Mahabharata
14
अध्याय 14 / 18

Ashvamedha Parva

अश्वमेधपर्व

2743 श्लोकभाग 12/32 · श्लोक 38.1–41.5

पूर्ण अध्याय पाठ53 श्लोक

अध्याय 14

श्लोक 38.1

[बर] अतः परं परवक्ष्यामि तृतीयं गुणम उत्तमम सर्वभूतहितं लॊके सतां धर्मम अनिन्दितम

[bara] ataḥ paraṃ paravakṣyāmi tṛtīyaṃ guṇama uttamama sarvabhūtahitaṃ lòke satāṃ dharmama aninditama

हिन्दी अर्थ

असीनादाय शक्तीश्च भार्गव पर्यधावयन्

English

Indriyagolokeshu or those vital parts which constitute the seats of the senses. Chetana does not, I think, mean 'consciousness.' It implies mind.

अध्याय 14

श्लोक 38.2

आनन्दः परीतिर उद्रेकः पराकाश्यं सुखम एव च अकार्पण्यम असंरम्भः संतॊषः शरद्दधानता

ānandaḥ parītira udrekaḥ parākāśyaṃ sukhama eva ca akārpaṇyama asaṃrambhaḥ saṃtòṣaḥ śaraddadhānatā

हिन्दी अर्थ

द्विजैरुत्पादितं क्षत्रं जामदग्न्यो न्यकृन्तत

English

Joy, delight, surging, manifestation, happiness, absence of meanness, absence of agitation, contentment, faith,

अध्याय 14

श्लोक 38.3

कषमा धृतिर अहिंसा च समता सत्यम आर्जवम अक्रॊधश चानसूया च शौचं दाक्ष्यं पराक्रमः

kaṣamā dhṛtira ahiṃsā ca samatā satyama ārjavama akròdhaśa cānasūyā ca śaucaṃ dākṣyaṃ parākramaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्षत्रबन्धूनिमान् प्राणैर्विप्रयोज्य पुन: पुन:

English

patience, steadfastness, non-harm, equanimity, truth, uprightness, freedom from anger and envy, purity, skill, valour,

अध्याय 14

श्लोक 38.4

मुधा जञानं मुधा वृत्तं मुधा सेवा मुधा शरमः एवं यॊ युक्तधर्मः सयात सॊ ऽमुत्रानन्त्यम अश्नुते

mudhā jañānaṃ mudhā vṛttaṃ mudhā sevā mudhā śaramaḥ evaṃ yò yuktadharmaḥ sayāta sò 'mutrānantyama aśnute

हिन्दी अर्थ

बेचारे क्षत्रियोंके प्राण लेनेमें तुम्हें कौन-सा लाभ दिखायी देता है?”

English

knowledge without return, conduct without return, service without return, toil without return: one so joined in dharma attains endlessness hereafter.

अध्याय 14

श्लोक 38.5

निर्ममॊ निरहंकारॊ निराशीः सर्वतः समः अकाम हत इत्य एष सतां धर्मः सनातनः

nirmamò nirahaṃkārò nirāśīḥ sarvataḥ samaḥ akāma hata itya eṣa satāṃ dharmaḥ sanātanaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

ना्हनतीह भवन्तो मां निवारयितुमित्युत

English

Free of possessiveness, free of ego, free of hope, equal everywhere, desireless and unstruck: this is the eternal dharma of the good.

अध्याय 14

श्लोक 38.6

विश्रम्भॊ हरीस तितिक्षा च तयागः शौचम अतन्द्रिता आनृशंस्यम असंमॊहॊ दया भूतेष्व अपैशुनम

viśrambhò harīsa titikṣā ca tayāgaḥ śaucama atandritā ānṛśaṃsyama asaṃmòhò dayā bhūteṣva apaiśunama

हिन्दी अर्थ

नेह युक्त त्वया हन्तुं ब्राह्मणेन सता नृूपान्

English

Trust, modesty, endurance, renunciation, purity, alertness, absence of cruelty, freedom from delusion, compassion toward beings, absence of slander,

अध्याय 14

श्लोक 38.7

हर्षस तुष्टिर विस्मयश च विनयः साधुवृत्तता शान्ति कर्म विशुद्धिश च शुभा बुद्धिर विमॊचनम

harṣasa tuṣṭira vismayaśa ca vinayaḥ sādhuvṛttatā śānti karma viśuddhiśa ca śubhā buddhira vimòcanama

हिन्दी अर्थ

जाता है, उसे सुनकर तुम्हें वैसा ही आचरण करना चाहिए

English

gladness, contentment, wonder, humility, good conduct, calm, purity of action, good understanding, release,

अध्याय 14

श्लोक 38.8

उपेक्षा बरह्मचर्यं च परित्यागश च सर्वशः निर्ममत्वम अनाशीस्त्वम अपरिक्रीत धर्मता

upekṣā barahmacaryaṃ ca parityāgaśa ca sarvaśaḥ nirmamatvama anāśīstvama aparikrīta dharmatā

हिन्दी अर्थ

धर्मज्ञ: सत्यवादी च महात्मा सुदृढव्रत:

English

equanimity, celibacy, complete renunciation, freedom from possessiveness, freedom from hope, a dharma not to be bought:

अध्याय 14

श्लोक 38.9

मुधा दानं मुधा यज्ञॊ मुधाधीतं मुधा वरतम मुधा परतिग्रहश चैव मुधा धर्मॊ मुधा तपः

mudhā dānaṃ mudhā yajñò mudhādhītaṃ mudhā varatama mudhā paratigrahaśa caiva mudhā dharmò mudhā tapaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

कृत्वा सुदुष्करं कर्म मन: सूक्ष्मे समादधे

English

gift without return, sacrifice without return, study without return, vow without return, acceptance without return, dharma without return, austerity without return.

अध्याय 14

श्लोक 38.10

एवंवृत्तास तु ये के चिल लॊके ऽसमिन सत्त्वसंश्रयाः बराह्मणा बरह्मयॊनिस्थास ते धीराः साधु दर्शिनः

evaṃvṛttāsa tu ye ke cila lòke 'samina sattvasaṃśrayāḥ barāhmaṇā barahmayònisthāsa te dhīrāḥ sādhu darśinaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

तलवार और शक्तियाँ लेकर परशुरामजीपर चारों ओरसे टूट पड़े

English

immaculate, takes birth in this world, failing away from his true status of Brahman owing to his acts. Acts, again, are eternal, no beginning being conceivable.

अध्याय 14

श्लोक 38.11

हित्वा सर्वाणि पापानि निःशॊका हय अजरामराः दिवं पराप्य तु ते धीराः कुर्वते वै ततस ततः

hitvā sarvāṇi pāpāni niḥśòkā haya ajarāmarāḥ divaṃ parāpya tu te dhīrāḥ kurvate vai tatasa tataḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

विसृजन् शरवर्षाणि व्यधमत् पार्थिवं बलम्

English

speaks of Kshara, or the material case, or body; then of that which is para or other. This other is of two kinds, viz., Amritam or suddha-chaitanyam, implying Brahman in its condition of purity; and Aksharamt or Jiva as existing in the material case. In the second line, trayanam refers to Kshara, Amrita, and Akshara. Mithunam is duality, referring to that which is composed of Kshara and Akshara. What is stated in this verse is that every Purusha is a duality, made up of Kshara and Akshara. Telang gives a different version of the verse. He ignores the word trayanam totally, and takes Mithunam as implying a couple (male and female). All the texts I have seen contain trayanam.

अध्याय 14

श्लोक 38.12

ईशित्वं च वशित्वं च लघुत्वं मनसश च ते विकुर्वते महात्मानॊ देवास तरिदिवगा इव

īśitvaṃ ca vaśitvaṃ ca laghutvaṃ manasaśa ca te vikurvate mahātmānò devāsa taridivagā iva

हिन्दी अर्थ

हुए राजाकी सेनाका संहार करने लगे

English

the words. Telang translates the first line differently.

अध्याय 14

श्लोक 38.13

ऊर्ध्वस्रॊतस इत्य एते देवा वैकारिकाः समृताः विकुर्वते परकृत्या वै दिवं पराप्तास ततस ततः यद यद इच्छन्ति तत सर्वं भजन्ते विभजन्ति च

ūrdhvasròtasa itya ete devā vaikārikāḥ samṛtāḥ vikurvate parakṛtyā vai divaṃ parāptāsa tatasa tataḥ yada yada icchanti tata sarvaṃ bhajante vibhajanti ca

हिन्दी अर्थ

भाँति पर्वतोंकी गुफाओंमें घुस गये

English

These are called "upward-streaming": the gods are held to be transformations; they transform by nature, having reached heaven here and there; whatever they wish, all that they enjoy and distribute.

अध्याय 14

श्लोक 38.14

इत्य एतत सात्त्विकं वृत्तं कथितं वॊ दविजर्षभाः एतद विज्ञाय विधिवल लभते यद यद इच्छति

itya etata sāttvikaṃ vṛttaṃ kathitaṃ vò davijarṣabhāḥ etada vijñāya vidhivala labhate yada yada icchati

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रजा वृषलतां प्राप्ता ब्राह्मणानामदर्शनात्

English

This is the conduct of goodness told to you, best of brahmins; having known it by rule, one gains whatever he wishes.

अध्याय 14

श्लोक 38.15

परकीर्तिताः सत्त्वगुणा विशेषतॊ; यथावद उक्तं गुणवृत्तम एव च नरस तु यॊ वेद गुणान इमान सदा; गुणान स भुङ्क्ते न गुणैः स भुज्यते

parakīrtitāḥ sattvaguṇā viśeṣatò; yathāvada uktaṃ guṇavṛttama eva ca narasa tu yò veda guṇāna imāna sadā; guṇāna sa bhuṅkte na guṇaiḥ sa bhujyate

हिन्दी अर्थ

वृषलत्वं परिगता व्युत्थानात् क्षत्रधर्मिण:

English

The qualities of goodness have been told especially, and the conduct of the qualities duly told. The man who always knows these qualities enjoys the qualities and is not enjoyed by them.

अध्याय 14

श्लोक 39.1

[बर] नैव शक्या गुणा वक्तुं पृथक्त्वेनेह सर्वशः अविच्छिन्नानि दृश्यन्ते रजः सत्त्वं तमस तथा

[bara] naiva śakyā guṇā vaktuṃ pṛthaktveneha sarvaśaḥ avicchinnāni dṛśyante rajaḥ sattvaṃ tamasa tathā

हिन्दी अर्थ

पराक्रम कर दिखाया था। इसके पश्चात् उनका मन सूक्ष्मतत््वकी खोजमें लगा

English

"--The Brahmana said, 'He who becomes absorbed in the one receptacle (of all things), freeing himself from even the thought of his own identity with all things, —indeed, ceasing to think of even his own existence,— gradually casting off one after another, will succeed in crossing his bonds. 2 That man who is the friend of all, who endures all, who is attached to tranquillity, who has conquered all his senses, who is divested of fear and wrath, and who is of restrained soul, succeeds in emancipating himself. He who behaves towards all creatures as towards himself, who is restrained, pure, free from vanity and divested of egoism is regarded as emancipated from everything. He also is

अध्याय 14

श्लोक 39.2

अन्यॊन्यम अनुषज्जन्ते अन्यॊन्यं चानुजीविनः अन्यॊन्यापाश्रयाः सर्वे तथान्यॊन्यानुवर्तिनः

anyònyama anuṣajjante anyònyaṃ cānujīvinaḥ anyònyāpāśrayāḥ sarve tathānyònyānuvartinaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

है। इसलिये अब इसीके ऊपर अपने तीखे सायकोंका प्रहार करूँगा

English

They attach to one another, live on one another, depend on one another and follow one another.

अध्याय 14

श्लोक 39.3

यावत सत्त्वं तमस तावद वर्तते नात्र संशयः यावत तमश च सत्त्वं च रजस तावद इहॊच्यते

yāvata sattvaṃ tamasa tāvada vartate nātra saṃśayaḥ yāvata tamaśa ca sattvaṃ ca rajasa tāvada ihòcyate

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्माच्छ़ोत्रं प्रति शरान् प्रतिमुड्चाम्यहं शितान्

English

As long as there is goodness there is darkness, without doubt; as long as there is darkness and goodness, so long, it is said, there is passion.

अध्याय 14

श्लोक 39.4

संहत्य कुर्वते यात्रां सहिताः संघचारिणः संघातवृत्तयॊ हय एते वर्तन्ते हेत्वहेतुभिः

saṃhatya kurvate yātrāṃ sahitāḥ saṃghacāriṇaḥ saṃghātavṛttayò haya ete vartante hetvahetubhiḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

करता है, इसलिये मैं इन तीखे बाणोंको श्रोत्र-इन्द्रियके ऊपर चलाऊँगा

English

Joined, they make their course together, moving in groups; these live in aggregates, by reasons and non-reasons.

अध्याय 14

श्लोक 39.5

उद्रेक वयतिरेकाणां तेषाम अन्यॊन्यवर्तिनाम वर्तते तद यथा नयूनं वयतिरिक्तं च सर्वशः

udreka vayatirekāṇāṃ teṣāma anyònyavartināma vartate tada yathā nayūnaṃ vayatiriktaṃ ca sarvaśaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

बाणोंकी खोज करो, जिनसे मुझे मार सकोगे

English

Of these, mutually turning in surplus and deficiency, it goes on, as there is less or more, in everything.

अध्याय 14

श्लोक 39.6

वयतिरिक्तं तमॊ यत्र तिर्यग भावगतं भवेत अल्पं तत्र रजॊ जञेयं सत्त्वं चाल्पतरं ततः

vayatiriktaṃ tamò yatra tiryaga bhāvagataṃ bhaveta alpaṃ tatra rajò jañeyaṃ sattvaṃ cālpataraṃ tataḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

तच्छुत्वा स विचिन्त्याथ ततो वचनमब्रवीत्

English

Where darkness is in surplus and has gone to animal state, passion should be known as small there, and goodness still smaller.

अध्याय 14

श्लोक 39.7

उद्रिक्तं च रजॊ यत्र मध्यस्रॊतॊ गतं भवेत अल्पं तत्र तमॊ जञेयं सत्त्वं चाल्पतरं ततः

udriktaṃ ca rajò yatra madhyasròtò gataṃ bhaveta alpaṃ tatra tamò jañeyaṃ sattvaṃ cālpataraṃ tataḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

यह सुनकर अलर्कने कुछ सोच-विचारकर (नेत्रको सुनाते हुए) कहा

English

Where passion is in surplus and has gone to the middle stream, darkness should be known as small there, and goodness still smaller.

अध्याय 14

श्लोक 39.8

उद्रिक्तं च यदा सत्त्वम ऊर्ध्वस्रॊतॊ गतं भवेत अल्पं तत्र रजॊ जञेयं तमश चाल्पतरं ततः

udriktaṃ ca yadā sattvama ūrdhvasròtò gataṃ bhaveta alpaṃ tatra rajò jañeyaṃ tamaśa cālpataraṃ tataḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्माच्चक्षुर्हनिष्यामि निशितै: सायकैरहम्

English

Where goodness is in surplus and has gone to the upward stream, passion should be known as small there, and darkness still smaller.

अध्याय 14

श्लोक 39.9

सत्त्वं वैकारिकं यॊनिर इन्द्रियाणां परकाशिका न हि सत्त्वात परॊ भावः कश चिद अन्यॊ विधीयते

sattvaṃ vaikārikaṃ yònira indriyāṇāṃ parakāśikā na hi sattvāta parò bhāvaḥ kaśa cida anyò vidhīyate

हिन्दी अर्थ

तच्छुत्वा स विचिन्त्याथ ततो वचनमत्रवीत्

English

Goodness is the transformation, the womb, the illuminator of the senses; no other state higher than goodness is ordained.

अध्याय 14

श्लोक 39.10

ऊर्ध्वं गच्छन्ति सत्त्वस्था मध्ये तिष्ठन्ति राजसाः जघन्यगुणसंयुक्ता यान्त्य अधस तामसा जनाः

ūrdhvaṃ gacchanti sattvasthā madhye tiṣṭhanti rājasāḥ jaghanyaguṇasaṃyuktā yāntya adhasa tāmasā janāḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

उत्सृज्य सुमहत्कर्म सूक्ष्म प्रति महामते

English

emancipated who looks with an equal eye upon life and death, pleasure and pain, gain and loss, agreeable and disagreeable. He is in every way emancipated who does not covet what belongs to others, who never disregards any body, who transcends all pairs of opposites, and whose soul is free from attachment. He is emancipated who has no enemy, no kinsman, and no child, who has cast off religion, wealth, and pleasure, and who is freed from desire or cupidity. He becomes emancipated who acquires neither merit nor demerit, who casts off the merits and demerits accumulated in previous births, who wastes the elements of his body for attaining to a tranquillised soul, and who transcends all pairs of opposites. He who abstains from all acts, who is free from desire or cupidity, who looks upon the universe as unenduring or as like an Aswattha tree, ever endued with birth, death and decrepitude, whose understanding is fixed on renunciation, and whose eyes are always directed towards his own faults, soon succeeds in emancipating himself from the bonds that bind him. l He that sees his soul void of smell, of taste and touch, of sound, of belongings, of vision, and unknowable, becomes emancipated. 2 He who sees his soul devoid of the attributes of the five elements to be without form and cause, to be really destitute of attributes though enjoying them, becomes emancipated. 3 Abandoning, with the aid of the understanding, all purposes relating to body and mind, one gradually attains to cessation of separate existence, like a fire unfed with fuel. 4 One who is freed from all impressions, who transcends all pairs of opposites, who is destitute of all belongings, and who uses all his senses under the guidance of penances, becomes emancipated. 5 Having become freed from all impressions, one then attains to Brahma which is Eternal and supreme, and tranquil, and stable, and enduring, and indestructible. After this I shall declare the science of Yoga to which there is nothing superior, and how Yogins, by concentration, behold the perfect soul. 6 I shall declare the instructions regarding it duly. Do thou learn from me those doors by which directing the soul within the body one beholds that which is without beginning and end. 7 Withdrawing the senses from their objects, one should fix the mind upon the soul; having previously undergone the severest austerities, one should practise that concentration of mind

अध्याय 14

श्लोक 39.11

तमः शूद्रे रजः कषत्रे बराह्मणे सत्त्वम उत्तमम इत्य एवं तरिषु वर्णेषु विवर्तन्ते गुणास तरयः

tamaḥ śūdre rajaḥ kaṣatre barāhmaṇe sattvama uttamama itya evaṃ tariṣu varṇeṣu vivartante guṇāsa tarayaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

सूक्ष्मतत््वकी खोजके लिये इस प्रकार चिन्ता करने लगे

English

Darkness in the shudra, passion in the kshatriya, goodness in the brahmin the best: so the three qualities turn in the three classes.

अध्याय 14

श्लोक 39.12

दूराद अपि हि दृश्यन्ते सहिताः संघचारिणः तमः सत्त्वं रजश चैव पृथक्त्वं नानुशुश्रुम

dūrāda api hi dṛśyante sahitāḥ saṃghacāriṇaḥ tamaḥ sattvaṃ rajaśa caiva pṛthaktvaṃ nānuśuśruma

हिन्दी अर्थ

अन्यत्र बाणान् धास्यामि शत्रुभि: परिवारित:

English

Even from afar they are seen together, moving in groups; darkness, goodness and passion have not been heard of as separate.

अध्याय 14

श्लोक 39.13

दृष्ट्वा चादित्यम उद्यन्तं कुचॊराणां भयं भवेत अध्वगाः परितप्येरंस तृष्णार्ता दुःखभागिनः

dṛṣṭvā cādityama udyantaṃ kucòrāṇāṃ bhayaṃ bhaveta adhvagāḥ paritapyeraṃsa tṛṣṇārtā duḥkhabhāginaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

मन: प्रति सुतीक्षणाग्रानहं मोक्ष्यामि सायकान्

English

At the sight of the rising sun, fear arises for bad thieves, and travellers are tormented, afflicted by thirst and suffering.

अध्याय 14

श्लोक 39.14

आदित्यः सत्त्वम उद्दिष्टं कुचॊरास तु यथा तमः परितापॊ ऽधवगानां च राजसॊ गुण उच्यते

ādityaḥ sattvama uddiṣṭaṃ kucòrāsa tu yathā tamaḥ paritāpò 'dhavagānāṃ ca rājasò guṇa ucyate

हिन्दी अर्थ

मनपर ही तीखे बाणोंका प्रहार करूँगा

English

The sun is said to be goodness, the bad thieves darkness, and the travellers' torment is called the passionate quality.

अध्याय 14

श्लोक 39.15

पराकाश्यं सत्त्वम आदित्ये संतापॊ राजसॊ गुणः उपप्लवस तु विज्ञेयस तामसस तस्य पर्वसु

parākāśyaṃ sattvama āditye saṃtāpò rājasò guṇaḥ upaplavasa tu vijñeyasa tāmasasa tasya parvasu

हिन्दी अर्थ

तवैव मर्म भेत्स्यन्ति भिन्नमर्मा मरिष्यसि

English

In the sun, illumination is goodness, heat is the passionate quality, and the eclipse of it at the new and full moon should be known as dark.

अध्याय 14

श्लोक 39.16

एवं जयॊतिःषु सर्वेषु विवर्तन्ते गुणास तरयः पर्यायेण च वर्तन्ते तत्र तत्र तथा तथा

evaṃ jayòtiḥṣu sarveṣu vivartante guṇāsa tarayaḥ paryāyeṇa ca vartante tatra tatra tathā tathā

हिन्दी अर्थ

तच्छुत्वा स विचिन्त्याथ ततो वचनमत्रवीत्

English

So in all lights the three qualities turn, and go on in succession here and there as they do.

अध्याय 14

श्लोक 39.17

सथावरेषु च भूतेषु तिर्यग भावगतं तमः राजसास तु विवर्तन्ते सनेहभावस तु सात्त्विकः

sathāvareṣu ca bhūteṣu tiryaga bhāvagataṃ tamaḥ rājasāsa tu vivartante sanehabhāvasa tu sāttvikaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

तवैव मर्म भेत्स्यन्ति भिन्नमर्मा मरिष्यसि

English

In immovable beings darkness has gone to animal state; the passionate turn about, and a state of affection is goodness.

अध्याय 14

श्लोक 39.18

अहस तरिधा तु विज्ञेयं तरिधा रात्रिर विधीयते मासार्धम आस वर्षाणि ऋतवः संधयस तथा

ahasa taridhā tu vijñeyaṃ taridhā rātrira vidhīyate māsārdhama āsa varṣāṇi ṛtavaḥ saṃdhayasa tathā

हिन्दी अर्थ

तच्छुत्वा स विचिन्त्याथ ततो वचनमब्रवीत्

English

The day should be known as threefold, the night is ordained threefold; the fortnights, months, years, seasons and junctures likewise.

अध्याय 14

श्लोक 39.19

तरिधा दानानि दीयन्ते तरिधा यज्ञः परवर्तते तरिधा लॊकास तरिधा वेदास तरिधा विद्यास तरिधा गतिः

taridhā dānāni dīyante taridhā yajñaḥ paravartate taridhā lòkāsa taridhā vedāsa taridhā vidyāsa taridhā gatiḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्माज्जिद्धां प्रति शरान् प्रतिमोक्ष्याम्पहं शितान्

English

Gifts are given threefold, sacrifice proceeds threefold, the worlds are threefold, the Vedas threefold, the sciences threefold, the goals threefold.

अध्याय 14

श्लोक 39.20

भूतं भव्यं भविष्यच च धर्मॊ ऽरथः काम इत्य अपि पराणापानाव उदानश चाप्य एत एव तरयॊ गुणाः

bhūtaṃ bhavyaṃ bhaviṣyaca ca dharmò 'rathaḥ kāma itya api parāṇāpānāva udānaśa cāpya eta eva tarayò guṇāḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

तवैव मर्म भेत्स्यन्ति भिन्नमर्मा मरिष्यसि

English

Past, future and present, dharma, wealth and desire, prana, apana and udana: these are the three qualities.

अध्याय 14

श्लोक 39.21

यत किं चिद इह वै लॊके सर्वम एष्व एव तन्त्रिषु तरयॊ गुणाः परवर्तन्ते अव्यक्ता नित्यम एव तु सत्त्वं रजस तमश चैव गुणसर्गः सनातनः

yata kiṃ cida iha vai lòke sarvama eṣva eva tantriṣu tarayò guṇāḥ paravartante avyaktā nityama eva tu sattvaṃ rajasa tamaśa caiva guṇasargaḥ sanātanaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

तच्छुत्वा स विचिन्त्याथ ततो वचनमत्रवीत्

English

Whatever there is in this world, all of it is in these systems; the three qualities go on unmanifest always; goodness, passion and darkness are the eternal creation of the qualities.

अध्याय 14

श्लोक 39.22

तमॊ ऽवयक्तं शिवं नित्यम अजं यॊनिः सनातनः परकृतिर विकारः परलयः परधानं परभवाप्ययौ

tamò 'vayaktaṃ śivaṃ nityama ajaṃ yòniḥ sanātanaḥ parakṛtira vikāraḥ paralayaḥ paradhānaṃ parabhavāpyayau

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्मात् त्वचं पाटयिष्ये विविध: कड़कपत्रिभि:

English

Darkness is the unmanifest, auspicious, eternal, unborn, the eternal womb; nature, modification, dissolution, Pradhana, origin and end.

अध्याय 14

श्लोक 39.23

अनुद्रिक्तम अनूनं च हय अकम्पम अचलं धरुवम सद असच चैव तत सर्वम अव्यक्तं तरिगुणं समृतम जञेयानि नामधेयानि नरैर अध्यात्मचिन्तकैः

anudriktama anūnaṃ ca haya akampama acalaṃ dharuvama sada asaca caiva tata sarvama avyaktaṃ tariguṇaṃ samṛtama jañeyāni nāmadheyāni naraira adhyātmacintakaiḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

तवैव मर्म भेत्स्यन्ति भिन्नमर्मा मरिष्यसि

English

Unsurging, undiminished, unshaking, unmoving, firm, being and non-being: all that is held the unmanifest of three qualities. Its names are to be known by men who contemplate the Self.

अध्याय 14

श्लोक 39.24

अव्यक्तनामानि गुणांश च तत्त्वतॊ; यॊ वेद सर्वाणि गतीश च केवलाः विमुक्तदेहः परविभाग तत्त्ववित; स मुच्यते सर गुणैर निरामयः

avyaktanāmāni guṇāṃśa ca tattvatò; yò veda sarvāṇi gatīśa ca kevalāḥ vimuktadehaḥ paravibhāga tattvavita; sa mucyate sara guṇaira nirāmayaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

तच्छुत्वा स विचिन्त्याथ ततो वचनमब्रवीत्

English

One who truly knows the names of the unmanifest and the qualities, all the paths and the only ones, freed from body, knowing the truth of division, is freed from all the qualities and free of ailment.

अध्याय 14

श्लोक 40.1

[बर] अव्यक्तात पूर्वम उत्पन्नॊ महान आत्मा महामतिः आदिर गुणानां सर्वेषां परथमः सर्ग उच्यते

[bara] avyaktāta pūrvama utpannò mahāna ātmā mahāmatiḥ ādira guṇānāṃ sarveṣāṃ parathamaḥ sarga ucyate

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्माद् बुद्धि प्रति शरान् प्रतिमोक्ष्याम्पहं शितान्

English

Emancipation, l Observant of penances and always practising concentration of mind, the learned Brahmana, endued with intelligence, should observe the precepts of the science of Yoga, beholding the soul in the body. If the good man succeeds in concentrating the mind on the soul, he then, habituated to exclusive meditation, beholds the Supreme soul in his own soul. Self-restrained, and always concentrated, and with all his senses completely conquered, the man of cleansed soul, in consequence of such complete concentration of mind, succeeds in beholding the soul by the soul. As a person beholding some unseen individual in a dream recognises him, saying,— This is he,— when he sees him after waking, after the same manner the good man having seen the Supreme Soul in the deep contemplation of Samadhi recognises it upon waking from Samadhi. 2 As one beholds the fibrous pith after extracting it from a blade of the Saccharum Munja, even so the Yogin beholds the soul, extracting it from the body. The body has been called the Saccharum Munja, and the fibrous pith is said to stand for the soul. This is the excellent illustration propounded by persons conversant with Yoga. When the bearer of a body adequately beholds the soul in Yoga, he then has no one that is master over him, for he then becomes the lord of the three worlds. 3 He succeeds in assuming diverse bodies according as he wishes. Turning away decrepitude and death, he neither grieves nor exults. The self-restrained man, concentrated in Yoga, can create (for himself) the godship of the very gods. Casting off his transient body he attains to immutable Brahma. 4 No fear springs up in him at even the sight of all creatures falling victims to destruction (before his eyes). When all creatures are afflicted,— he can never be afflicted by any one. Devoid of desire and possessed of a tranquil mind, the person in Yoga is never shaken by pain and sorrow and fear, the terrible effects that flow from attachment and affection. Weapons never pierce him; death does not exist for him. Nowhere in the world can be seen any one that is happier than he. Having adequately concentrated his soul, he lives steadily on himself. Turning off decrepitude and pain and pleasure, he sleeps in comfort. Casting off this human body he attains to (other) forms according to his pleasure. While one is enjoying the sovereignty that Yoga bestows, one should never fall away from devotion to Yoga. 5 When one, after adequate devotion to Yoga, beholds

अध्याय 14

श्लोक 40.2

महान आत्मा मतिर विष्णुर विश्वः शम्भुश च वीर्यवान बुद्धिः परज्ञॊपलब्धिश च तथा खयातिर धृतिः समृतिः

mahāna ātmā matira viṣṇura viśvaḥ śambhuśa ca vīryavāna buddhiḥ parajñòpalabdhiśa ca tathā khayātira dhṛtiḥ samṛtiḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

इस बुद्धिपर ही अपने तीक्ष्ण सायकोंका प्रहार करूँगा

English

oneself, one then ceases to have any regard for even him of a hundred sacrifices (Indra). I Hear now how one, habituating oneself to exclusive meditation, succeeds in attaining to Yoga. Thinking of that point of the compass which has the Sun behind it, the mind should be fixed, not outside, but in the interior of that mansion in which one may happen to live. Residing within that mansion, the mind should then, with all its outward and inward (operations), behold in that particular room in which one may stay. At that time when, having deeply meditated, one beholds the All (viz., Brahman, the Soul of the universe), there is then nothing external to Brahman where the mind may dwell. Restraining all the senses in a forest that is free from noise and that is uninhabited, with mind fixed thereon, one should meditate on the All (or universal Brahman) both outside and inside one's body. One should meditate on the teeth, the palate, the tongue, the throat, the neck likewise; one should also meditate on the heart and the ligatures of the

अध्याय 14

श्लोक 40.3

पर्याय वाचकैः शब्दैर महान आत्मा विभाव्यते तं जानन बराह्मणॊ विद्वान न परमॊहं निगच्छति

paryāya vācakaiḥ śabdaira mahāna ātmā vibhāvyate taṃ jānana barāhmaṇò vidvāna na paramòhaṃ nigacchati

हिन्दी अर्थ

अन्यान् बाणान् समीक्षस्व यैस्त्वं मां सूदयिष्यसि

English

The great Self is described by words that are synonyms; the wise brahmin who knows it does not come to delusion.

अध्याय 14

श्लोक 40.4

सर्वतः पाणिपादश च सर्वतॊ ऽकषिशिरॊमुखः सर्वतः शरुतिमाँल लॊके सर्वं वयाप्य स तिष्ठति

sarvataḥ pāṇipādaśa ca sarvatò 'kaṣiśiròmukhaḥ sarvataḥ śarutimā~la lòke sarvaṃ vayāpya sa tiṣṭhati

हिन्दी अर्थ

नाध्यगच्छत् परं शक्‍त्या बाणमेतेषु सप्तसु

English

With hands and feet everywhere, with eyes, heads and mouths everywhere, with hearing everywhere in the world, it stands pervading all.

अध्याय 14

श्लोक 40.5

महाप्रभार्चिः पुरुषः सर्वस्य हृदि निश्रितः अणिमा लघिमा पराप्तिर ईशानॊ जयॊतिर अव्ययः

mahāprabhārciḥ puruṣaḥ sarvasya hṛdi niśritaḥ aṇimā laghimā parāptira īśānò jayòtira avyayaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

दूसरा कोई कल्याणकारी साधन नहीं प्रतीत हुआ

English

The Person of great light and flame, lodged in the heart of all, minuteness, lightness, attainment, lordship, imperishable light:

अध्याय 14

श्लोक 40.6

तत्र बुद्धिमतां लॊकाः संन्यासनिरताश च ये धयानिनॊ नित्ययॊगाश च सत्यसंधा जितेन्द्रियाः

tatra buddhimatāṃ lòkāḥ saṃnyāsaniratāśa ca ye dhayāninò nityayògāśa ca satyasaṃdhā jitendriyāḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

स एकाग्रं मन: कृत्वा निश्चलो योगमास्थित:

English

there are the worlds of the wise, of those devoted to renunciation, the meditators, constant yogis, true to their promises and masters of their senses,

अध्याय 14

श्लोक 40.7

जञानवन्तश च ये के चिद अलुब्धा जितमन्यवः परसन्नमनसॊ धीरा निर्ममा निरहंकृताः विमुक्ताः सर्व एवैते महत्त्वम उपयान्ति वै

jañānavantaśa ca ye ke cida alubdhā jitamanyavaḥ parasannamanasò dhīrā nirmamā nirahaṃkṛtāḥ vimuktāḥ sarva evaite mahattvama upayānti vai

हिन्दी अर्थ

योगेनात्मानमाविश्य सिद्धि परमिकां गत:

English

and some who are learned, free of greed, anger conquered, calm of mind, steadfast, without possessiveness or ego: all these, freed, attain greatness.

अध्याय 14

श्लोक 40.8

आत्मनॊ महतॊ वेद यः पुण्यां गतिम उत्तमाम स धीरः सर्वलॊकेषु न मॊहम अधिगच्छति विष्णुर एवादि सर्गेषु सवयम्भूर भवति परभुः

ātmanò mahatò veda yaḥ puṇyāṃ gatima uttamāma sa dhīraḥ sarvalòkeṣu na mòhama adhigacchati viṣṇura evādi sargeṣu savayambhūra bhavati parabhuḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

इति पश्चान्मया ज्ञातं योगान्नास्ति परं सुखम्

English

The steadfast one who knows the holy highest goal of the great Self does not come to delusion in all worlds; Vishnu himself becomes the lord, self-existent, in the first creations.

अध्याय 14

श्लोक 40.9

एवं हि यॊ वेद गुहा शयं परभुं; नरः पुराणं पुरुषं विश्वरूपम हिरण्मयं बुद्धिमतां परां गतिं; स बुद्धिमान बुद्धिम अतीत्य तिष्ठति

evaṃ hi yò veda guhā śayaṃ parabhuṃ; naraḥ purāṇaṃ puruṣaṃ viśvarūpama hiraṇmayaṃ buddhimatāṃ parāṃ gatiṃ; sa buddhimāna buddhima atītya tiṣṭhati

हिन्दी अर्थ

आस्थित: सुमहाभागो ययौ सिद्धि च दुर्गमाम्

English

The man who thus knows the lord who rests in the cave, the ancient Person of universal form, golden, the highest goal of the wise, the wise one stands beyond understanding.

अध्याय 14

श्लोक 41.1

[बर] य उत्पन्नॊ महान पूर्वम अहंकारः स उच्यते अहम इत्य एव संभूतॊ दवितीयः सर्ग उच्यते

[bara] ya utpannò mahāna pūrvama ahaṃkāraḥ sa ucyate ahama itya eva saṃbhūtò davitīyaḥ sarga ucyate

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रहर्ष: प्रीतिरानन्दस्त्रयस्ते सात््चिका गुणा:

English

"The Brahmana continued, 'Thus addressed by me, that intelligent disciple, O slayer of Madhu, once more asked me about this religion of Emancipation that is so difficult to explain. How does this food that is eaten from time to time become digested in the stomach? How does it become transformed into juice? How, again, into blood? How does it nourish the flesh, the marrow, the sinews, the bones? How do all these limbs of embodied creatures grow? How does the strength grow of the growing man? How occurs the escape of all such elements as are not nutritive, and of all impurities separately? How does this one inhale and again, exhale? Staying upon what particular part does the Soul dwell in the body? How does Jiva, exerting himself, bear the body? Of what colour and of what kind is the body in which he dwells again (leaving a particular body)? O holy one, it behoveth thee to tell me all this accurately, O sinless one,— even thus was I interrogated by that learned Brahmana, O Madhava. I replied unto him, O thou of mighty arms, after the manner I myself had heard, O chastiser of all foes. As one placing some

अध्याय 14

श्लोक 41.2

अहंकारश च भूतादिर वैकारिक इति समृतः तेजसश चेतना धातुः परजा सर्गः परजापतिः

ahaṃkāraśa ca bhūtādira vaikārika iti samṛtaḥ tejasaśa cetanā dhātuḥ parajā sargaḥ parajāpatiḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

जेतुं परानुत्सहते प्रशान्तात्मा जितेन्द्रिय:

English

precious object in one's store-room should keep one's mind on it, so, placing the mind within one's own body, one should then, restraining all the senses, seek after the Soul, avoiding all heedlessness. One would, becoming always assiduous in this way and gratified with one's own self, within a very short time attain to that Brahma by beholding which one would become conversant with Pradhana. I He is not capable of being seized by the eye; nor even by all the senses. 2 It is only with the lamp of the mind that great Soul can be seen. He has hands and feet on all sides; he has ears on all sides; he dwells, pervading all things in the world. 3 Jiva beholds the Soul as extracted from the body (like the stalk from a blade of Saccharum Munja, when knowledge comes). Then casting off Brahma as invested with form, by holding the mind in the body, he beholds Brahma as freed from all attributes. 4 He sees the Soul with his mind, smiling as it were at the time. Depending upon that Brahma, he then attains to Emancipation in me. 5 O foremost of regenerate ones, all this mystery has now been declared by me. I ask thy permission, for I shall leave this spot. Do thou (also) go withersoever thou pleasest. Thus addressed by me, O Krishna, on that occasion, that disciple of mine, endued with austere penances, that Brahmana of rigid vows, went away according to his pleasure.

अध्याय 14

श्लोक 41.3

देवानां परभवॊ देवॊ मनसश च तरिलॊककृत अहम इत्य एव तत सर्वम अभिमन्ता स उच्यते

devānāṃ parabhavò devò manasaśa ca tarilòkakṛta ahama itya eva tata sarvama abhimantā sa ucyate

हिन्दी अर्थ

द्वारा इन पूर्वोक्त गुणोंका उच्छेद करके दूसरोंको जीतनेका उत्साह करते हैं

English

" Vasudeva continued, 'That best of Brahmanas, O son of Pritha, having said these words unto me, on that occasion, properly relating to the religion of Emancipation, disappeared then and there. Has this discourse been heard by thee, O son of Pritha, with mind directed solely towards it? Even this was what thou didst hear on that occasion while thou wert on thy car. It is my opinion, O son of Pritha, that this is difficult of being comprehended by one whose understanding is confused, or who has acquired no wisdom by study, or who eats food incompatible with his body, or whose Soul is not purified. 6 O chief of Bharata's race, this is a great mystery among the deities that has been declared (to thee). At no time or place, O son of Pritha, has this been heard by man in this world. O sinless one, no other man than thyself is deserving of hearing it. It is not, at this time, capable of being easily understood by one whose inner soul is confused. The world of the deities is filled, O son of Kunti, with those who follow the religion of actions. The cessation of the mortal

अध्याय 14

श्लोक 41.4

अध्यात्मज्ञाननित्यानां मुनीनां भावितात्मनाम सवाध्यायक्रतुसिद्धानाम एष लॊकः सनातनः

adhyātmajñānanityānāṃ munīnāṃ bhāvitātmanāma savādhyāyakratusiddhānāma eṣa lòkaḥ sanātanaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

अम्बरीषेण या गीता राज्ञा पूर्व प्रशाम्यता

English

" Vasudeva continued, 'That best of Brahmanas, O son of Pritha, having said these words unto me, on that occasion, properly relating to the religion of Emancipation, disappeared then and there. Has this discourse been heard by thee, O son of Pritha, with mind directed solely towards it? Even this was what thou didst hear on that occasion while thou wert on thy car. It is my opinion, O son of Pritha, that this is difficult of being comprehended by one whose understanding is confused, or who has acquired no wisdom by study, or who eats food incompatible with his body, or whose Soul is not purified. 6 O chief of Bharata's race, this is a great mystery among the deities that has been declared (to thee). At no time or place, O son of Pritha, has this been heard by man in this world. O sinless one, no other man than thyself is deserving of hearing it. It is not, at this time, capable of being easily understood by one whose inner soul is confused. The world of the deities is filled, O son of Kunti, with those who follow the religion of actions. The cessation of the mortal

अध्याय 14

श्लोक 41.5

अहंकारेणाहरतॊ गुणान इमान; भूतादिर एवं सृजते स भूतकृत वैकारिकः सर्वम इदं विचेष्टते; सवतेजसा रज्ड्जयते जगत तथा

ahaṃkāreṇāharatò guṇāna imāna; bhūtādira evaṃ sṛjate sa bhūtakṛta vaikārikaḥ sarvama idaṃ viceṣṭate; savatejasā rajḍjayate jagata tathā

हिन्दी अर्थ

कभी शान्तिपरायण महाराज अम्बरीषने इस गाथाका गान किया था

English

" Vasudeva continued, 'That best of Brahmanas, O son of Pritha, having said these words unto me, on that occasion, properly relating to the religion of Emancipation, disappeared then and there. Has this discourse been heard by thee, O son of Pritha, with mind directed solely towards it? Even this was what thou didst hear on that occasion while thou wert on thy car. It is my opinion, O son of Pritha, that this is difficult of being comprehended by one whose understanding is confused, or who has acquired no wisdom by study, or who eats food incompatible with his body, or whose Soul is not purified. 6 O chief of Bharata's race, this is a great mystery among the deities that has been declared (to thee). At no time or place, O son of Pritha, has this been heard by man in this world. O sinless one, no other man than thyself is deserving of hearing it. It is not, at this time, capable of being easily understood by one whose inner soul is confused. The world of the deities is filled, O son of Kunti, with those who follow the religion of actions. The cessation of the mortal

स्रोत: bhavykhatri/DharmicData · प्राप्त 1/6/2026

शास्त्रीय प्रामाणिकता एवं पारदर्शकताSources & Interpretation

स्रोत, संस्करण एवं व्याख्या वर्गीकरण

धर्म ग्रंथ पर मूल शास्त्र, पारंपरिक भाष्य और आधुनिक व्याख्या को पूर्णतः पृथक रखा जाता है ताकि पाठक को किसी भी व्याख्या के शास्त्र होने का भ्रम न हो।

सामग्री वर्गीकरण संकेत (Epistemic Content Labels)

6 स्तरिय प्रमाण व्यवस्था
मूल पाठOriginal text

अपौरुषेय / प्रामाणिक शास्त्र (Primary Canonical Scripture)

मूल संस्कृत, प्राकृत अथवा अवधी श्लोक/मंत्र। यह सर्वोच्च प्रमाण (प्रस्थान) है। इस पाठ में किसी भी आधुनिक व्याख्याकार का हस्तक्षेप नहीं है।

शाब्दिक अनुवादLiteral translation

पदार्थ व अन्वय (Direct Grammatical & Word-for-Word Meaning)

व्याकरणसम्मत प्रत्यक्ष शब्दार्थ (अन्वय)। बिना किसी दार्शनिक संप्रदाय के पूर्वाग्रह के, संस्कृत शब्दों का सटीक भाषांतर।

पारंपरिक भाष्यTraditional commentary

आचार्य परंपरा व टीका (Classical Lineage Commentary)

प्राचीन आचार्य परंपरा (यथा शंकराचार्य, रामानुजाचार्य, मध्वाचार्य, श्रीधर स्वामी) द्वारा विरचित शास्त्रीय भाष्य व टीकाएं।

सरल व्याख्याSimple explanation

भावार्थ व सुबोध प्रबोधन (Accessible Pedagogical Exposition)

आधुनिक जिज्ञासुओं के लिए सरल भाषा में भावार्थ। यह मूल मंत्र नहीं, बल्कि पाठ को सुगम बनाने हेतु संपादकीय व्याख्या है।

आधुनिक चिंतनModern reflection

समसामयिक विमर्श व अनुप्रयोग (Contemporary Application & Analysis)

दार्शनिक, मनोवैज्ञानिक व वैज्ञानिक समरूपताओं पर आधुनिक चिंतन। यह मूल शास्त्र का अंग नहीं है और इसे शास्त्रोक्त सिद्धांत के रूप में नहीं देखा जाना चाहिए।

शोध टिप्पणीResearch note

पांडुलिपि एवं ऐतिहासिक शोध (Critical Apparatus & Manuscript Research)

पांडुलिपि विविधताएं, पाठ-भेद (variant readings), छंद रचना, और ऐतिहासिक व तुलनात्मक भाषावैज्ञानिक शोध। यह शास्त्र का मूल संदेश बदलने हेतु नहीं, बल्कि पाठ की प्रामाणिकता परखने के लिए है।