Brihadaranyaka Upanishad
20
अध्याय 20 / 47

Adhyāya 3 · Brāhmaṇa 8

12 श्लोक

पूर्ण अध्याय पाठ12 श्लोक

अध्याय 20

श्लोक 3.8.1

अथ ह वाचक्नव्युवाच ब्राह्मणा भगवन्तो हन्ताहमिमं द्वौ प्रश्नौ प्रक्ष्यामि तौ चेन्मे वक्ष्यति न वै जातु युष्माकमिमं कश्चिद्ब्रह्मोद्यं जेतेति ।पृच्छ गार्गीति

atha ha vācaknavyuvāca brāhmaṇā bhagavanto hantāhamimaṃ dvau praśnau prakṣyāmi tau cenme vakṣyati na vai jātu yuṣmākamimaṃ kaścidbrahmodyaṃ jeteti | pṛccha gārgīti

English

Then Vâkaknavî said: 'Venerable Brâhmanas, I shall ask him two questions. If he will answer them, none of you, I think, will defeat him in any argument concerning Brahman.' Yâgñavalkya said: 'Ask, O Gârgî.'

अध्याय 20

श्लोक 3.8.2

सा होवाचाहं वै त्वा याज्ञवल्क्य यथा काश्यो वा वैदेहो वोग्रपुत्र उज्ज्यं धनुरधिज्यं कृत्वा द्वौ बाणवन्तौ सपत्नातिव्याधिनौ हस्ते कृत्वोपोत्तिष्ठेदेवमेवाहं त्वा द्वाभ्यां प्रश्नाभ्यामुपोदस्थाम् ।तौ मे ब्रूहीति ।पृच्छ गार्गीति

sā hovācāhaṃ vai tvā yājñavalkya yathā kāśyo vā vaideho vograputra ujjyaṃ dhanuradhijyaṃ kṛtvā dvau bāṇavantau sapatnātivyādhinau haste kṛtvopottiṣṭhedevamevāhaṃ tvā dvābhyāṃ praśnābhyāmupodasthām | tau me brūhīti | pṛccha gārgīti

English

She said: 'O Yâgñavalkya, as the son of a warrior from the Kâsîs or Videhas might string his loosened bow, take two pointed foe-piercing arrows in his hand and rise to do battle, I have risen to fight thee with two questions. Answer me these questions.' Yâgñavalkya said: 'Ask, O Gârgî.'

अध्याय 20

श्लोक 3.8.3

सा होवाच यदूर्ध्वं याज्ञवल्क्य दिवो यदवाक्पृथिव्या यदन्तरा द्यावापृथिवी इमे यद्भूतं च भवच्च भविष्यच्चेत्याचक्षते कस्मिँस्तदोतं च प्रोतं चेति

sā hovāca yadūrdhvaṃ yājñavalkya divo yadavākpṛthivyā yadantarā dyāvāpṛthivī ime yadbhūtaṃ ca bhavacca bhaviṣyaccetyācakṣate kasmim̐stadotaṃ ca protaṃ ceti

English

She said: 'O Yâgñavalkya, that of which they say that it is above the heavens, beneath the earth, embracing heaven and earth , past, present, and future, tell me in what is it woven, like warp and woof?'

अध्याय 20

श्लोक 3.8.4

स होवाच यदूर्ध्वं गार्गि दिवो यदवाक्पृथिव्या यदन्तरा द्यावापृथिवी इमे यद्भूतं च भवच्च भविष्यच्चेत्याचक्षत आकाशे तदोतं च प्रोतं चेति

sa hovāca yadūrdhvaṃ gārgi divo yadavākpṛthivyā yadantarā dyāvāpṛthivī ime yadbhūtaṃ ca bhavacca bhaviṣyaccetyācakṣata ākāśe tadotaṃ ca protaṃ ceti

English

Yâgñavalkya said: 'That of which they say that it is above the heavens, beneath the earth, embracing heaven and earth, past, present, and future, that is woven, like warp and woof, in the ether (âkâsa).'

अध्याय 20

श्लोक 3.8.5

सा होवाच नमस्तेऽस्तु याज्ञवल्क्य यो म एतं व्यवोचोऽपरस्मै धारयस्वेति ।पृच्छ गार्गीति

sā hovāca namaste'stu yājñavalkya yo ma etaṃ vyavoco'parasmai dhārayasveti | pṛccha gārgīti

English

She said: 'I bow to thee, O Yâgñavalkya, who hast solved me that question. Get thee ready for the second.' Yâgñavalkya said : 'Ask, O Gârgî.'

अध्याय 20

श्लोक 3.8.6

सा होवाच यदूर्ध्वं याज्ञवल्क्य दिवो यदवाक् पृथिव्याः यदन्तरा द्यावापृथिवी इमे यद्भूतं च भवच्च भविष्यच्चेत्याचक्षते आचक्षते कस्मिँस्तदोतं च प्रोतं चेति

sā hovāca yadūrdhvaṃ yājñavalkya divo yadavāk pṛthivyāḥ yadantarā dyāvāpṛthivī ime yadbhūtaṃ ca bhavacca bhaviṣyaccetyācakṣate ācakṣate kasmim̐stadotaṃ ca protaṃ ceti

English

She said: 'O Yâgñavalkya, that of which they say that it is above the heavens, beneath the earth, embracing heaven and earth, past, present, and future, tell me in what is it woven, like warp and woof?'

अध्याय 20

श्लोक 3.8.7

स होवाच यदूर्ध्वं गार्गि दिवो यदवाक्पृथिव्या यदन्तरा द्यावापृथिवी इमे यद्भूतं च भवच्च भविष्यच्चेत्याचक्षत आकाश एव तदोतं च प्रोतं चेति ।कस्मिन्नु खल्वाकाश ओतश्च प्रोतश्चेति

sa hovāca yadūrdhvaṃ gārgi divo yadavākpṛthivyā yadantarā dyāvāpṛthivī ime yadbhūtaṃ ca bhavacca bhaviṣyaccetyācakṣata ākāśa eva tadotaṃ ca protaṃ ceti | kasminnu khalvākāśa otaśca protaśceti

English

Yâgñavalkya said: 'That of which they say that it is above the heavens, beneath the earth, embracing heaven and earth, past, present, and future, that is woven, like warp and woof, in the ether.' Gârgî said: 'In what then is the ether woven, like warp and woof?'

अध्याय 20

श्लोक 3.8.8

स होवाचैतद्वै तदक्षरऽ गार्गि ब्राह्मणा अभिवदन्त्यस्थूलमनण्वह्रस्वमदीर्घमलोहितमस्नेहमच्छायमतमो- ऽवाय्वनाकाशमसङ्गं अचक्षुष्कमश्रोत्रमवाग् अमनोऽतेजस्कमप्राणममुखममात्रं अनन्तरमबाह्यं न तदश्नाति किं चन न तदश्नाति कश्चन

sa hovācaitadvai tadakṣara' gārgi brāhmaṇā abhivadantyasthūlamanaṇvahrasvamadīrghamalohitamasnehamacchāyamatamo- 'vāyvanākāśamasaṅgaṃ acakṣuṣkamaśrotramavāg amano'tejaskamaprāṇamamukhamamātraṃ anantaramabāhyaṃ na tadaśnāti kiṃ cana na tadaśnāti kaścana

English

He said: 'O Gârgî, the Brâhmanas call this the Akshara (the imperishable). It is neither coarse nor fine, neither short nor long, neither red (like fire) nor fluid (like water); it is without shadow, without darkness, without air, without ether, without attachment , without taste, without smell, without eyes, without ears, without speech, without mind, without light (vigour), without breath, without a mouth (or door), without measure, having no within and no without, it devours nothing, and no one devours it.'

अध्याय 20

श्लोक 3.8.9

एतस्य वा अक्षरस्य प्रशासने गार्गि सूर्याचन्द्रमसौ विधृतौ तिष्ठत एतस्य वा अक्षरस्य प्रशासने गार्गि द्यावापृथिव्यौ विधृते तिष्ठत एतस्य वा अक्षरस्य प्रशासने गार्गि निमेषा मुहूर्ता अहोरात्राण्यर्धमासा मासा ऋतवः संवत्सरा इति विधृतास्तिष्ठन्त्येतस्य वा अक्षरस्य प्रशासने गार्गि प्राच्योऽन्या नद्यः स्यन्दन्ते श्वेतेभ्यः पर्वतेभ्यः प्रतीच्योऽन्या यां यां च दिशमन्वेतस्य वा अक्षरस्य प्रशासने गार्गि ददतो मनुष्याः प्रशँसन्ति यजमानं देवा दर्वीं पितरोऽन्वायत्ताः

etasya vā akṣarasya praśāsane gārgi sūryācandramasau vidhṛtau tiṣṭhata etasya vā akṣarasya praśāsane gārgi dyāvāpṛthivyau vidhṛte tiṣṭhata etasya vā akṣarasya praśāsane gārgi nimeṣā muhūrtā ahorātrāṇyardhamāsā māsā ṛtavaḥ saṃvatsarā iti vidhṛtāstiṣṭhantyetasya vā akṣarasya praśāsane gārgi prācyo'nyā nadyaḥ syandante śvetebhyaḥ parvatebhyaḥ pratīcyo'nyā yāṃ yāṃ ca diśamanvetasya vā akṣarasya praśāsane gārgi dadato manuṣyāḥ praśam̐santi yajamānaṃ devā darvīṃ pitaro'nvāyattāḥ

English

'By the command of that Akshara (the imperishable), O Gârgî, sun and moon stand apart . By the command of that Akshara, O Gârgî, heaven and earth stand apart. By the command of that Akshara, O Gârgî, what are called moments (nimesha), hours (muhûrta), days and nights, half-months, months, seasons, years, all stand apart. By the command of that Akshara, O Gârgî, some rivers flow to the East from the white mountains, others to the West, or to any other quarter. By the command of that Akshara, O Gârgî, men praise those who give, the gods follow the sacrificer, the fathers the Darvî-offering.'

अध्याय 20

श्लोक 3.8.10

यो वा एतदक्षरं गार्ग्यविदित्वाऽस्मिँल्लोके जुहोति यजते तपस्तप्यते बहूनि वर्षसहस्राण्यन्तवदेवास्य तद्भवति लोको भवति यो वा एतदक्षरं गार्ग्यविदित्वाऽस्माल्लोकात्प्रैति स कृपणोऽथ य एतदक्षरं गार्गि विदित्वाऽस्माल्लोकात्प्रैति स ब्राह्मणः

yo vā etadakṣaraṃ gārgyaviditvā'smim̐lloke juhoti yajate tapastapyate bahūni varṣasahasrāṇyantavadevāsya tadbhavati loko bhavati yo vā etadakṣaraṃ gārgyaviditvā'smāllokātpraiti sa kṛpaṇo'tha ya etadakṣaraṃ gārgi viditvā'smāllokātpraiti sa brāhmaṇaḥ

English

'Whosoever, O Gârgî, without knowing that Akshara (the imperishable), offers oblations in this world, sacrifices, and performs penance for a thousand years, his work will have an end. Whosoever, O Gargî, without knowing this Akshara, departs this world, he is miserable (like a slave) . But he, O Gârgî, who departs this world, knowing this Akshara, he is a Brâhmana.'

अध्याय 20

श्लोक 3.8.11

तद्वा एतदक्षरं गार्ग्यदृष्टं द्रष्टृश्रुतँ श्रोत्त्रमतं मन्त्रविज्ञातं विज्ञातृ नान्यदतोऽस्ति द्रष्टृ नान्यदतोऽस्ति श्रोतृ नान्यदतोऽस्ति मन्तृ नान्यदतोऽस्ति विज्ञात्त्रेतस्मिन्नु खल्वक्षरे गार्ग्याकाश ओतश्च प्रोतश्चेति

tadvā etadakṣaraṃ gārgyadṛṣṭaṃ draṣṭṛśrutam̐ śrottramataṃ mantravijñātaṃ vijñātṛ nānyadato'sti draṣṭṛ nānyadato'sti śrotṛ nānyadato'sti mantṛ nānyadato'sti vijñāttretasminnu khalvakṣare gārgyākāśa otaśca protaśceti

English

'That Brahman,' O Gârgî, 'is unseen, but seeing; unheard, but hearing; unperceived, but perceiving; unknown, but knowing. There is nothing that sees but it, nothing that hears but it, nothing that perceives but it, nothing that knows but it. In that Akshara then, O Gârgî, the ether is woven, like warp and woof.'

अध्याय 20

श्लोक 3.8.12

सा होवाच ब्राह्मणा भगवन्तस्तदेव बहु मन्येध्वं यदस्मान्नमस्कारेण मुच्येध्वं न वै जातु युष्माकमिमं कश्चिद्ब्रह्मोद्यं जेतेति ततो ह वाचक्नव्युपरराम

sā hovāca brāhmaṇā bhagavantastadeva bahu manyedhvaṃ yadasmānnamaskāreṇa mucyedhvaṃ na vai jātu yuṣmākamimaṃ kaścidbrahmodyaṃ jeteti tato ha vācaknavyupararāma

English

Then said Gargî: 'Venerable Brâhmans, you may consider it a great thing, if you get off by bowing before him. No one, I believe, will defeat him in any argument concerning Brahman.' After that Vâkaknavî held her peace.

स्रोत: https://sanskritdocuments.org/doc_upanishhat/bribasic.itx · प्राप्त 20/10/2026

धर्म ग्रंथ निःशुल्क और विज्ञापन-रहित है। Dharma Granth is free and has no ads. इसे ऐसा बनाए रखने में सहयोग करेंHelp keep it that way → How it is funded

शास्त्रीय प्रामाणिकता एवं पारदर्शकताSources & Interpretation

स्रोत, संस्करण एवं व्याख्या वर्गीकरण

धर्म ग्रंथ पर मूल शास्त्र, पारंपरिक भाष्य और आधुनिक व्याख्या को पूर्णतः पृथक रखा जाता है ताकि पाठक को किसी भी व्याख्या के शास्त्र होने का भ्रम न हो।

सामग्री वर्गीकरण संकेत (Epistemic Content Labels)

6 स्तरिय प्रमाण व्यवस्था
मूल पाठOriginal text

अपौरुषेय / प्रामाणिक शास्त्र (Primary Canonical Scripture)

मूल संस्कृत, प्राकृत अथवा अवधी श्लोक/मंत्र। यह सर्वोच्च प्रमाण (प्रस्थान) है। इस पाठ में किसी भी आधुनिक व्याख्याकार का हस्तक्षेप नहीं है।

शाब्दिक अनुवादLiteral translation

पदार्थ व अन्वय (Direct Grammatical & Word-for-Word Meaning)

व्याकरणसम्मत प्रत्यक्ष शब्दार्थ (अन्वय)। बिना किसी दार्शनिक संप्रदाय के पूर्वाग्रह के, संस्कृत शब्दों का सटीक भाषांतर।

पारंपरिक भाष्यTraditional commentary

आचार्य परंपरा व टीका (Classical Lineage Commentary)

प्राचीन आचार्य परंपरा (यथा शंकराचार्य, रामानुजाचार्य, मध्वाचार्य, श्रीधर स्वामी) द्वारा विरचित शास्त्रीय भाष्य व टीकाएं।

सरल व्याख्याSimple explanation

भावार्थ व सुबोध प्रबोधन (Accessible Pedagogical Exposition)

आधुनिक जिज्ञासुओं के लिए सरल भाषा में भावार्थ। यह मूल मंत्र नहीं, बल्कि पाठ को सुगम बनाने हेतु संपादकीय व्याख्या है।

आधुनिक चिंतनModern reflection

समसामयिक विमर्श व अनुप्रयोग (Contemporary Application & Analysis)

दार्शनिक, मनोवैज्ञानिक व वैज्ञानिक समरूपताओं पर आधुनिक चिंतन। यह मूल शास्त्र का अंग नहीं है और इसे शास्त्रोक्त सिद्धांत के रूप में नहीं देखा जाना चाहिए।

शोध टिप्पणीResearch note

पांडुलिपि एवं ऐतिहासिक शोध (Critical Apparatus & Manuscript Research)

पांडुलिपि विविधताएं, पाठ-भेद (variant readings), छंद रचना, और ऐतिहासिक व तुलनात्मक भाषावैज्ञानिक शोध। यह शास्त्र का मूल संदेश बदलने हेतु नहीं, बल्कि पाठ की प्रामाणिकता परखने के लिए है।