Adhyāya 8

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

A king who desires his own welfare must always forgive litigants, infants, aged and sick men, who inveigh against him.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

He who, being abused by men in pain, pardons (them), will in reward of that (act) be exalted in heaven; but he who, (proud) of his kingly state, forgives them not, will for that (reason) sink into hell.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

A thief shall, running, approach the king, with flying hair, confessing that theft (and saying), 'Thus have I done, punish me;'

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

(And he must) carry on his shoulder a pestle, or a club of Khadira wood, or a spear sharp at both ends, or an iron staff.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

Whether he be punished or pardoned, the thief is freed from the (guilt of) theft; but the king, if he punishes not, takes upon himself the guilt of the thief.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

The killer of a learned Brahmana throws his guilt on him who eats his food, an adulterous wife on her (negligent) husband, a (sinning) pupil or sacrificer on (their negligent) teacher (or priest), a thief on the king (who pardons him).

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

But men who have committed crimes and have been punished by the king, go to heaven, being pure like those who performed meritorious deeds.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

He who steals the rope or the water-pot from a well, or damages a hut where water is distributed, shall pay one masha as a fine and restore the (article abstracted or damaged) in its (proper place).

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

On him who steals more than ten kumbhas of grain corporal punishment (shall be inflicted); in other cases he shall be fined eleven times as much, and shall pay to the (owner the value of his) property.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

So shall corporal punishment be inflicted for stealing more than a hundred (palas) of articles sold by the weight, (i.e.) of gold, silver, and so forth, and of most excellent clothes.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

For (stealing) more than fifty (palas) it is enacted that the hands (of the offender) shall be cut off; but in other cases, let him inflict a fine of eleven times the value.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

For stealing men of noble family and especially women and the most precious gems, (the offender) deserves corporal (or capital) punishment.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

For stealing large animals, weapons, or medicines, let the king fix a punishment, after considering the time and the purpose (for which they were destined).

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

For (stealing) cows belonging to Brahmanas, piercing (the nostrils of) a barren cow, and for stealing (other) cattle (belonging to Brahmanas, the offender) shall forthwith lose half his feet.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

(For stealing) thread, cotton, drugs causing fermentation, cowdung, molasses, sour milk, sweet milk, butter-milk, water, or grass,

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

Vessels made of bamboo or other cane, salt of various kinds, earthen (vessels), earth and ashes,

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

Fish, birds, oil, clarified butter, meat, honey, and other things that come from beasts,

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

Or other things of a similar kind, spirituous liquor, boiled rice, and every kind of cooked food, the fine (shall be) twice the value (of the stolen article).

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

For flowers, green corn, shrubs, creepers, trees, and other unhusked (grain) the fine (shall be) five krishnalas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

For husked grain, vegetables, roots, and fruit the fine (shall be) one hundred (panas) if there is no connexion (between the owner and the thief), fifty (panas) if such a connexion exists.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

An offence (of this description), which is committed in the presence (of the owner) and with violence, will be robbery; if (it is committed) in his absence, it will be theft; likewise if (the possession of) anything is denied after it has been taken.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

On that man who may steal (any of) the above-mentioned articles, when they are prepared for (use), let the king inflict the first (or lowest) amercement; likewise on him who may steal (a sacred) fire out of the room (in which it is kept).

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

With whatever limb a thief in any way commits (an offence) against men, even of that (the king) shall deprive him in order to prevent (a repetition of the crime).

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

Neither a father, nor a teacher, nor a friend, nor a mother, nor a wife, nor a son, nor a domestic priest must be left unpunished by a king, if they do not keep within their duty.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

Where another common man would be fined one karshapana, the king shall be fined one thousand; that is the settled rule.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

In (a case of) theft the guilt of a Sudra shall be eightfold, that of a Vaisya sixteenfold, that of a Kshatriya two-and-thirtyfold,

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

That of a Brahmana sixty-fourfold, or quite a hundredfold, or (even) twice four-and-sixtyfold; (each of them) knowing the nature of the offence.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

(The taking of) roots and of fruit from trees, of wood for a (sacrificial) fire, and of grass for feeding cows, Manu has declared (to be) no theft.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

A Brahmana, seeking to obtain property from a man who took what was not given to him, either by sacrificing for him or by teaching him, is even like a thief.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

A twice-born man, who is travelling and whose provisions are exhausted, shall not be fined, if he takes two stalks of sugar-cane or two (esculent) roots from the field of another man.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

He who ties up unbound or sets free tied up (cattle of other men), he who takes a slave, a horse, or a carriage will have incurred the guilt of a thief.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

A king who punishes thieves according to these rules, will gain fame in this world and after death unsurpassable bliss.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

A king who desires to gain the throne of Indra and imperishable eternal fame, shall not, even for a moment, neglect (to punish) the man who commits violence.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

He who commits violence must be considered as the worst offender, (more wicked) than a defamer, than a thief, and than he who injures (another) with a staff.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

But that king who pardons the perpetrator of violence quickly perishes and incurs hatred.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

Neither for friendship's sake, nor for the sake of great lucre, must a king let go perpetrators of violence, who cause terror to all creatures.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

Twice-born men may take up arms when (they are) hindered (in the fulfilment of their duties, when destruction (threatens) the twice-born castes (varna) in (evil) times,

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

In their own defence, in a strife for the fees of officiating priests, and in order to protect women and Brahmanas; he who (under such circumstances) kills in the cause of right, commits no sin.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

One may slay without hesitation an assassin who approaches (with murderous intent), whether (he be one's) teacher, a child or an aged man, or a Brahmana deeply versed in the Vedas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

By killing an assassin the slayer incurs no guilt, whether (he does it) publicly or secretly; in that case fury recoils upon fury.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

Men who commit adultery with the wives of others, the king shall cause to be marked by punishments which cause terror, and afterwards banish.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

For by (adultery) is caused a mixture of the castes (varna) among men; thence (follows) sin, which cuts up even the roots and causes the destruction of everything.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

A man formerly accused of (such) offences, who secretly converses with another man's wife, shall pay the first (or lowest) amercement.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

But a man, not before accused, who (thus) speaks with (a woman) for some (reasonable) cause, shall not incur any guilt, since in him there is no transgression.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

He who addresses the wife of another man at a Tirtha, outside the village, in a forest, or at the confluence of rivers, suffer (the punishment for) adulterous acts (samgrahana).

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

Offering presents (to a woman), romping (with her), touching her ornaments and dress, sitting with her on a bed, all (these acts) are considered adulterous acts (samgrahana).

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

If one touches a woman in a place (which ought) not (to be touched) or allows (oneself to be touched in such a spot), all (such acts done) with mutual consent are declared (to be) adulterous (samgrahana).

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

A man who is not a Brahmana ought to suffer death for adultery (samgrahana); for the wives of all the four castes even must always be carefully guarded.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

Mendicants, bards, men who have performed the initiatory ceremony of a Vedic sacrifice, and artisans are not prohibited from speaking to married women.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

Let no man converse with the wives of others after he has been forbidden (to do so); but he who converses (with them), in spite of a prohibition, shall be fined one suvarna.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

This rule does not apply to the wives of actors and singers, nor (of) those who live on (the intrigues of) their own (wives); for such men send their wives (to others) or, concealing themselves, allow them to hold criminal intercourse.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

Yet he who secretly converses with such women, or with female slaves kept by one (master), and with female ascetics, shall be compelled to pay a small fine.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

He who violates an unwilling maiden shall instantly suffer corporal punishment; but a man who enjoys a willing maiden shall not suffer corporal punishment, if (his caste be) the same (as hers).

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

From a maiden who makes advances to a (man of) high (caste), he shall not take any fine; but her, who courts a (man of) low (caste), let him force to live confined in her house.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

A (man of) low (caste) who makes love to a maiden (of) the highest (caste) shall suffer corporal punishment; he who addresses a maiden (on) equal (caste) shall pay the nuptial fee, if her father desires it.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

But if any man through insolence forcibly contaminates a maiden, two of his fingers shall be instantly cut off, and he shall pay a fine of six hundred (panas).

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

A man (of) equal (caste) who defiles a willing maiden shall not suffer the amputation of his fingers, but shall pay a fine of two hundred (panas) in order to deter him from a repetition (of the offence).

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

A damsel who pollutes (another) damsel must be fined two hundred (panas), pay the double of her (nuptial) fee, and receive ten (lashes with a) rod.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

But a woman who pollutes a damsel shall instantly have (her head) shaved or two fingers cut off, and be made to ride (through the town) on a donkey.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

If a wife, proud of the greatness of her relatives or (her own) excellence, violates the duty which she owes to her lord, the king shall cause her to be devoured by dogs in a place frequented by many.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

Let him cause the male offender to be burnt on a red-hot iron bed; they shall put logs under it, (until) the sinner is burned (to death).

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

On a man (once) convicted, who is (again) accused within a year, a double fine (must be inflicted); even thus (must the fine be doubled) for (repeated) intercourse with a Vratya and a Kandali.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

A Sudra who has intercourse with a woman of a twice-born caste (varna), guarded or unguarded, (shall be punished in the following manner): if she was unguarded, he loses the part (offending) and all his property; if she was guarded, everything (even his life).

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

(For intercourse with a guarded Brahmana a Vaisya shall forfeit all his property after imprisonment for a year; a Kshatriya shall be fined one thousand (panas) and be shaved with the urine (of an ass).

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

If a Vaisya or a Kshatriya has connexion with an unguarded Brahmana, let him fine the Vaisya five hundred (panas) and the Kshatriya one thousand.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

But even these two, if they offend with a Brahmani (not only) guarded (but the wife of an eminent man), shall be punished like a Sudra or be burnt in a fire of dry grass.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

A Brahmana who carnally knows a guarded Brahmani against her will, shall be fined one thousand (panas); but he shall be made to pay five hundred, if he had connexion with a willing one.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

Tonsure (of the head) is ordained for a Brahmana (instead of) capital punishment; but (men of) other castes shall suffer capital punishment.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

Let him never slay a Brahmana, though he have committed all (possible) crimes; let him banish such an (offender), leaving all his property (to him) and (his body) unhurt.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

No greater crime is known on earth than slaying a Brahmana; a king, therefore, must not even conceive in his mind the thought of killing a Brahmana.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

If a Vaisya approaches a guarded female of the Kshatriya caste, or a Kshatriya a (guarded) Vaisya woman, they both deserve the same punishment as in the case of an unguarded Brahmana female.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

A Brahmana shall be compelled to pay a fine of one thousand (panas) if he has intercourse with guarded (females of) those two (castes); for (offending with) a (guarded) Sudra female a fine of one thousand (panas shall be inflicted) on a Kshatriya or a Vaisya.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

For (intercourse with) an unguarded Kshatriya a fine of five hundred (panas shall fall) on a Vaisya; but (for the same offence) a Kshatriya shall be shaved with the urine (of a donkey) or (pay) the same fine.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

A Brahmana who approaches unguarded females (of the) Kshatriya or Vaisya (castes), or a Sudra female, shall be fined five hundred (panas); but (for intercourse with) a female (of the) lowest (castes), one thousand.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

That king in whose town lives no thief, no adulterer, no defamer, no man guilty of violence, and no committer of assaults, attains the world of Sakra (Indra).

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

The suppression of those five in his dominions secures to a king paramount sovereignty among his peers and fame in the world.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

A sacrificer who forsakes an officiating priest, and an officiating priest who forsakes a sacrificer, (each being) able to perform his work and not contaminated (by grievous crimes), must each be fined one hundred (panas).

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

Neither a mother, nor a father, nor a wife, nor a son shall be cast off; he who casts them off, unless guilty of a crime causing loss of caste, shall be fined six hundred (panas).

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

If twice-born men dispute among each other concerning the duty of the orders, a king who desires his own welfare should not (hastily) decide (what is) the law.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

Having shown them due honor, he should, with (the assistance of) Brahmanas, first soothe them by gentle (speech) and afterwards teach them their duty.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

A Brahmana who does not invite his next neighbour and his neighbour next but one, (though) both (he) worthy (of the honour), to a festival at which twenty Brahmanas are entertained, is liable to a fine of one masha.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

A Srotriya who does not entertain a virtuous Srotriya at auspicious festive rites, shall be made to pay him twice (the value of) the meal and a masha of gold (as a fine to the king).

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

A blind man, an idiot, (a cripple) who moves with the help of a board, a man full seventy years old, and he who confers benefits on Srotriyas, shall not be compelled by any (king) to pay a tax.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

Let the king always treat kindly a Srotriya, a sick or distressed man, an infant and an aged or indigent man, a man of high birth, and an honourable man (Arya).

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

A washerman shall wash (the clothes of his employers) gently on a smooth board of Salmaliwood he shall not return the clothes (of one person) for those (of another), nor allow anybody (but the owner) to wear them.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

A weaver (who has received) ten palas (of thread), shall return (cloth weighing) one pala more; he who acts differently shall be compelled to pay a fine of twelve (panas).

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

Let the king take one-twentieth of that (amount) which men, well acquainted with the settlement of tolls and duties (and) skilful in (estimating the value of) all kinds of merchandise, may fix as the value for each saleable commodity.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

Let the king confiscate the whole property of (a trader) who out of greed exports goods of which the king has a monopoly or (the export of which is) forbidden.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

He who avoids a custom-house (or a toll), he who buys or sells at an improper time, or he who makes a false statement in enumerating (his goods), shall be fined eight times (the amount of duty) which he tried to evade.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

Let (the king) fix (the rates for) the purchase and sale of all marketable goods, having (duly) considered whence they come, whither they go, how long they have been kept, the (probable) profit and the (probable) outlay.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

Once in five nights, or at the close of each fortnight, let the king publicly settle the prices for the (merchants).

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

All weights and measures must be duly marked, and once in six months let him re-examine them.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

At a ferry an (empty) cart shall be made to pay one pana, a man's (load) half a pana, an animal and a woman one quarter of a (pana), an unloaded man one-half of a quarter.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

Carts (laden) with vessels full (of merchandise) shall be made to pay toll at a ferry according to the value (of the goods), empty vessels and men without luggage some trifle.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

For a long passage the boat-hire must be proportioned to the places and times; know that this (rule refers) to (passages along) the banks of rivers; at sea there is no settled (freight).

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

But a woman who has been pregnant two months or more, an ascetic, a hermit in the forest, and Brahmanas who are students of the Veda, shall not be made to pay toll at a ferry.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

Whatever may be damaged in a boat by the fault of the boatmen, that shall be made good by the boatmen collectively, (each paying) his share.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

This decision in suits (brought) by passengers (holds good only) in case the boatmen are culpably negligent on the water; in the case of (an accident) caused by (the will of) the gods, no fine can be (inflicted on them).

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

(The king) should order a Vaisya to trade, to lend money, to cultivate the land, or to tend cattle, and a Sudra to serve the twice-born castes

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

(Some wealthy) Brahmana shall compassionately support both a Kshatriya and a Vaisya, if they are distressed for a livelihood, employing them on work (which is suitable for) their (castes).

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

But a Brahmana who, because he is powerful, out of greed makes initiated (men of the) twice-born (castes) against their will do the work of slaves, shall be fined by the king six hundred (panas).

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

But a Sudra, whether bought or unbought, he may compel to do servile work; for he was created by the Self-existent (Svayambhu) to be the slave of a Brahmana.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

A Sudra, though emancipated by his master, is not released from servitude; since that is innate in him, who can set him free from it?

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

There are slaves of seven kinds, (viz.) he who is made a captive under a standard, he who serves for his daily food, he who is born in the house, he who is bought and he who is given, he who is inherited from ancestors, and he who is enslaved by way of punishment.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

A wife, a son, and a slave, these three are declared to have no property; the wealth which they earn is (acquired) for him to whom they belong.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

A Brahmana may confidently seize the goods of (his) Sudra (slave); for, as that (slave) can have no property, his master may take his possessions.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

(The king) should carefully compel Vaisyas and Sudra to perform the work (prescribed) for them; for if these two (castes) swerved from their duties, they would throw this (whole) world into confusion.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

Let him daily look after the completion of his undertakings, his beasts of burden, and carriages, (the collection of) his revenues and the disbursements, his mines and his treasury.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमं यज्ञमातिहेसपुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥ १ ६-॥ शय्यासनमलङ्कारं कासं कोधमनाजेवम्। 0

English

A king who thus brings to a conclusion. all the legal business enumerated above, and removes all sin, reaches the highest state (of bliss).