके पुत्र आज्िरस पितर सूर्यकी किरणोंसे प्रकाशित होनेवाले लोकोंका आश्रय लेकर रहते हैं

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 60

तान् क्षत्रियगणास्तात भावयन्ति फलार्थिनः ।तेषां तु मानसी कन्या यशोदा नाम विश्रुता

tān kṣatriyagaṇāstāta bhāvayanti phalārthinaḥ | teṣāṃ tu mānasī kanyā yaśodā nāma viśrutā

हिन्दी अर्थ

तात! फल चाहनेवाले क्षत्रिय लोग उन (आज़िरस पितरों ) -का पूजन करते हैं । उन (आज़िरस पितरों) -की मानसी कन्या यशोदा नामसे प्रसिद्ध है

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 61

पत्नी सा विश्वमहतः स्नुषा वै वृद्धशर्मणः ।राजर्षेर्जननी चापि दिलीपस्य महात्मनः

patnī sā viśvamahataḥ snuṣā vai vṛddhaśarmaṇaḥ | rājarṣerjananī cāpi dilīpasya mahātmanaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

वह विश्वमहान्‌की पत्नी, वृद्धशर्माकी पुत्रवधू एवं राजर्षि महात्मा दिलीपकी माता है

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 62

तस्य यज्ञे पुरा गीता गाथाः प्रीतैर्महर्षिभिः ।तदा देवयुगे तात वाजिमेधे महामखे

tasya yajñe purā gītā gāthāḥ prītairmaharṣibhiḥ | tadā devayuge tāta vājimedhe mahāmakhe

हिन्दी अर्थ

तात! उस समय देवयुगमें उस (दिलीप)-के अश्वमेध नामक महायजझमें महर्षियोंने प्रसन्न होकर यह गाथा गायी थी—

English

Vaishampāyana said:—O foremost of Bharatas, hear of the birth of Dhanwantari. When ambrosia was being churned out in the days of yore Dhanwantari arose from the ocean. Enveloped completely with personal grace he came out of the vessel of ambrosia. Meditating on Vishnu who grants success in business he stood up as soon as he saw Him (11–13). Vishnu said to him "As you have come out of water you will be known by the name of _Avja_." And so he passed by the name of Avja (14). Avja then replied:—"O lord I am your son. Confer upon me therefore, O lord of celestials, a share in the sacrificial offerings and a place in this world." Thus addressed and seeing him the Divine Lord spoke to him the truth (15). "The gods, who present themselves at _Yajnas_, have already made apportionments of sacrificial offerings amongst themselves. The great saints too have dedicated various articles of oblation to various gods. Know therefore, I shall not be able to give you any thing however trifling it may be, that is not mentioned in the Vedas. O my son, you have been born after the gods and so you will not be able to partake of sacrificial offerings (16–17). In your second birth you will gain renown in the world. While in the womb you will acquire _Animā Siddhi_⁵⁷ (18). With that body you will acquire the dignity of a god. The twice-born ones will worship you with _Charu_, _Mantra_, vows and _Japas_ (19). You will propagate Ayurveda with its eight divisions. This work, which is sure to come off, is known to you in your watery birth (20). When the second Yuga Dwāpara will set in you will undoubtedly take your birth again." Having conferred this boon on Dhanwantari Vishnu disappeared again (21). Thereupon when the second Dwāpara Yuga set in Sunohotra's son Dirghatapā, the king of Kashi, desirous of having a son, began carrying on hard austerities affording delight to his worshipful deity saying (22)—"I shall lay myself under the protection of that god who will confer on me a son." That king worshipped the deity Avja for a son (23). Thereupon that Divine lord, being pleased with the king, said to him "O you of good vows, I shall grant you any boon that you may choose to have" (24). The king said "O lord, if thou art pleased be born unto me as my illustrious son." Then saying "Let it be so" he disappeared therefrom (25). The deity Dhanwantari was then born in his house. He became the king of Kāshi who could destroy all diseases (26). Having acquired the kowledge of Ayurveda from Bharadwāja he divided the work of the physicians into eight classes and then conferred it upon his disciples (27). Dhanwantari's son was known by the name of Ketumān whose son was the heroic Bhimaratha (28). His son was the king Divodāsa. The pious-souled Divodāsa became the king of Bārānashi (29). O king, at this time the Rakshasa Kshemaka, an attendant of Rudra, made the city of Bārānashi divested of its inhabitants (30). The intelligent and high-souled Nikumbha uttered a curse against Bārānashi saying, "Thou shalt forsooth have none to live in thee for one thousand years" (31). As soon as this curse was pronounced against Bārānashi the king Divodāsa laid out his charming capital on the bank of Gomati (near Bārānashi) (32). Formerly Bārānashi belonged to Bhadrashenya, son of Mahishmān, of the Yadu race. Having slain the hundred sons of Bhadrasenya who were all most excellent bowmen Divodāsa acquired that city. Thus Bhadrasenya was deprived forcibly of his kingdom by the (king Divodāsa) (33–34).

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 63

अग्नेर्जन्म तथा श्रुत्वा शाण्डिल्यस्य महात्मनः ।दिलीपं यजमानं ये पश्यन्ति सुसमाहिताः ।सत्यवन्तं महात्मानं तेऽपि स्वर्गजितो नराः

agnerjanma tathā śrutvā śāṇḍilyasya mahātmanaḥ | dilīpaṃ yajamānaṃ ye paśyanti susamāhitāḥ | satyavantaṃ mahātmānaṃ te'pi svargajito narāḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

जो मनुष्य चित्तको एकाग्र करके शाण्डिल्यगोत्रमें उत्पन्न महात्मा अग्रिके जन्मको सुनकर सत्यवादी महात्मा दिलीपको यज्ञ करते देखते हैं, वे भी स्वर्गको जीत लेंगे

English

Vaishampāyana said:—O foremost of Bharatas, hear of the birth of Dhanwantari. When ambrosia was being churned out in the days of yore Dhanwantari arose from the ocean. Enveloped completely with personal grace he came out of the vessel of ambrosia. Meditating on Vishnu who grants success in business he stood up as soon as he saw Him (11–13). Vishnu said to him "As you have come out of water you will be known by the name of _Avja_." And so he passed by the name of Avja (14). Avja then replied:—"O lord I am your son. Confer upon me therefore, O lord of celestials, a share in the sacrificial offerings and a place in this world." Thus addressed and seeing him the Divine Lord spoke to him the truth (15). "The gods, who present themselves at _Yajnas_, have already made apportionments of sacrificial offerings amongst themselves. The great saints too have dedicated various articles of oblation to various gods. Know therefore, I shall not be able to give you any thing however trifling it may be, that is not mentioned in the Vedas. O my son, you have been born after the gods and so you will not be able to partake of sacrificial offerings (16–17). In your second birth you will gain renown in the world. While in the womb you will acquire _Animā Siddhi_⁵⁷ (18). With that body you will acquire the dignity of a god. The twice-born ones will worship you with _Charu_, _Mantra_, vows and _Japas_ (19). You will propagate Ayurveda with its eight divisions. This work, which is sure to come off, is known to you in your watery birth (20). When the second Yuga Dwāpara will set in you will undoubtedly take your birth again." Having conferred this boon on Dhanwantari Vishnu disappeared again (21). Thereupon when the second Dwāpara Yuga set in Sunohotra's son Dirghatapā, the king of Kashi, desirous of having a son, began carrying on hard austerities affording delight to his worshipful deity saying (22)—"I shall lay myself under the protection of that god who will confer on me a son." That king worshipped the deity Avja for a son (23). Thereupon that Divine lord, being pleased with the king, said to him "O you of good vows, I shall grant you any boon that you may choose to have" (24). The king said "O lord, if thou art pleased be born unto me as my illustrious son." Then saying "Let it be so" he disappeared therefrom (25). The deity Dhanwantari was then born in his house. He became the king of Kāshi who could destroy all diseases (26). Having acquired the kowledge of Ayurveda from Bharadwāja he divided the work of the physicians into eight classes and then conferred it upon his disciples (27). Dhanwantari's son was known by the name of Ketumān whose son was the heroic Bhimaratha (28). His son was the king Divodāsa. The pious-souled Divodāsa became the king of Bārānashi (29). O king, at this time the Rakshasa Kshemaka, an attendant of Rudra, made the city of Bārānashi divested of its inhabitants (30). The intelligent and high-souled Nikumbha uttered a curse against Bārānashi saying, "Thou shalt forsooth have none to live in thee for one thousand years" (31). As soon as this curse was pronounced against Bārānashi the king Divodāsa laid out his charming capital on the bank of Gomati (near Bārānashi) (32). Formerly Bārānashi belonged to Bhadrashenya, son of Mahishmān, of the Yadu race. Having slain the hundred sons of Bhadrasenya who were all most excellent bowmen Divodāsa acquired that city. Thus Bhadrasenya was deprived forcibly of his kingdom by the (king Divodāsa) (33–34).

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 64

सुस्वधा नाम पितरः कर्दमस्य प्रजापतेः ।समुत्पन्नास्तु पुलहान्महात्मानो द्विजर्षभाः

susvadhā nāma pitaraḥ kardamasya prajāpateḥ | samutpannāstu pulahānmahātmāno dvijarṣabhāḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

कर्दम प्रजापतिके सुस्वधा नामवाले पितर हैं, जो ब्राह्मणोंमें श्रेष्ठ और महान्‌ आत्मबलसे सम्पन्न हैं तथा महर्षि पुलहसे उत्पन्न हुए हैं

English

Vaishampāyana said:—O foremost of Bharatas, hear of the birth of Dhanwantari. When ambrosia was being churned out in the days of yore Dhanwantari arose from the ocean. Enveloped completely with personal grace he came out of the vessel of ambrosia. Meditating on Vishnu who grants success in business he stood up as soon as he saw Him (11–13). Vishnu said to him "As you have come out of water you will be known by the name of _Avja_." And so he passed by the name of Avja (14). Avja then replied:—"O lord I am your son. Confer upon me therefore, O lord of celestials, a share in the sacrificial offerings and a place in this world." Thus addressed and seeing him the Divine Lord spoke to him the truth (15). "The gods, who present themselves at _Yajnas_, have already made apportionments of sacrificial offerings amongst themselves. The great saints too have dedicated various articles of oblation to various gods. Know therefore, I shall not be able to give you any thing however trifling it may be, that is not mentioned in the Vedas. O my son, you have been born after the gods and so you will not be able to partake of sacrificial offerings (16–17). In your second birth you will gain renown in the world. While in the womb you will acquire _Animā Siddhi_⁵⁷ (18). With that body you will acquire the dignity of a god. The twice-born ones will worship you with _Charu_, _Mantra_, vows and _Japas_ (19). You will propagate Ayurveda with its eight divisions. This work, which is sure to come off, is known to you in your watery birth (20). When the second Yuga Dwāpara will set in you will undoubtedly take your birth again." Having conferred this boon on Dhanwantari Vishnu disappeared again (21). Thereupon when the second Dwāpara Yuga set in Sunohotra's son Dirghatapā, the king of Kashi, desirous of having a son, began carrying on hard austerities affording delight to his worshipful deity saying (22)—"I shall lay myself under the protection of that god who will confer on me a son." That king worshipped the deity Avja for a son (23). Thereupon that Divine lord, being pleased with the king, said to him "O you of good vows, I shall grant you any boon that you may choose to have" (24). The king said "O lord, if thou art pleased be born unto me as my illustrious son." Then saying "Let it be so" he disappeared therefrom (25). The deity Dhanwantari was then born in his house. He became the king of Kāshi who could destroy all diseases (26). Having acquired the kowledge of Ayurveda from Bharadwāja he divided the work of the physicians into eight classes and then conferred it upon his disciples (27). Dhanwantari's son was known by the name of Ketumān whose son was the heroic Bhimaratha (28). His son was the king Divodāsa. The pious-souled Divodāsa became the king of Bārānashi (29). O king, at this time the Rakshasa Kshemaka, an attendant of Rudra, made the city of Bārānashi divested of its inhabitants (30). The intelligent and high-souled Nikumbha uttered a curse against Bārānashi saying, "Thou shalt forsooth have none to live in thee for one thousand years" (31). As soon as this curse was pronounced against Bārānashi the king Divodāsa laid out his charming capital on the bank of Gomati (near Bārānashi) (32). Formerly Bārānashi belonged to Bhadrashenya, son of Mahishmān, of the Yadu race. Having slain the hundred sons of Bhadrasenya who were all most excellent bowmen Divodāsa acquired that city. Thus Bhadrasenya was deprived forcibly of his kingdom by the (king Divodāsa) (33–34).

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 65

लोकेषु दिवि वर्तन्ते कामगेषु विहङ्गमाः ।तांश्च वैश्यगणास्तात भावयन्ति फलार्थिनः

lokeṣu divi vartante kāmageṣu vihaṅgamāḥ | tāṃśca vaiśyagaṇāstāta bhāvayanti phalārthinaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

तात ! ये आकाशमें विचरण करनेवाले (सुस्वधा संज्ञक पितर) स्वर्गमें इच्छानुसार सब कामनाओंकी पूर्ति करनेवाले लोकोंमें रहते हैं। फल-कामुक वैश्यगण इनकी उपासना करते हैं

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 66

तेषां वै मानसी कन्या विरजा नाम विश्रुता ।ययातेर्जननी ब्रह्मन् महिषी नहुषस्य च

teṣāṃ vai mānasī kanyā virajā nāma viśrutā | yayāterjananī brahman mahiṣī nahuṣasya ca

हिन्दी अर्थ

(सनत्कुमारजी कहते हैं—) ब्रह्मनम्‌! उनकी मानसी कन्या विरजा नामसे प्रसिद्ध है। वह ययातिको माता और नहुषकी पत्नी है

English

Vaishampāyana said:—O foremost of Bharatas, hear of the birth of Dhanwantari. When ambrosia was being churned out in the days of yore Dhanwantari arose from the ocean. Enveloped completely with personal grace he came out of the vessel of ambrosia. Meditating on Vishnu who grants success in business he stood up as soon as he saw Him (11–13). Vishnu said to him "As you have come out of water you will be known by the name of _Avja_." And so he passed by the name of Avja (14). Avja then replied:—"O lord I am your son. Confer upon me therefore, O lord of celestials, a share in the sacrificial offerings and a place in this world." Thus addressed and seeing him the Divine Lord spoke to him the truth (15). "The gods, who present themselves at _Yajnas_, have already made apportionments of sacrificial offerings amongst themselves. The great saints too have dedicated various articles of oblation to various gods. Know therefore, I shall not be able to give you any thing however trifling it may be, that is not mentioned in the Vedas. O my son, you have been born after the gods and so you will not be able to partake of sacrificial offerings (16–17). In your second birth you will gain renown in the world. While in the womb you will acquire _Animā Siddhi_⁵⁷ (18). With that body you will acquire the dignity of a god. The twice-born ones will worship you with _Charu_, _Mantra_, vows and _Japas_ (19). You will propagate Ayurveda with its eight divisions. This work, which is sure to come off, is known to you in your watery birth (20). When the second Yuga Dwāpara will set in you will undoubtedly take your birth again." Having conferred this boon on Dhanwantari Vishnu disappeared again (21). Thereupon when the second Dwāpara Yuga set in Sunohotra's son Dirghatapā, the king of Kashi, desirous of having a son, began carrying on hard austerities affording delight to his worshipful deity saying (22)—"I shall lay myself under the protection of that god who will confer on me a son." That king worshipped the deity Avja for a son (23). Thereupon that Divine lord, being pleased with the king, said to him "O you of good vows, I shall grant you any boon that you may choose to have" (24). The king said "O lord, if thou art pleased be born unto me as my illustrious son." Then saying "Let it be so" he disappeared therefrom (25). The deity Dhanwantari was then born in his house. He became the king of Kāshi who could destroy all diseases (26). Having acquired the kowledge of Ayurveda from Bharadwāja he divided the work of the physicians into eight classes and then conferred it upon his disciples (27). Dhanwantari's son was known by the name of Ketumān whose son was the heroic Bhimaratha (28). His son was the king Divodāsa. The pious-souled Divodāsa became the king of Bārānashi (29). O king, at this time the Rakshasa Kshemaka, an attendant of Rudra, made the city of Bārānashi divested of its inhabitants (30). The intelligent and high-souled Nikumbha uttered a curse against Bārānashi saying, "Thou shalt forsooth have none to live in thee for one thousand years" (31). As soon as this curse was pronounced against Bārānashi the king Divodāsa laid out his charming capital on the bank of Gomati (near Bārānashi) (32). Formerly Bārānashi belonged to Bhadrashenya, son of Mahishmān, of the Yadu race. Having slain the hundred sons of Bhadrasenya who were all most excellent bowmen Divodāsa acquired that city. Thus Bhadrasenya was deprived forcibly of his kingdom by the (king Divodāsa) (33–34).

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 67

त्रय एते गणाः प्रोक्ताश्चतुर्थं तु निबोध मे ।उत्पन्ना ये स्वधायां ते सोमपा वै कवेः सुताः ।हिरण्यगर्भस्य सुताः शूद्रास्तान्भावयन्त्युत

traya ete gaṇāḥ proktāścaturthaṃ tu nibodha me | utpannā ye svadhāyāṃ te somapā vai kaveḥ sutāḥ | hiraṇyagarbhasya sutāḥ śūdrāstānbhāvayantyuta

हिन्दी अर्थ

यह मैंने मनुष्यपूज्य पितरोंके तीन गणोंका वर्णन कर दिया। अब चौधे गणका _ वर्णन सुनो। ये पितृगण कविकी पुत्री स्वधाके गर्भसे उत्पन्न हुए पुत्र हैं और सोमपा कहलाते हैं। ये अग्रिके आत्मज हैं। शूद्र इनकी उपासना करते हैं

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 68

मानसा नाम ते लोका यत्र तिष्ठन्ति ते दिवि ।तेषां वै मानसी कन्या नर्मदा सरितां वरा

mānasā nāma te lokā yatra tiṣṭhanti te divi | teṣāṃ vai mānasī kanyā narmadā saritāṃ varā

हिन्दी अर्थ

वे स्वर्गमें जिन लोकोंमें निवास करते हैं, वे मानसलोक कहलाते हैं। उनकी मानसी कन्या नर्मदा कहलाती है, जो नदियोंमें श्रेष्ठ है

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 69

या भावयति भूतानि दक्षिणापथगामिनी ।पुरुकुत्सस्य या पत्नी त्रसद्दस्योर्जनन्यपि

yā bhāvayati bhūtāni dakṣiṇāpathagāminī | purukutsasya yā patnī trasaddasyorjananyapi

हिन्दी अर्थ

वह दक्षिणापथकी ओर बहकर प्राणियोंको पवित्र करती है। वह पुरुकुत्सकी पत्नी और त्रसदस्युकी माता है

English

Vaishampāyana said:—O foremost of Bharatas, hear of the birth of Dhanwantari. When ambrosia was being churned out in the days of yore Dhanwantari arose from the ocean. Enveloped completely with personal grace he came out of the vessel of ambrosia. Meditating on Vishnu who grants success in business he stood up as soon as he saw Him (11–13). Vishnu said to him "As you have come out of water you will be known by the name of _Avja_." And so he passed by the name of Avja (14). Avja then replied:—"O lord I am your son. Confer upon me therefore, O lord of celestials, a share in the sacrificial offerings and a place in this world." Thus addressed and seeing him the Divine Lord spoke to him the truth (15). "The gods, who present themselves at _Yajnas_, have already made apportionments of sacrificial offerings amongst themselves. The great saints too have dedicated various articles of oblation to various gods. Know therefore, I shall not be able to give you any thing however trifling it may be, that is not mentioned in the Vedas. O my son, you have been born after the gods and so you will not be able to partake of sacrificial offerings (16–17). In your second birth you will gain renown in the world. While in the womb you will acquire _Animā Siddhi_⁵⁷ (18). With that body you will acquire the dignity of a god. The twice-born ones will worship you with _Charu_, _Mantra_, vows and _Japas_ (19). You will propagate Ayurveda with its eight divisions. This work, which is sure to come off, is known to you in your watery birth (20). When the second Yuga Dwāpara will set in you will undoubtedly take your birth again." Having conferred this boon on Dhanwantari Vishnu disappeared again (21). Thereupon when the second Dwāpara Yuga set in Sunohotra's son Dirghatapā, the king of Kashi, desirous of having a son, began carrying on hard austerities affording delight to his worshipful deity saying (22)—"I shall lay myself under the protection of that god who will confer on me a son." That king worshipped the deity Avja for a son (23). Thereupon that Divine lord, being pleased with the king, said to him "O you of good vows, I shall grant you any boon that you may choose to have" (24). The king said "O lord, if thou art pleased be born unto me as my illustrious son." Then saying "Let it be so" he disappeared therefrom (25). The deity Dhanwantari was then born in his house. He became the king of Kāshi who could destroy all diseases (26). Having acquired the kowledge of Ayurveda from Bharadwāja he divided the work of the physicians into eight classes and then conferred it upon his disciples (27). Dhanwantari's son was known by the name of Ketumān whose son was the heroic Bhimaratha (28). His son was the king Divodāsa. The pious-souled Divodāsa became the king of Bārānashi (29). O king, at this time the Rakshasa Kshemaka, an attendant of Rudra, made the city of Bārānashi divested of its inhabitants (30). The intelligent and high-souled Nikumbha uttered a curse against Bārānashi saying, "Thou shalt forsooth have none to live in thee for one thousand years" (31). As soon as this curse was pronounced against Bārānashi the king Divodāsa laid out his charming capital on the bank of Gomati (near Bārānashi) (32). Formerly Bārānashi belonged to Bhadrashenya, son of Mahishmān, of the Yadu race. Having slain the hundred sons of Bhadrasenya who were all most excellent bowmen Divodāsa acquired that city. Thus Bhadrasenya was deprived forcibly of his kingdom by the (king Divodāsa) (33–34).

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 70

तेषामथाभ्युपगमान्मनुस्तात युगे युगे ।प्रवर्तयति श्राद्धानि नष्टे धर्मे प्रजापतिः

teṣāmathābhyupagamānmanustāta yuge yuge | pravartayati śrāddhāni naṣṭe dharme prajāpatiḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

तात! प्रजापति मनु प्रत्येक युगके आरम्भमें इन पितरोंको पूज्य समझकर लुप्त हुए श्राद्ध-धर्मका उद्धार करनेके लिये श्राद्धोंको फिर प्रचलित किया करते हैं

English

Vaishampāyana said:—O foremost of Bharatas, hear of the birth of Dhanwantari. When ambrosia was being churned out in the days of yore Dhanwantari arose from the ocean. Enveloped completely with personal grace he came out of the vessel of ambrosia. Meditating on Vishnu who grants success in business he stood up as soon as he saw Him (11–13). Vishnu said to him "As you have come out of water you will be known by the name of _Avja_." And so he passed by the name of Avja (14). Avja then replied:—"O lord I am your son. Confer upon me therefore, O lord of celestials, a share in the sacrificial offerings and a place in this world." Thus addressed and seeing him the Divine Lord spoke to him the truth (15). "The gods, who present themselves at _Yajnas_, have already made apportionments of sacrificial offerings amongst themselves. The great saints too have dedicated various articles of oblation to various gods. Know therefore, I shall not be able to give you any thing however trifling it may be, that is not mentioned in the Vedas. O my son, you have been born after the gods and so you will not be able to partake of sacrificial offerings (16–17). In your second birth you will gain renown in the world. While in the womb you will acquire _Animā Siddhi_⁵⁷ (18). With that body you will acquire the dignity of a god. The twice-born ones will worship you with _Charu_, _Mantra_, vows and _Japas_ (19). You will propagate Ayurveda with its eight divisions. This work, which is sure to come off, is known to you in your watery birth (20). When the second Yuga Dwāpara will set in you will undoubtedly take your birth again." Having conferred this boon on Dhanwantari Vishnu disappeared again (21). Thereupon when the second Dwāpara Yuga set in Sunohotra's son Dirghatapā, the king of Kashi, desirous of having a son, began carrying on hard austerities affording delight to his worshipful deity saying (22)—"I shall lay myself under the protection of that god who will confer on me a son." That king worshipped the deity Avja for a son (23). Thereupon that Divine lord, being pleased with the king, said to him "O you of good vows, I shall grant you any boon that you may choose to have" (24). The king said "O lord, if thou art pleased be born unto me as my illustrious son." Then saying "Let it be so" he disappeared therefrom (25). The deity Dhanwantari was then born in his house. He became the king of Kāshi who could destroy all diseases (26). Having acquired the kowledge of Ayurveda from Bharadwāja he divided the work of the physicians into eight classes and then conferred it upon his disciples (27). Dhanwantari's son was known by the name of Ketumān whose son was the heroic Bhimaratha (28). His son was the king Divodāsa. The pious-souled Divodāsa became the king of Bārānashi (29). O king, at this time the Rakshasa Kshemaka, an attendant of Rudra, made the city of Bārānashi divested of its inhabitants (30). The intelligent and high-souled Nikumbha uttered a curse against Bārānashi saying, "Thou shalt forsooth have none to live in thee for one thousand years" (31). As soon as this curse was pronounced against Bārānashi the king Divodāsa laid out his charming capital on the bank of Gomati (near Bārānashi) (32). Formerly Bārānashi belonged to Bhadrashenya, son of Mahishmān, of the Yadu race. Having slain the hundred sons of Bhadrasenya who were all most excellent bowmen Divodāsa acquired that city. Thus Bhadrasenya was deprived forcibly of his kingdom by the (king Divodāsa) (33–34).

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 71

पितॄणामादिसर्गेण सर्वेषां द्विजसत्तम ।तस्मादेनं स्वधर्मेण श्राद्धदेवं वदन्ति वै

pitṝṇāmādisargeṇa sarveṣāṃ dvijasattama | tasmādenaṃ svadharmeṇa śrāddhadevaṃ vadanti vai

हिन्दी अर्थ

द्विजसत्तम ! (यम) इन सब सात प्रकारके पितरोंके आदिमें उत्पन्न होते हैं और ये अपने धर्मके प्रवर्तक हैं । इस कारण इनको श्राद्धदेव कहते हैं

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 72

सर्वेषां राजतं पात्रमथ वा रजसान्वितम् ।दत्तं स्वधां पुरोधाय श्राद्धं प्रीणाति वै पितॄन्

sarveṣāṃ rājataṃ pātramatha vā rajasānvitam | dattaṃ svadhāṃ purodhāya śrāddhaṃ prīṇāti vai pitṝn

हिन्दी अर्थ

इन सब पितरोंको चाँदीका या चाँदी मिला हुआ पात्र तथा 'स्वधा पितृभ्य:' कहकर दिया हुआ श्राद्ध तृप्ति एवं प्रसन्नता प्रदान करता है

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 73

सोमस्याप्यायनं कृत्वा अग्नेर्वैवस्वतस्य च ।उदगायनमप्यग्नावग्न्यभावेऽप्सु वा पुनः

somasyāpyāyanaṃ kṛtvā agnervaivasvatasya ca | udagāyanamapyagnāvagnyabhāve'psu vā punaḥ

श्लोक 73–75 का हिन्दी अर्थ

जो मनुष्य सोम, अग्नि और वैवस्वत यमका आप्यायन करके फिर अग्रिमें उदगायन करता है अथवा अग्रिके अभावमें जलमें उदगायन करके पितरोंको भक्तिपूर्क तृतत करता है, उसे पितर तृप्त करते हैं तथा बहुत-सी संतान, पुष्टि, स्वर्ग एवं आरोग्य और समस्त अभीष्ट वस्तुएँ प्रदान करते हैं। मुने! पितृकार्य देवकार्यसे भी श्रेष्ठ है

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 74

पितॄन् प्रीणाति यो भक्त्या पितरः प्रीणयन्ति तम् ।यच्छन्ति पितरः पुष्टिं प्रजाश्च विपुलास्तथा

pitṝn prīṇāti yo bhaktyā pitaraḥ prīṇayanti tam | yacchanti pitaraḥ puṣṭiṃ prajāśca vipulāstathā

अर्थ श्लोक 73 के साथ

English

Vaishampāyana said:—O foremost of Bharatas, hear of the birth of Dhanwantari. When ambrosia was being churned out in the days of yore Dhanwantari arose from the ocean. Enveloped completely with personal grace he came out of the vessel of ambrosia. Meditating on Vishnu who grants success in business he stood up as soon as he saw Him (11–13). Vishnu said to him "As you have come out of water you will be known by the name of _Avja_." And so he passed by the name of Avja (14). Avja then replied:—"O lord I am your son. Confer upon me therefore, O lord of celestials, a share in the sacrificial offerings and a place in this world." Thus addressed and seeing him the Divine Lord spoke to him the truth (15). "The gods, who present themselves at _Yajnas_, have already made apportionments of sacrificial offerings amongst themselves. The great saints too have dedicated various articles of oblation to various gods. Know therefore, I shall not be able to give you any thing however trifling it may be, that is not mentioned in the Vedas. O my son, you have been born after the gods and so you will not be able to partake of sacrificial offerings (16–17). In your second birth you will gain renown in the world. While in the womb you will acquire _Animā Siddhi_⁵⁷ (18). With that body you will acquire the dignity of a god. The twice-born ones will worship you with _Charu_, _Mantra_, vows and _Japas_ (19). You will propagate Ayurveda with its eight divisions. This work, which is sure to come off, is known to you in your watery birth (20). When the second Yuga Dwāpara will set in you will undoubtedly take your birth again." Having conferred this boon on Dhanwantari Vishnu disappeared again (21). Thereupon when the second Dwāpara Yuga set in Sunohotra's son Dirghatapā, the king of Kashi, desirous of having a son, began carrying on hard austerities affording delight to his worshipful deity saying (22)—"I shall lay myself under the protection of that god who will confer on me a son." That king worshipped the deity Avja for a son (23). Thereupon that Divine lord, being pleased with the king, said to him "O you of good vows, I shall grant you any boon that you may choose to have" (24). The king said "O lord, if thou art pleased be born unto me as my illustrious son." Then saying "Let it be so" he disappeared therefrom (25). The deity Dhanwantari was then born in his house. He became the king of Kāshi who could destroy all diseases (26). Having acquired the kowledge of Ayurveda from Bharadwāja he divided the work of the physicians into eight classes and then conferred it upon his disciples (27). Dhanwantari's son was known by the name of Ketumān whose son was the heroic Bhimaratha (28). His son was the king Divodāsa. The pious-souled Divodāsa became the king of Bārānashi (29). O king, at this time the Rakshasa Kshemaka, an attendant of Rudra, made the city of Bārānashi divested of its inhabitants (30). The intelligent and high-souled Nikumbha uttered a curse against Bārānashi saying, "Thou shalt forsooth have none to live in thee for one thousand years" (31). As soon as this curse was pronounced against Bārānashi the king Divodāsa laid out his charming capital on the bank of Gomati (near Bārānashi) (32). Formerly Bārānashi belonged to Bhadrashenya, son of Mahishmān, of the Yadu race. Having slain the hundred sons of Bhadrasenya who were all most excellent bowmen Divodāsa acquired that city. Thus Bhadrasenya was deprived forcibly of his kingdom by the (king Divodāsa) (33–34).

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 75

स्वर्गमारोग्यमेवाथ यदन्यदपि चेप्सितम् ।देवकार्यादपि मुने पितृकार्यं विशिष्यते

svargamārogyamevātha yadanyadapi cepsitam | devakāryādapi mune pitṛkāryaṃ viśiṣyate

अर्थ श्लोक 73 के साथ

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 76

देवतानां हि पितरः पूर्वमाप्यायनं स्मृतम् ।शीघ्रप्रसादा ह्यक्रोधा लोकस्याप्यायनं परम्

devatānāṃ hi pitaraḥ pūrvamāpyāyanaṃ smṛtam | śīghraprasādā hyakrodhā lokasyāpyāyanaṃ param

हिन्दी अर्थ

पितर आप्यायन (तृप्त) करनेपर देवताओंसे भी पहले प्रसन्न हो जाते हैं। ये पितर शीघ्र प्रसन्न होनेवाले तथा क्रोधरहित हैं और लोकोंको प्रसन्न रखनेवाले हैं

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 77

स्थिरप्रसादाश्च सदा तान् नमस्यस्व भार्गव ।पितृभक्तोऽसि विप्रर्षे मद्भक्तश्च विशेषतः

sthiraprasādāśca sadā tān namasyasva bhārgava | pitṛbhakto'si viprarṣe madbhaktaśca viśeṣataḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

(सनत्कुमारजी मार्कण्डेय ऋषिसे कहते हैं—) भार्गव! पितरोंका प्रसाद सदा स्थिर रहनेवाला होता है, इसलिये तुम उन्हें प्रणाम किया करो। विप्रषें ! तुम पितरोंके भक्त हो और मेरे तो बहुत बड़े भक्त हो

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 78

श्रेयस्तेऽद्य विधास्यामि प्रत्यक्षं कुरु तत्स्वयम् ।दिव्यं चक्षुः सविज्ञानं प्रदिशामि च तेऽनघ

śreyaste'dya vidhāsyāmi pratyakṣaṃ kuru tatsvayam | divyaṃ cakṣuḥ savijñānaṃ pradiśāmi ca te'nagha

हिन्दी अर्थ

निष्पाप महर्षे! इसलिये मैं आज तुम्हारा कल्याण करूँगा, उसे तुम स्वयं प्रत्यक्ष देख लो। मैं तुम्हें विज्ञानसहित दिव्य नेत्र प्रदान करता हूँ

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 79

गतिमेतामप्रमत्तो मार्कण्डेय निशामय ।न हि योगगतिर्दिव्या पितॄणां च परा गतिः

gatimetāmapramatto mārkaṇḍeya niśāmaya | na hi yogagatirdivyā pitṝṇāṃ ca parā gatiḥ

श्लोक 79–81 का हिन्दी अर्थ

मार्कण्डेय! अब तुम (श्राद्के फलरूपमें मिलनेवाली) इस गतिको सावधान होकर देखो । तुम- जैसा सिद्ध पुरुष भी इस मांसमय चक्षुसे योगियोंकी दिव्य गतिको और पितरोंकी परा गतिको नहीं देख सकता। यों कहकर वे देवेश सामने खड़े हुए मुझको देवताओंके लिये भी दुर्लभ विज्ञानसहित दिव्य नेत्र देकर द्वितीय अग्रिके समान प्रकाशित होते हुए अपने इष्ट- स्थानको चले गये

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 80

त्वद्विधेनापि सिद्धेन दृश्यते मांसचक्षुषा ।स एवमुक्त्वा देवेशो मामुपस्थितमग्रतः

tvadvidhenāpi siddhena dṛśyate māṃsacakṣuṣā | sa evamuktvā deveśo māmupasthitamagrataḥ

अर्थ श्लोक 79 के साथ

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 81

चक्षुर्दत्त्वा सविज्ञानं देवानामपि दुर्लभम् ।जगाम गतिमिष्टां वै द्धितीयोऽग्निरिव ज्वलन्

cakṣurdattvā savijñānaṃ devānāmapi durlabham | jagāma gatimiṣṭāṃ vai ddhitīyo'gniriva jvalan

अर्थ श्लोक 79 के साथ

अध्याय 18

श्लोक 82

तन्निबोध कुरुश्रेष्ठ यन्मयासीन्निशामितम् ।प्रसादात्तस्य देवस्य दुर्ज्ञेयं भुवि मानुषैः

tannibodha kuruśreṣṭha yanmayāsīnniśāmitam | prasādāttasya devasya durjñeyaṃ bhuvi mānuṣaiḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

कुरुश्रेष्ठ भीष्म! उन देवताकी कृपासे मैंने जो घटना देखी थी, उसे तुम सुनो । पृथिवीमें उस घटनाका जानना मनुष्योंके लिये महा कठिन है

English

Vaishampāyana said:—O foremost of Bharatas, hear of the birth of Dhanwantari. When ambrosia was being churned out in the days of yore Dhanwantari arose from the ocean. Enveloped completely with personal grace he came out of the vessel of ambrosia. Meditating on Vishnu who grants success in business he stood up as soon as he saw Him (11–13). Vishnu said to him "As you have come out of water you will be known by the name of _Avja_." And so he passed by the name of Avja (14). Avja then replied:—"O lord I am your son. Confer upon me therefore, O lord of celestials, a share in the sacrificial offerings and a place in this world." Thus addressed and seeing him the Divine Lord spoke to him the truth (15). "The gods, who present themselves at _Yajnas_, have already made apportionments of sacrificial offerings amongst themselves. The great saints too have dedicated various articles of oblation to various gods. Know therefore, I shall not be able to give you any thing however trifling it may be, that is not mentioned in the Vedas. O my son, you have been born after the gods and so you will not be able to partake of sacrificial offerings (16–17). In your second birth you will gain renown in the world. While in the womb you will acquire _Animā Siddhi_⁵⁷ (18). With that body you will acquire the dignity of a god. The twice-born ones will worship you with _Charu_, _Mantra_, vows and _Japas_ (19). You will propagate Ayurveda with its eight divisions. This work, which is sure to come off, is known to you in your watery birth (20). When the second Yuga Dwāpara will set in you will undoubtedly take your birth again." Having conferred this boon on Dhanwantari Vishnu disappeared again (21). Thereupon when the second Dwāpara Yuga set in Sunohotra's son Dirghatapā, the king of Kashi, desirous of having a son, began carrying on hard austerities affording delight to his worshipful deity saying (22)—"I shall lay myself under the protection of that god who will confer on me a son." That king worshipped the deity Avja for a son (23). Thereupon that Divine lord, being pleased with the king, said to him "O you of good vows, I shall grant you any boon that you may choose to have" (24). The king said "O lord, if thou art pleased be born unto me as my illustrious son." Then saying "Let it be so" he disappeared therefrom (25). The deity Dhanwantari was then born in his house. He became the king of Kāshi who could destroy all diseases (26). Having acquired the kowledge of Ayurveda from Bharadwāja he divided the work of the physicians into eight classes and then conferred it upon his disciples (27). Dhanwantari's son was known by the name of Ketumān whose son was the heroic Bhimaratha (28). His son was the king Divodāsa. The pious-souled Divodāsa became the king of Bārānashi (29). O king, at this time the Rakshasa Kshemaka, an attendant of Rudra, made the city of Bārānashi divested of its inhabitants (30). The intelligent and high-souled Nikumbha uttered a curse against Bārānashi saying, "Thou shalt forsooth have none to live in thee for one thousand years" (31). As soon as this curse was pronounced against Bārānashi the king Divodāsa laid out his charming capital on the bank of Gomati (near Bārānashi) (32). Formerly Bārānashi belonged to Bhadrashenya, son of Mahishmān, of the Yadu race. Having slain the hundred sons of Bhadrasenya who were all most excellent bowmen Divodāsa acquired that city. Thus Bhadrasenya was deprived forcibly of his kingdom by the (king Divodāsa) (33–34).

स्रोत: local proofread transcription: Sanskrit shlokas of the Harivamsa (Harivamsha, Vishnu and Bhavishya parvas) from sanskritdocuments.org. One chapter per adhyaya; verse numbers as printed in the source (restarting in each adhyaya). Appendix sections are not included. · प्राप्त 19/10/2026

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शास्त्रीय प्रामाणिकता एवं पारदर्शकताSources & Interpretation

स्रोत, संस्करण एवं व्याख्या वर्गीकरण

धर्म ग्रंथ पर मूल शास्त्र, पारंपरिक भाष्य और आधुनिक व्याख्या को पूर्णतः पृथक रखा जाता है ताकि पाठक को किसी भी व्याख्या के शास्त्र होने का भ्रम न हो।

सामग्री वर्गीकरण संकेत (Epistemic Content Labels)

6 स्तरिय प्रमाण व्यवस्था
मूल पाठOriginal text

अपौरुषेय / प्रामाणिक शास्त्र (Primary Canonical Scripture)

मूल संस्कृत, प्राकृत अथवा अवधी श्लोक/मंत्र। यह सर्वोच्च प्रमाण (प्रस्थान) है। इस पाठ में किसी भी आधुनिक व्याख्याकार का हस्तक्षेप नहीं है।

शाब्दिक अनुवादLiteral translation

पदार्थ व अन्वय (Direct Grammatical & Word-for-Word Meaning)

व्याकरणसम्मत प्रत्यक्ष शब्दार्थ (अन्वय)। बिना किसी दार्शनिक संप्रदाय के पूर्वाग्रह के, संस्कृत शब्दों का सटीक भाषांतर।

पारंपरिक भाष्यTraditional commentary

आचार्य परंपरा व टीका (Classical Lineage Commentary)

प्राचीन आचार्य परंपरा (यथा शंकराचार्य, रामानुजाचार्य, मध्वाचार्य, श्रीधर स्वामी) द्वारा विरचित शास्त्रीय भाष्य व टीकाएं।

सरल व्याख्याSimple explanation

भावार्थ व सुबोध प्रबोधन (Accessible Pedagogical Exposition)

आधुनिक जिज्ञासुओं के लिए सरल भाषा में भावार्थ। यह मूल मंत्र नहीं, बल्कि पाठ को सुगम बनाने हेतु संपादकीय व्याख्या है।

आधुनिक चिंतनModern reflection

समसामयिक विमर्श व अनुप्रयोग (Contemporary Application & Analysis)

दार्शनिक, मनोवैज्ञानिक व वैज्ञानिक समरूपताओं पर आधुनिक चिंतन। यह मूल शास्त्र का अंग नहीं है और इसे शास्त्रोक्त सिद्धांत के रूप में नहीं देखा जाना चाहिए।

शोध टिप्पणीResearch note

पांडुलिपि एवं ऐतिहासिक शोध (Critical Apparatus & Manuscript Research)

पांडुलिपि विविधताएं, पाठ-भेद (variant readings), छंद रचना, और ऐतिहासिक व तुलनात्मक भाषावैज्ञानिक शोध। यह शास्त्र का मूल संदेश बदलने हेतु नहीं, बल्कि पाठ की प्रामाणिकता परखने के लिए है।

पाठ-भेद एवं संशोधनVariants & corrections

पाठ-भेद टिप्पणी (Alternative Reading / Variant Notes):

Collated with BORI Critical Edition of Mahabharata Khilaparvan.