Brihadaranyaka Upanishad
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अध्याय 21 / 47

Adhyāya 3 · Brāhmaṇa 9

28 श्लोक

पूर्ण अध्याय पाठ28 श्लोक

अध्याय 21

श्लोक 3.9.1

अथ हैनं विदग्धः शाकल्यः पप्रच्छ कति देवा याज्ञवल्क्येति ।स हैतयैव निविदा प्रतिपेदे यावन्तो वैश्वदेवस्य निविद्युच्यन्ते त्रयश्च त्री च शता त्रयश्च त्री च सहस्रेत्योमिति होवाच कत्येव देवा याज्ञवल्क्येति ।त्रयस्त्रिँशदित्योमिति होवाच ।कत्येव देवा याज्ञवल्क्येति ।षडित्योमिति होवाच ।कत्येव देवा याज्ञवल्क्येति ।त्रय इत्योमिति होवाच ।कत्येव देवा याज्ञवल्क्येत्य्द्वावित्योमिति होवाच ।कत्येव देवा याज्ञवल्क्येत्यध्यर्ध इत्योमिति होवाच ।कत्येव देवा याज्ञवल्क्येत्येक इत्योमिति होवाच ।कतमे ते त्रयश्च त्री च शता त्रयश्च त्री च सहस्रेति

atha hainaṃ vidagdhaḥ śākalyaḥ papraccha kati devā yājñavalkyeti | sa haitayaiva nividā pratipede yāvanto vaiśvadevasya nividyucyante trayaśca trī ca śatā trayaśca trī ca sahasretyomiti hovāca katyeva devā yājñavalkyeti | trayastrim̐śadityomiti hovāca | katyeva devā yājñavalkyeti | ṣaḍityomiti hovāca | katyeva devā yājñavalkyeti | traya ityomiti hovāca | katyeva devā yājñavalkyetydvāvityomiti hovāca | katyeva devā yājñavalkyetyadhyardha ityomiti hovāca | katyeva devā yājñavalkyetyeka ityomiti hovāca | katame te trayaśca trī ca śatā trayaśca trī ca sahasreti

English

Then Vidagdha Sâkalya asked him : 'How many gods are there, O Yâgñavalkya?' He replied with this very Nivid : 'As many as are mentioned in the Nivid of the hymn of praise addressed to the Visvedevas, viz. three and three hundred, three and three thousand .' 'Yes,' he said, and asked again: 'How many gods are there really, O Yâgñavalkya?' 'Thirty-three,' he said. 'Yes,' he said, and asked again: 'How many gods are there really, O Yâgñavalkya?' 'Six,' he said. 'Yes,' he said, and asked again: 'How many gods are there really, O Yâgñavalkya?' 'Three,' he said. 'Yes,' he said, and asked again: 'How many gods are there really, O Yâgñavalkya?' 'Two,' he said. 'Yes,' he said, and asked again: 'How many gods are there really, O Yâgñavalkya?' 'One and a half (adhyardha),' he said. 'Yes,' he said, and asked again: 'How many gods are there really, O Yâgñavalkya?' 'One,' he said. 'Yes,' he said, and asked: 'Who are these three and three hundred, three and three thousand?'

अध्याय 21

श्लोक 3.9.2

स होवाच महिमान एवैषामेते त्रयस्त्रिँशत्त्वेव देवा इति कतमे ते त्रयस्त्रिँशदित्यष्टौ वसव एकादश रुद्रा द्वादशाऽऽदित्यास्ते एकत्रिँशदिन्द्रश्चैव प्रजापतिश्च त्रयस्त्रिँशाविति

sa hovāca mahimāna evaiṣāmete trayastrim̐śattveva devā iti katame te trayastrim̐śadityaṣṭau vasava ekādaśa rudrā dvādaśā''dityāste ekatrim̐śadindraścaiva prajāpatiśca trayastrim̐śāviti

English

Yâgñavalkya replied: 'They are only the various powers of them, in reality there are only thirty-three gods .' He asked: 'Who are those thirty-three?' Yâgñavalkya replied: 'The eight Vasus, the eleven Rudras, the twelve Âdityas. They make thirty-one, and Indra and Pragâpati make the thirty-three .'

अध्याय 21

श्लोक 3.9.3

कतमे वसव इत्यग्निश्च पृथिवी च वायुश्चान्तरिक्षं चाऽऽदित्यश्च द्यौश्च चन्द्रमाश्च नक्षत्राणि चैते वसव एतेषु हीदं वसु सर्वँ हितमिति तस्माद्वसव इति

katame vasava ityagniśca pṛthivī ca vāyuścāntarikṣaṃ cā''dityaśca dyauśca candramāśca nakṣatrāṇi caite vasava eteṣu hīdaṃ vasu sarvam̐ hitamiti tasmādvasava iti

English

He asked: 'Who are the Vasus.' Yâgñavalkya replied: 'Agni (fire), Prithivî (earth), Vâyu (air), Antariksha (sky), Âditya (sun), Dyu (heaven), Kandramas (moon), the Nakshatras (stars), these are the Vasus, for in them all that dwells (this world) rests; and therefore they are called Vasus.'

अध्याय 21

श्लोक 3.9.4

कतमे रुद्रा इति ।दशेमे पुरुषे प्राणा आत्मैकादशस्ते यदाऽस्माच्छरीरान्मर्त्यादुत्क्रामन्त्यथ रोदयन्ति तद्यद्रोदयन्ति तस्माद्रुद्रा इति

katame rudrā iti | daśeme puruṣe prāṇā ātmaikādaśaste yadā'smāccharīrānmartyādutkrāmantyatha rodayanti tadyadrodayanti tasmādrudrā iti

English

He asked: 'Who are the Rudras?' Yâgñavalkya replied: 'These ten vital breaths (prânas, the senses, i.e. the five gñânendriyas, and the five karmendriyas), and Âtman , as the eleventh. When they depart from this mortal body, they make us cry (rodayanti), and because they make us cry, they are called Rudras.'

अध्याय 21

श्लोक 3.9.5

कतम आदित्या इति ।द्वादश वै मासाः संवत्सरस्यैत आदित्या एते हीदँ सर्वमाददाना यन्ति ते यदिदँ सर्वमाददाना यन्ति तस्मादादित्या इति

katama ādityā iti | dvādaśa vai māsāḥ saṃvatsarasyaita ādityā ete hīdam̐ sarvamādadānā yanti te yadidam̐ sarvamādadānā yanti tasmādādityā iti

English

He asked: 'Who are the Âdityas?' Yâgñavalkya replied: 'The twelve months of the year, and they are Âdityas, because they move along (yanti), taking up everything (âdadânâh). Because they move along, taking up everything, therefore they are called Âdityas.'

अध्याय 21

श्लोक 3.9.6

कतम इन्द्रः कतमः प्रजापतिरिति ।स्तनयित्नुरेवेन्द्रो यज्ञः प्रजापतिरिति ।कतमः स्तनयित्नुरित्यशनिरिति ।कतमो यज्ञ इति ।पशव इति

katama indraḥ katamaḥ prajāpatiriti | stanayitnurevendro yajñaḥ prajāpatiriti | katamaḥ stanayitnurityaśaniriti | katamo yajña iti | paśava iti

English

He asked: 'And who is Indra, and who is Pragâpati?' Yâgñavalkya replied: 'Indra is thunder, Pragâpati is the sacrifice.' He asked: 'And what is the thunder?' Yâgñavalkya replied: 'The thunderbolt.' He asked: 'And what is the sacrifice?' Yâgñavalkya replied: 'The (sacrificial) animals.'

अध्याय 21

श्लोक 3.9.7

कतमे षडित्यग्निश्च पृथिवी च वायुश्चान्तरिक्षं चाऽऽदित्यश्च द्यौश्चैते षड् एते हीदँ सर्वं षडिति

katame ṣaḍityagniśca pṛthivī ca vāyuścāntarikṣaṃ cā''dityaśca dyauścaite ṣaḍ ete hīdam̐ sarvaṃ ṣaḍiti

English

He asked: 'Who are the six?' Yâgñavalkya replied: 'Agni (fire), Prithivî (earth), Vâyu (air), Antariksha (sky), Âditya (sun), Dyu (heaven), they are the six, for they are all this, the six.'

अध्याय 21

श्लोक 3.9.8

कतमे ते त्रयो देवा इति इम एव त्रयो लोका एषु हीमे सर्वे देवा इति ।कतमौ तौ द्वौ देवावित्यन्नं चैव प्राणश्चेति ।कतमोऽध्यर्ध इति ।योऽयं पवत इति

katame te trayo devā iti ima eva trayo lokā eṣu hīme sarve devā iti | katamau tau dvau devāvityannaṃ caiva prāṇaśceti | katamo'dhyardha iti | yo'yaṃ pavata iti

English

He asked: 'Who are the three gods?' Yâgñavalkya replied: 'These three worlds, for in them all these gods exist.' He asked: 'Who are the two gods?' Yâgñavalkya replied: 'Food and breath.' He asked: 'Who is the one god and a half?' Yâgñavalkya replied: 'He that blows.'

अध्याय 21

श्लोक 3.9.9

तदाहुर्यदयमेक एव एक इवैव पवते ।आथ कथमध्यर्ध इति ।यदस्मिन्निदँ सर्वमध्यार्ध्नोत् तेनाध्यर्ध इति ।कतम एको देव इति ।प्राण इति स ब्रह्म त्यदित्याचक्षते

tadāhuryadayameka eva eka ivaiva pavate |ātha kathamadhyardha iti | yadasminnidam̐ sarvamadhyārdhnot tenādhyardha iti | katama eko deva iti | prāṇa iti sa brahma tyadityācakṣate

English

Here they say: 'How is it that he who blows like one only, should be called one and a half (adhyardha)?' And the answer is: 'Because, when the wind was blowing, everything grew (adhyardhnot).' He asked: 'Who is the one god?' Yâgñavalkya replied: 'Breath (prâna), and he is Brahman (the Sûtrâtman), and they call him That (tyad).'

अध्याय 21

श्लोक 3.9.10

पृथिव्येव यस्याऽऽयतनमग्निर्लोको मनो ज्योतिर्यो वै तं पुरुषं विद्यात्सर्वस्याऽऽत्मनः परायणँ, परायणं स वै वेदिता स्याद् याज्ञवल्क्य ।वेद वा अहं तं पुरुषँ सर्वस्याऽऽत्मनः परायणं यमात्थ य एवायँ शारीरः पुरुषः स एष ।वदैव शाकल्य तस्य का देवतेत्यमृतमिति होवाच

pṛthivyeva yasyā''yatanamagnirloko mano jyotiryo vai taṃ puruṣaṃ vidyātsarvasyā''tmanaḥ parāyaṇam̐, parāyaṇaṃ sa vai veditā syād yājñavalkya | veda vā ahaṃ taṃ puruṣam̐ sarvasyā''tmanaḥ parāyaṇaṃ yamāttha ya evāyam̐ śārīraḥ puruṣaḥ sa eṣa | vadaiva śākalya tasya kā devatetyamṛtamiti hovāca

English

Sâkalya said : 'Whosoever knows that person (or god) whose dwelling (body) is the earth, whose sight (world) is fire , whose mind is light,--the principle of every (living) self, he indeed is a teacher, O Yâgñavalkya.' Yâgñavalkya said: 'I know that person, the principle of every self, of whom thou speakest. This corporeal (material, earthy) person, "he is he." But tell me , Sâkalya, who is his devatâ (deity)?' Sâkalya replied: 'The Immortal .'

अध्याय 21

श्लोक 3.9.11

काम एव यस्याऽऽयतनँ हृदयं लोको मनो ज्योतिर्यो वै तं पुरुषं विद्यात्सर्वस्याऽऽत्मनः परायणँ, स वै वेदिता स्याद् याज्ञवल्क्य ।वेद वा अहं तं पुरुषँ सर्वस्याऽऽत्मनः परायणं यमात्थ य एवायं काममयः पुरुषः स एष वदैव शाकल्य तस्य का देवतेति ।स्त्रिय इति होवाच

kāma eva yasyā''yatanam̐ hṛdayaṃ loko mano jyotiryo vai taṃ puruṣaṃ vidyātsarvasyā''tmanaḥ parāyaṇam̐, sa vai veditā syād yājñavalkya | veda vā ahaṃ taṃ puruṣam̐ sarvasyā''tmanaḥ parāyaṇaṃ yamāttha ya evāyaṃ kāmamayaḥ puruṣaḥ sa eṣa vadaiva śākalya tasya kā devateti | striya iti hovāca

English

Sâkalya said: 'Whosoever knows that person whose dwelling is love (a body capable of sensual love), whose sight is the heart, whose mind is light.--the principle of every self, he indeed is a teacher, O Yâgñavalkya.' Yâgñavalkya replied: 'I know that person, the principle of every self, of whom thou speakest. This love-made (loving) person, he is he." But tell me, Sâkalya, who is his devatâ?' Sâkalya replied: 'The women .'

अध्याय 21

श्लोक 3.9.12

रूपाण्येव यस्याऽऽयतनं चक्षुर्लोको मनो ज्योतिर्यो वै तं पुरुषं विद्यात्सर्वस्याऽऽत्मनः परायणँ, स वै वेदिता स्याद् याज्ञवल्क्य ।वेद वा अहं तं पुरुषँ सर्वस्याऽऽत्मनः परायणं यमात्थ य एवासावादित्ये पुरुषः स एष वदैव शाकल्य तस्य का देवतेति ।सत्यमिति होवाच

rūpāṇyeva yasyā''yatanaṃ cakṣurloko mano jyotiryo vai taṃ puruṣaṃ vidyātsarvasyā''tmanaḥ parāyaṇam̐, sa vai veditā syād yājñavalkya | veda vā ahaṃ taṃ puruṣam̐ sarvasyā''tmanaḥ parāyaṇaṃ yamāttha ya evāsāvāditye puruṣaḥ sa eṣa vadaiva śākalya tasya kā devateti | satyamiti hovāca

English

Sâkalya said: 'Whosoever knows that person whose dwelling are the colours, whose sight is the eye, whose mind is light,--the principle of every self, he indeed is a teacher, O Yâgñavalkya.' Yâgñavalkya replied: 'I know that person, the principle of every self, of whom thou speakest. That person in the sun, "he is he." But tell me, Sâkalya, who is his devatâ?' Sâkalya replied: 'The True .'

अध्याय 21

श्लोक 3.9.13

आकाश एव यस्याऽऽयतनँ श्रोत्रं लोको मनो ज्योतिर्यो वै तं पुरुषं विद्यात्सर्वस्याऽऽत्मनः परायणँ, स वै वेदिता स्याद् याज्ञवल्क्य ।वेद वा अहं तं पुरुषँ सर्वस्याऽऽत्मनः परायणं यमात्थ य एवायँ श्रौत्रः प्रातिश्रुत्कः पुरुषः स एष वदैव शाकल्य तस्य का देवतेति ।दिश इति होवाच

ākāśa eva yasyā''yatanam̐ śrotraṃ loko mano jyotiryo vai taṃ puruṣaṃ vidyātsarvasyā''tmanaḥ parāyaṇam̐, sa vai veditā syād yājñavalkya | veda vā ahaṃ taṃ puruṣam̐ sarvasyā''tmanaḥ parāyaṇaṃ yamāttha ya evāyam̐ śrautraḥ prātiśrutkaḥ puruṣaḥ sa eṣa vadaiva śākalya tasya kā devateti | diśa iti hovāca

English

Sâkalya said: 'Whosoever knows that person whose dwelling is ether, whose sight is the ear, whose mind is light,--the principle of every self, he indeed is a teacher, O Yâgñavalkya.' Yâgñavalkya replied: 'I know that person, the principle of every self, of whom thou speakest. The person who hears and answers, "he is he." But tell me, Sâkalya, who is his devatâ?' Sâkalya replied: 'Space.'

अध्याय 21

श्लोक 3.9.14

तम एव यस्याऽऽयतनँ हृदयं लोको मनो ज्योतिर्यो वै तं पुरुषं विद्यात्सर्वस्याऽऽत्मनः परायणँ, स वै वेदिता स्याद् याज्ञवल्क्य ।वेद वा अहं तं पुरुषँ सर्वस्याऽऽत्मनः परायणं यमात्थ य एवायं छायामयः पुरुषः स एष वदैव शाकल्य तस्य का देवतेति ।मृत्युरिति होवाच

tama eva yasyā''yatanam̐ hṛdayaṃ loko mano jyotiryo vai taṃ puruṣaṃ vidyātsarvasyā''tmanaḥ parāyaṇam̐, sa vai veditā syād yājñavalkya | veda vā ahaṃ taṃ puruṣam̐ sarvasyā''tmanaḥ parāyaṇaṃ yamāttha ya evāyaṃ chāyāmayaḥ puruṣaḥ sa eṣa vadaiva śākalya tasya kā devateti | mṛtyuriti hovāca

English

Sâkalya said: 'Whosoever knows that person whose dwelling is darkness, whose sight is the heart, whose mind is light,--the principle of every self, he indeed is a teacher, O Yâgñavalkya.' Yâgñavalkya replied: 'I know that person, the principle of every self, of whom thou speakest. The shadowy person, "he is he." But tell me, Sâkalya, who is his devatâ?' Sâkalya replied: 'Death.'

अध्याय 21

श्लोक 3.9.15

रूपाण्येव यस्याऽऽयतनं चक्षुर्लोको मनो ज्योतिर्यो वै तं पुरुषं विद्यात्सर्वस्याऽऽत्मनः परायणँ, परायणं स वै वेदिता स्याद् याज्ञवल्क्य ।वेद वा अहं तं पुरुषँ सर्वस्याऽऽत्मनः परायणं यमात्थ य एवायमादर्शे पुरुषः स एष वदैव शाकल्य तस्य का देवतेत्यसुरिति होवाच

rūpāṇyeva yasyā''yatanaṃ cakṣurloko mano jyotiryo vai taṃ puruṣaṃ vidyātsarvasyā''tmanaḥ parāyaṇam̐, parāyaṇaṃ sa vai veditā syād yājñavalkya | veda vā ahaṃ taṃ puruṣam̐ sarvasyā''tmanaḥ parāyaṇaṃ yamāttha ya evāyamādarśe puruṣaḥ sa eṣa vadaiva śākalya tasya kā devatetyasuriti hovāca

English

Sâkalya said: 'Whosoever knows that person whose dwelling are (bright) colours, whose sight is the eye, whose mind is light,--the principle of every self, he indeed is a teacher, O Yâgñavalkya.' Yâgñavalkya replied: 'I know that person, the principle of every self, of whom thou speakest. The person in the looking-glass, "he is he." But tell me, Sâkalya, who is his devatâ?' Sâkalya replied: 'Vital breath' (asu).

अध्याय 21

श्लोक 3.9.16

आप एव यस्याऽऽयतनँ हृदयं लोको मनो ज्योतिर्यो वै तं पुरुषं विद्यात्सर्वस्याऽऽत्मनः परायणँ, परायणं स वै वेदिता स्याद् याज्ञवल्क्य ।वेद वा अहं तं पुरुषँ सर्वस्याऽऽत्मनः परायणं यमात्थ य एवायमप्सु पुरुषः स एष वदैव शाकल्य तस्य का देवतेति ।वरुण इति होवाच

āpa eva yasyā''yatanam̐ hṛdayaṃ loko mano jyotiryo vai taṃ puruṣaṃ vidyātsarvasyā''tmanaḥ parāyaṇam̐, parāyaṇaṃ sa vai veditā syād yājñavalkya | veda vā ahaṃ taṃ puruṣam̐ sarvasyā''tmanaḥ parāyaṇaṃ yamāttha ya evāyamapsu puruṣaḥ sa eṣa vadaiva śākalya tasya kā devateti | varuṇa iti hovāca

English

Sâkalya said: 'Whosoever knows that person whose dwelling is water, whose sight is the heart, whose mind is light,--the principle of every self, he indeed is a teacher, O Yâgñavalkya.' Yâgñavalkya replied: 'I know that person, the principle of every self, of whom thou speakest. The person in the water, "he is he." But tell me, Sâkalya, who is his devatâ?' Sâkalya replied: 'Varuna.'

अध्याय 21

श्लोक 3.9.17

रेत एव यस्याऽऽयतनँ हृदयं लोको मनो ज्योतिर्यो वै तं पुरुषं विद्यात्सर्वस्याऽऽत्मनः परायणँ, स वै वेदिता स्याद् याज्ञवल्क्य ।वेद वा अहं तं पुरुषँ सर्वस्याऽऽत्मनः परायणं यमात्थ य एवायं पुत्रमयः पुरुषः स एष वदैव शाकल्य तस्य का देवतेति ।प्रजापतिरिति होवाच

reta eva yasyā''yatanam̐ hṛdayaṃ loko mano jyotiryo vai taṃ puruṣaṃ vidyātsarvasyā''tmanaḥ parāyaṇam̐, sa vai veditā syād yājñavalkya | veda vā ahaṃ taṃ puruṣam̐ sarvasyā''tmanaḥ parāyaṇaṃ yamāttha ya evāyaṃ putramayaḥ puruṣaḥ sa eṣa vadaiva śākalya tasya kā devateti | prajāpatiriti hovāca

English

Sâkalya said: 'Whosoever knows that person whose dwelling is seed, whose sight is the heart, whose mind is light,--the principle of every self, he indeed is a teacher, O Yâgñavalkya.' Yâgñavalkya replied: 'I know that person, the principle of every self, of whom thou speakest. The filial person, "he is he." But tell me, Sâkalya, who is his devatâ?' Sâkalya replied: 'Pragâpati.'

अध्याय 21

श्लोक 3.9.18

शाकल्येति होवाच याज्ञवल्क्यस्त्वाँ स्विदिमे ब्राह्मणा अङ्गारावक्षयणमक्रता३ इति

śākalyeti hovāca yājñavalkyastvām̐ svidime brāhmaṇā aṅgārāvakṣayaṇamakratā3 iti

English

Yâgñavalkya said: 'Sâkalya, did those Brâhmanas (who themselves shrank from the contest) make thee the victim ?'

अध्याय 21

श्लोक 3.9.19

याज्ञवल्क्येति होवाच शाकल्यो यदिदं कुरुपञ्चालानां ब्राह्मणानत्यवादीः किं ब्रह्म विद्वानिति ।दिशो वेद सदेवाः सप्रतिष्ठा इति ।यद्दिशो वेत्थ सदेवाः सप्रतिष्ठाः

yājñavalkyeti hovāca śākalyo yadidaṃ kurupañcālānāṃ brāhmaṇānatyavādīḥ kiṃ brahma vidvāniti | diśo veda sadevāḥ sapratiṣṭhā iti | yaddiśo vettha sadevāḥ sapratiṣṭhāḥ

English

Sâkalya said: 'Yâgñavalkya, because thou hast decried the Brâhmanas of the Kuru-Pañkâlas, what Brahman dost thou know?' Yâgñavalkya said: 'I know the quarters with their deities and their abodes.' Sâkalya said: 'If thou knowest the quarters with their deities and their abodes,

अध्याय 21

श्लोक 3.9.20

किन्देवतोऽस्यां प्राच्यां दिश्यसीत्यादित्यदेवत इति ।स आदित्यः कस्मिन्प्रतिष्ठित इति ।चक्षुषीति ।कस्मिन्नु चक्षुः प्रतिष्ठितमिति ।रूपेष्विति चक्षुषा हि रूपाणि पश्यति ।कस्मिन्नु रूपाणि प्रतिष्ठितानीति ।हृदय इति होवाच हृदयेन हि रूपाणि जानाति हृदये ह्येव रूपाणि प्रतिष्ठितानि भवन्तीत्येवमेवैतद् याज्ञवल्क्य

kindevato'syāṃ prācyāṃ diśyasītyādityadevata iti | sa ādityaḥ kasminpratiṣṭhita iti | cakṣuṣīti | kasminnu cakṣuḥ pratiṣṭhitamiti | rūpeṣviti cakṣuṣā hi rūpāṇi paśyati | kasminnu rūpāṇi pratiṣṭhitānīti | hṛdaya iti hovāca hṛdayena hi rūpāṇi jānāti hṛdaye hyeva rūpāṇi pratiṣṭhitāni bhavantītyevamevaitad yājñavalkya

English

'Which is thy deity in the Eastern quarter?' Yâgñavalkya said: 'Âditya (the sun).' Sâkalya said: 'In what does that Âditya abide?' Yâgñavalkya said: 'In the eye.' Sâkalya said: 'In what does the eye abide?' Yâgñavalkya said: 'In the colours, for with the eye he sees the colours.' Sâkalya said: 'And in what then do the colours abide?' Yâgñavalkya said: 'In the heart , for we know colours by the heart, for colours abide in the heart .' Sâkalya said: 'So it is indeed, O Yâgñavalkya.'

अध्याय 21

श्लोक 3.9.21

किन्देवतोऽस्यां दक्षिणायां दिश्यसीति ।यमदेवत इति ।स यमः कस्मिन्प्रतिष्ठित इति ।यज्ञ इति ।कस्मिन्नु यज्ञः प्रतिष्ठित इति।दक्षिणायामिति ।कस्मिन्नु दक्षिणा प्रतिष्ठितेति श्रद्धायामिति यदा ह्येव श्रद्धत्तेऽथ दक्षिणां ददाति श्रद्धायाँ ह्येव दक्षिणा प्रतिष्ठितेति कस्मिन्नु श्रद्धा प्रतिष्ठितेति हृदय इति होवाच हृदयेन हि श्रद्धां जानाति हृदये ह्येव श्रद्धा प्रतिष्ठिता भवतीत्येवमेवैतद् याज्ञवल्क्य

kindevato'syāṃ dakṣiṇāyāṃ diśyasīti | yamadevata iti | sa yamaḥ kasminpratiṣṭhita iti | yajña iti | kasminnu yajñaḥ pratiṣṭhita iti| dakṣiṇāyāmiti | kasminnu dakṣiṇā pratiṣṭhiteti śraddhāyāmiti yadā hyeva śraddhatte'tha dakṣiṇāṃ dadāti śraddhāyām̐ hyeva dakṣiṇā pratiṣṭhiteti kasminnu śraddhā pratiṣṭhiteti hṛdaya iti hovāca hṛdayena hi śraddhāṃ jānāti hṛdaye hyeva śraddhā pratiṣṭhitā bhavatītyevamevaitad yājñavalkya

English

Sâkalya said: 'Which is thy deity in the Southern quarter?' Yâgñavalkya said: 'Yama.' Sâkalya said: 'In what does that Yama abide?' Yâgñavalkya said: 'In the sacrifice.' Sâkalya said: 'In what does the sacrifice abide?' Yâgñavalkya said: 'In the Dakshinâ (the gifts to be given to the priests).' Sâkalya said: 'In what does the Dakshinâ abide?' Yâgñavalkya said: 'In Sraddhâ (faith), for if a man believes, then he gives Dakshinâ, and Dakshinâ truly abides in faith.' Sâkalya said: 'And in what then does faith abide?' Yâgñavalkya said: 'In the heart, for by the heart faith knows, and therefore faith abides in the heart.' Sâkalya said: 'So it is indeed, O Yâgñavalkya.'

अध्याय 21

श्लोक 3.9.22

किन्देवतोऽस्यां प्रतीच्यां दिश्यसीति ।वरुणदेवत इति ।स वरुणः कस्मिन् प्रतिष्ठित इत्यप्स्विति ।कस्मिन्न्वापः प्रतिष्ठितेति रेतसीति ।कस्मिन्नु रेतः प्रतिष्ठितेति इति हृदय इति तस्मादपि प्रतिरूपं जातमाहुर्हृदयादिव सृप्तो हृदयादिव निर्मित इति हृदये ह्येव रेतः प्रतिष्ठितं भवतीत्येवमेवैतद् याज्ञवल्क्य

kindevato'syāṃ pratīcyāṃ diśyasīti | varuṇadevata iti | sa varuṇaḥ kasmin pratiṣṭhita ityapsviti | kasminnvāpaḥ pratiṣṭhiteti retasīti | kasminnu retaḥ pratiṣṭhiteti iti hṛdaya iti tasmādapi pratirūpaṃ jātamāhurhṛdayādiva sṛpto hṛdayādiva nirmita iti hṛdaye hyeva retaḥ pratiṣṭhitaṃ bhavatītyevamevaitad yājñavalkya

English

Sâkalya said: 'Which is thy deity in the Western quarter?' Yâgñavalkya said: 'Varuna.' Sâkalya said: 'In what does that Varuna abide?' Yâgñavalkya said: 'In the water.' Sâkalya said: 'In what does the water abide?' Yâgñavalkya said: 'In the seed.' Sâkalya said: 'And in what does the seed abide?' Yâgñavalkya said: 'In the heart. And therefore also they say of a son who is like his father, that he seems as if slipt from his heart, or made from his heart; for the seed abides in the heart.' Sâkalya said: 'So it is indeed, O Yâgñavalkya.'

अध्याय 21

श्लोक 3.9.23

किन्देवतोऽस्यामुदीच्यां दिश्यसीति ।सोमदेवत इति ।स सोमः कस्मिन्प्रतिष्ठित इति ।दीक्षायामिति ।कस्मिन्नु दीक्षा प्रतिष्ठितेति सत्य इति तस्मादपि दीक्षितमाहुः सत्यं वदेति सत्ये ह्येव दीक्षा प्रतिष्ठितेति कस्मिन्नु सत्यं प्रतिष्ठितमिति हृदय इति होवाच हृदयेन हि सत्यं जानाति हृदये ह्येव सत्यं प्रतिष्ठितं भवतीत्येवमेवैतद् याज्ञवल्क्य

kindevato'syāmudīcyāṃ diśyasīti | somadevata iti | sa somaḥ kasminpratiṣṭhita iti | dīkṣāyāmiti | kasminnu dīkṣā pratiṣṭhiteti satya iti tasmādapi dīkṣitamāhuḥ satyaṃ vadeti satye hyeva dīkṣā pratiṣṭhiteti kasminnu satyaṃ pratiṣṭhitamiti hṛdaya iti hovāca hṛdayena hi satyaṃ jānāti hṛdaye hyeva satyaṃ pratiṣṭhitaṃ bhavatītyevamevaitad yājñavalkya

English

Sâkalya said: 'Which is thy deity in the Northern quarter?' Yâgñavalkya said: 'Soma.' Sâkalya said: 'In what does that Soma abide?' Yâgñavalkya said: 'In the Dîkshâ .' Sâkalya said: 'In what does the Dîkshâ abide?' Yâgñavalkya said: 'In the True; and therefore they say to one who has performed the Dîkshâ, Speak what is true, for in the True indeed the Dîkshâ abides.' Sâkalya said: 'And in what does the True abide?' Yâgñavalkya said: 'In the heart, for with the heart do we know what is true, and in the heart indeed the True abides.' Sâkalya said: 'So it is indeed, O Yâgñavalkya.'

अध्याय 21

श्लोक 3.9.24

किन्देवतोऽस्यां ध्रुवायां दिश्यसीत्यग्निदेवत इति ।सोऽग्निः कस्मिन्प्रतिष्ठित इति वाचीति ।कस्मिन्नु वाक्प्रतिष्ठितेति हृदय इति ।कस्मिन्नु हृदयं प्रतिष्ठितमिति

kindevato'syāṃ dhruvāyāṃ diśyasītyagnidevata iti | so'gniḥ kasminpratiṣṭhita iti vācīti | kasminnu vākpratiṣṭhiteti hṛdaya iti | kasminnu hṛdayaṃ pratiṣṭhitamiti

English

Sâkalya said: 'Which is thy deity in the zenith?' Yâgñavalkya said: 'Agni.' Sâkalya said: 'In what does that Agni abide.' Yâgñavalkya said: 'In speech.' Sâkalya said: 'And in what does speech abide Yâgñavalkya said: 'In the heart.' Sâkalya said: 'And in what does the heart abide?'

अध्याय 21

श्लोक 3.9.25

अहल्लिकेति होवाच याज्ञवल्क्यो यत्रैतदन्यत्रास्मन्मन्यासै ।यद्ध्येतदन्यत्रास्मत्स्याच्छ्वानो वैनदद्युर्वयाँसि वैनद्विमथ्नीरन्निति

ahalliketi hovāca yājñavalkyo yatraitadanyatrāsmanmanyāsai | yaddhyetadanyatrāsmatsyācchvāno vainadadyurvayām̐si vainadvimathnīranniti

English

Yâgñavalkya said: 'O Ahallika , when you think the heart could be anywhere else away from us, if it were away from us, the dogs might eat it, or the birds tear it.'

अध्याय 21

श्लोक 3.9.26

कस्मिन्नु त्वं चात्मा च प्रतिष्ठितौ स्थ इति ।प्राण इति ।कस्मिन्नु प्राणः प्रतिष्ठित इत्यपान इति ।कस्मिन्न्वपानः प्रतिष्ठित इति ।व्यान इति ।कस्मिन्नु व्यानः प्रतिष्ठित इत्युदान इति ।कस्मिन्नूदानः प्रतिष्ठित इति ।समान इति ।स एष नेति नेत्यात्माऽगृह्यो न हि गृह्यतेऽशीर्यो न हि शीर्यतेऽसङ्गो न हि सज्यतेऽसितो न व्यथते न रिष्यत्येतान्यष्टावायतनान्यष्टौ लोका अष्टौ देवा अष्टौ पुरुषाः ।स यस्तान्पुरुषान्निरुह्य प्रत्युह्यात्यक्रामत् तं त्वौपनिषदं पुरुषं पृच्छामि ।तं चेन्मे न विवक्ष्यसि मूर्धा ते विपतिष्यतीति ।तँ ह न मेने शाकल्यस्तस्य ह मूर्धा विपपात अपि हास्य परिमोषिणोऽस्थीन्यपजह्रुरन्यन्मन्यमानाः

kasminnu tvaṃ cātmā ca pratiṣṭhitau stha iti | prāṇa iti | kasminnu prāṇaḥ pratiṣṭhita ityapāna iti | kasminnvapānaḥ pratiṣṭhita iti | vyāna iti | kasminnu vyānaḥ pratiṣṭhita ityudāna iti | kasminnūdānaḥ pratiṣṭhita iti | samāna iti | sa eṣa neti netyātmā'gṛhyo na hi gṛhyate'śīryo na hi śīryate'saṅgo na hi sajyate'sito na vyathate na riṣyatyetānyaṣṭāvāyatanānyaṣṭau lokā aṣṭau devā aṣṭau puruṣāḥ | sa yastānpuruṣānniruhya pratyuhyātyakrāmat taṃ tvaupaniṣadaṃ puruṣaṃ pṛcchāmi | taṃ cenme na vivakṣyasi mūrdhā te vipatiṣyatīti | tam̐ ha na mene śākalyastasya ha mūrdhā vipapāta api hāsya parimoṣiṇo'sthīnyapajahruranyanmanyamānāḥ

English

Sâkalya said: 'And in what dost thou (thy body) and the Self (thy heart) abide?' Yâgñavalkya said: 'In the Prâna (breath).' Sâkalya said: 'In what does the Prâna abide?' Yâgñavalkya said: In the Apâna (down-breathing) .' Sâkalya said: 'In what does the Apâna abide?' Yâgñavalkya said: 'In the Vyâna (back-breathing ) .' Sâkalya said: 'In what does the Vyâna-abide?' Yâgñavalkya said: 'In the Udâna (the out-breathing) .' Sâkalya said: 'In what does the Udâna abide?' Yâgñavalkya said: 'In the Samâna . That Self (âtman) is to be described by No, no ! He is incomprehensible, for he cannot be (is not) comprehended; he is imperishable, for he cannot perish; he is unattached, for he does not attach himself; unfettered, he does not suffer, he does not fail.' 'These are the eight abodes (the earth, &c.), the eight worlds (fire, &c.), the eight gods (the immortal food, &c.), the eight persons (the corporeal, &c.) He who after dividing and uniting these persons , went beyond (the Samâna), that person, taught in the Upanishads, I now ask thee (to teach me). If thou shalt not explain him to me, thy head will fall.' Sâkalya did not know him, and his head fell, nay, thieves took away his bones, mistaking them for something else.

अध्याय 21

श्लोक 3.9.27

अथ होवाच ब्राह्मणा भगवन्तो यो वः कामयते स मा पृच्छतु सर्वे वा मा पृच्छत यो वः कामयते तं वः पृच्छामि सर्वान्वा वः पृच्छामीति ।ते ह ब्राह्मणा न दधृषुः

atha hovāca brāhmaṇā bhagavanto yo vaḥ kāmayate sa mā pṛcchatu sarve vā mā pṛcchata yo vaḥ kāmayate taṃ vaḥ pṛcchāmi sarvānvā vaḥ pṛcchāmīti | te ha brāhmaṇā na dadhṛṣuḥ

English

Then Yâgñavalkya said: 'Reverend Brâhmanas, whosoever among you desires to do so, may now question me. Or question me, all of you. Or whosoever among you desires it, I shall question him, or I shall question all of you. But those Brâhmanas durst not (say anything).

अध्याय 21

श्लोक 3.9.28

तान्हैतैः श्लोकैः पप्रच्छ यथा वृक्षो वनस्पतिस्तथैव पुरुषोऽमृषा तस्य लोमानि पर्णानि त्वगस्योत्पाटिका बहिः ॥ त्वच एवास्य रुधिरं प्रस्यन्दि त्वच उत्पटः तस्मात्तदतृण्णात्प्रैति रसो वृक्षादिवाऽऽहतात् ॥ माँसान्यस्य शकराणि किनाटँ स्नाव तत्स्थिरम् ।अस्थीन्यन्तरतो दारूणि मज्जा मज्जोपमा कृता ॥ यद्वृक्षो वृक्णो रोहति मूलान्नवतरः पुनः मर्त्यः स्विन्मृत्युना वृक्णः कस्मान्मूलात्प्ररोहति ॥ रेतस इति मा वोचत जीवतस्तत्प्रजायते धानारुह इव वै वृक्षोऽञ्जसा प्रेत्य सम्भवः ॥ यत्समूलमावृहेयुर्वृक्षं न पुनराभवेत् ।मर्त्यः स्विन्मृत्युना वृक्णः कस्मान्मूलात्प्ररोहति ॥ जात एव न जायते को न्वेनं जनयेत्पुनः विज्ञानमानन्दं ब्रह्म रातिर्दातुः परायणं तिष्ठमानस्य तद्विद इति ॥ ॥ ॥ इति बृहदारण्यकोपनिषदि तृतीयोऽध्यायः

tānhaitaiḥ ślokaiḥ papraccha yathā vṛkṣo vanaspatistathaiva puruṣo'mṛṣā tasya lomāni parṇāni tvagasyotpāṭikā bahiḥ || tvaca evāsya rudhiraṃ prasyandi tvaca utpaṭaḥ tasmāttadatṛṇṇātpraiti raso vṛkṣādivā''hatāt || mām̐sānyasya śakarāṇi kināṭam̐ snāva tatsthiram | asthīnyantarato dārūṇi majjā majjopamā kṛtā || yadvṛkṣo vṛkṇo rohati mūlānnavataraḥ punaḥ martyaḥ svinmṛtyunā vṛkṇaḥ kasmānmūlātprarohati || retasa iti mā vocata jīvatastatprajāyate dhānāruha iva vai vṛkṣo'ñjasā pretya sambhavaḥ || yatsamūlamāvṛheyurvṛkṣaṃ na punarābhavet | martyaḥ svinmṛtyunā vṛkṇaḥ kasmānmūlātprarohati || jāta eva na jāyate ko nvenaṃ janayetpunaḥ vijñānamānandaṃ brahma rātirdātuḥ parāyaṇaṃ tiṣṭhamānasya tadvida iti || || || iti bṛhadāraṇyakopaniṣadi tṛtīyo'dhyāyaḥ

English

Then Yâgñavalkya questioned them with these Slokas: 1. 'As a mighty tree in the forest, so in truth is man, his hairs are the leaves, his outer skin is the bark. 2. 'From his skin flows forth blood, sap from the skin (of the tree); and thus from the wounded man comes forth blood, as from a tree that is struck. 3. 'The lumps of his flesh are (in the tree) the layers of wood, the fibre is strong like the tendons . The bones are the (hard) wood within, the marrow is made like the marrow of the tree. 4. 'But, while the tree, when felled, grows up again more young from the root, from what root, tell me, does a mortal grow up, after he has been felled by death? 5. 'Do not say, "from seed," for seed is produced from the living ; but a tree, springing from a grain, clearly rises again after death . 6. 'If a tree is pulled up with the root, it will not grow again; from what root then, tell me, does a mortal grow up, after he has been felled by death? 7. 'Once born, he is not born (again); for who should create him again ?' 'Brahman, who is knowledge and bliss, he is the principle, both to him who gives gifts , and also to him who stands firm, and knows.'

स्रोत: https://sanskritdocuments.org/doc_upanishhat/bribasic.itx · प्राप्त 20/10/2026

पिछलाअध्याय 20Adhyāya 3 · Brāhmaṇa 8अगलाअध्याय 22Adhyāya 4 · Brāhmaṇa 1

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शास्त्रीय प्रामाणिकता एवं पारदर्शकताSources & Interpretation

स्रोत, संस्करण एवं व्याख्या वर्गीकरण

धर्म ग्रंथ पर मूल शास्त्र, पारंपरिक भाष्य और आधुनिक व्याख्या को पूर्णतः पृथक रखा जाता है ताकि पाठक को किसी भी व्याख्या के शास्त्र होने का भ्रम न हो।

सामग्री वर्गीकरण संकेत (Epistemic Content Labels)

6 स्तरिय प्रमाण व्यवस्था
मूल पाठOriginal text

अपौरुषेय / प्रामाणिक शास्त्र (Primary Canonical Scripture)

मूल संस्कृत, प्राकृत अथवा अवधी श्लोक/मंत्र। यह सर्वोच्च प्रमाण (प्रस्थान) है। इस पाठ में किसी भी आधुनिक व्याख्याकार का हस्तक्षेप नहीं है।

शाब्दिक अनुवादLiteral translation

पदार्थ व अन्वय (Direct Grammatical & Word-for-Word Meaning)

व्याकरणसम्मत प्रत्यक्ष शब्दार्थ (अन्वय)। बिना किसी दार्शनिक संप्रदाय के पूर्वाग्रह के, संस्कृत शब्दों का सटीक भाषांतर।

पारंपरिक भाष्यTraditional commentary

आचार्य परंपरा व टीका (Classical Lineage Commentary)

प्राचीन आचार्य परंपरा (यथा शंकराचार्य, रामानुजाचार्य, मध्वाचार्य, श्रीधर स्वामी) द्वारा विरचित शास्त्रीय भाष्य व टीकाएं।

सरल व्याख्याSimple explanation

भावार्थ व सुबोध प्रबोधन (Accessible Pedagogical Exposition)

आधुनिक जिज्ञासुओं के लिए सरल भाषा में भावार्थ। यह मूल मंत्र नहीं, बल्कि पाठ को सुगम बनाने हेतु संपादकीय व्याख्या है।

आधुनिक चिंतनModern reflection

समसामयिक विमर्श व अनुप्रयोग (Contemporary Application & Analysis)

दार्शनिक, मनोवैज्ञानिक व वैज्ञानिक समरूपताओं पर आधुनिक चिंतन। यह मूल शास्त्र का अंग नहीं है और इसे शास्त्रोक्त सिद्धांत के रूप में नहीं देखा जाना चाहिए।

शोध टिप्पणीResearch note

पांडुलिपि एवं ऐतिहासिक शोध (Critical Apparatus & Manuscript Research)

पांडुलिपि विविधताएं, पाठ-भेद (variant readings), छंद रचना, और ऐतिहासिक व तुलनात्मक भाषावैज्ञानिक शोध। यह शास्त्र का मूल संदेश बदलने हेतु नहीं, बल्कि पाठ की प्रामाणिकता परखने के लिए है।