Ashvamedha Parva

हिन्दी अर्थ

जग्राह तरसा राज्यमम्बरीषो महायशा:

English

form (by practising the religion of inaction) is not agreeable to the deities, l That goal, O son of Pritha, is the highest which is constituted by eternal Brahman where one, casting off the body, attains to immortality and becomes always happy. By adhering to this religion, even they who axe of sinful birth, such as women and Vaisyas and Sudras, attain to the highest goal. What need be said then, O son of Pritha, of Brahmanas and Kshatriyas possessed of great learning, always devoted to the duties of their own orders and who are intent on (the acquisition of) the region of Brahma? This has been laid down with the reasons (on which it rests); and also the means for its acquisition; and its complete attainment and fruit, viz., Emancipation and the ascertainment of the truth regarding pain. O chief of Bharata's race, there is nothing else that is fraught with happiness greater than this. That mortal, O son of Pandu, who, endued with intelligence, and faith, and prowess, renounces as unsubstantial what is regarded as substantial by the world, succeeds within a short time in obtaining the Supreme by these means. This is all that is to be said,— there is nothing else that is higher than this. Yoga takes place in his case, O son of Pritha, who devotes himself to its constant practice for a period of six months.'"

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्राचीन इतिहासका उदाहरण दिया जाता है

English

Beings are bewildered in the five great elements, in sound, touch, form, taste, smell and action.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विषयं नाधिगच्छामि विचिन्वन् पृथिवीमहम्

English

At the end of the destruction of the great elements, when dissolution has come, great fear arises, steadfast one, for all who bear life.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नाध्यगच्छमहं बुद्ध्या ममेदमिति यद् भवेत्

English

If a being is born from something, it dissolves back into it; they dissolve in reverse order and are born in succeeding order.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इत्यर्थ सर्व एवेति समारम्भा भवन्ति वै

English

Then when all beings, immovable and moving, are dissolved, the steadfast, remembering, are never dissolved.

हिन्दी अर्थ

बहु चाल्प॑ च संक्षिप्तं विप्लुतं च मतं मम

English

Sound, touch, form, taste, and smell as fifth, joined with action and cause, are impermanent, called delusion.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ग्रहीतुं येन यच्छक्यं लक्षणं तस्य तत् क्व नु

English

Joined with greed and procreation, without distinction, owning nothing, masses of flesh and blood, living on one another,

हिन्दी अर्थ

उपायमेव वक्ष्यामि येन गृहोत वा न वा

English

they are called external selves, wretched, of miserable conduct. Prana, apana, udana, samana and vyana,

हिन्दी अर्थ

व्यक्तरूप अंशोंकी कल्पना कर लें

English

these five winds are called the inner self; with speech, mind and intellect, they make the world eight-fold.

हिन्दी अर्थ

महाराज अम्बरीषने बलपूर्वक राज्यकी बागडोर अपने हाथमें ली

English

sarvamasmityabhimanamapyakurvan i.e., 'without even retaining the consciousness of his own identity with everything.' Kinchikachintayan—i.e., not even thinking that he is existing. Purvam purvam parity ajy a implies the gradual merging of the grosser in the subtler, i.e., the successive stages of Yoga before absorption into Brahman. I follow Nilakantha.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जगाम महतीं सिद्धि गाथाश्षेमा जगाद ह

English

mudham implies 'without ease or happiness, endued with slavery and ignorance.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

सिद्धि प्राप्त हुई और उन्होंने यह गाथा गायी--

English

superinduced upon it by Ne-science or ignorance.

हिन्दी अर्थ

संसारमें नीच कर्मोंकी ओर दौड़ता है, सचेत नहीं होता

English

Brahman. Dissociation from attributes while enjoying them implies an emancipate condition.

हिन्दी अर्थ

त॑ लोभमसिभिस्तीणैर्निकृत्य सुखमेधते

English

individual existence by absorption into universal and eternal Brahman.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मृत्युं पुनर्गच्छति जन्मनैव

English

The latter, again, should be destroyed before absorption into Brahman can occur.

हिन्दी अर्थ

बन्धनमें पड़ता है

English

Other undifferentiated things are joined with action. In both, the mind is to be known, and the intellect is the twelfth.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मात्मैव राजा विदितो यथावत्

English

These eleven senses have been told by me in order; the wise, knowing them, think "it is done".

हिन्दी अर्थ

अधिराज्यं पुरस्कृत्य लोभमेकं॑ निकृन्तता

English

Beings have three places; a fourth does not occur: land, water and sky; birth too is fourfold.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उच्छेद करते हुए उपर्युक्त गाथाका गान किया था

English

Egg-born, sprouting, sweat-born and womb-born: this fourfold birth is marked for the whole host of beings.

हिन्दी अर्थ

--“ब्रह्मन! आप मेरे देशसे बाहर चले जाइये”

English

Know the immovable beings, and also those that move in the air, as egg-born, and all creeping things too.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आचक्ष्व विषयं राजन् यावांस्तव वशे स्थित:

English

Sweat-born are said to be worms and such creatures; this second birth is called the lowest.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जितना देश है, उसकी सीमा बताइये

English

Beings that are born, at the turn of time, by splitting the earth, best of brahmins, are called sprouts.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वचस्ते कर्तुमिच्छामि यथाशास्त्रं महीपते

English

Two-footed and many-footed beings, and those going across, know them, good ones, to be womb-born.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मुहुरुष्णं विनि:श्वस्य न किंचित् प्रत्यभाषत

English

The eternal womb of Brahman is to be known as twofold here: austerity and action, which is merit; so is the view of the wise.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कुछ जवाब न दे सके

English

Action is to be known as twofold: sacrifice and giving at the sacrifice; and study by one who is born is merit: so say the aged.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कश्मलं सहसागच्छद् भानुमन्तमिव ग्रह:

English

One who knows this by rule, best of brahmins, would be a chief; and learn this too: that he is freed from all sins.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रकार मोहने सहसा घेर लिया जैसे राहु ग्रह सूर्यको घेर लेता है

English

Space is the first element; hearing is its spiritual aspect, sound its elemental aspect, the directions its divine aspect.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततो मुहूर्तादिव त॑ ब्राह्मणं वाक्यमब्रवीत्

English

The second element is wind; skin is its spiritual aspect, the touchable its elemental, lightning its divine aspect.

हिन्दी अर्थ

रहनेके बाद वे ब्राह्मणसे बोले

English

The third they call light; the eye is the spiritual aspect, form the elemental, the sun the divine aspect.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मुझे अपना देश नहीं दिखायी देता

English

The fourth is to be known as water; the tongue is the spiritual aspect, taste the elemental here, the moon the divine aspect.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नाध्यगच्छं यदा तस्यां स्वप्रजा मार्गिता मया

English

Earth is the fifth element; the nose is the spiritual aspect, smell the elemental, wind the divine aspect.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अधिकारका निश्चय न हुआ, तब मुझे मोह हो गया

English

This is the fourfold rule among the five elements. Next I shall tell all the senses, threefold.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततो मे कश्मलस्यान्ते मति: पुनरुपस्थिता

English

Brahmins who see reality say the feet are the spiritual aspect; the elemental is what is to be gone to, and Vishnu the divine aspect.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आत्मापि चायं न मम सर्वा वा पृथिवी मम

English

The downward-going apana and the anus are the spiritual aspect; discharge is the elemental, Mitra the divine aspect.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उष्यतां यावदुत्साहो भुज्यतां यावदुष्यते

English

The generative organ of all beings is called the spiritual aspect; semen the elemental, and Prajapati the deity.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्रूहि कां मतिमास्थाय ममत्वं वर्जित त्वया

English

Those who know the spiritual call the hands the spiritual aspect; actions are the elemental, Shakra the divine aspect.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ममताको त्याग दिया है?

English

The Vaishvadevi, with mind first, speech is here called the spiritual; the speakable is elemental, and Fire the divine aspect.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नावैषि विषयं येन सर्वो वा विषयस्तव

English

They call the mind spiritual, following the five elements; the thinkable is elemental, and the Moon the divine aspect.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नाध्यगच्छमहं तस्मान्ममेदमिति यद् भवेत्

English

They call the intellect spiritual, moving among the six senses; the knowable is elemental, and Brahma the divine aspect.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पड़ती, जिसे अपनी कह सकें

English

This rule of the spiritual has been told to you by me truly; knowledge of it, knowers of dharma, is gained here by the wise.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शृणु बुद्धि च यां ज्ञात्वा सर्वत्र विषयो मम

English

The senses, the objects of the senses and the five great elements: one should reflect on all these, joining them with the mind.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जिस बुद्धिका आश्रय लेकर मैं सर्वत्र अपना ही राज्य समझता हूँ, उसको सुनो

English

When the whole mind is exhausted, birth is not sought for happiness; that is the happiness the wise hold for those whose goodness is endowed with knowledge.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्मान्मे निर्जिता भूमिर्वशे तिष्ठति नित्यदा

English

Next I shall tell the auspicious withdrawal from all beings that makes for subtle states, by gentle or by harsh means.

हिन्दी अर्थ

चाहता। इसलिये मैंने पृथ्वीको जीत लिया है और वह सदा ही मेरे वशमें रहती है

English

Without attachment to qualities or non-qualities, a solitary course follows; they say this conduct from the brahmin is the one-step happiness.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इसलिये जलतत्त्वपर भी मैं विजय पा चुका हूँ और वह सदा मेरे अधीन रहता है

English

The learned man who withdraws all desires from everywhere, like a tortoise its limbs, free of passion, freed everywhere, is always happy.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इसलिये मैंने तेजको जीत लिया है और वह सदा मेरे अधीन रहता है

English

Restraining desires in the self, with thirst exhausted, composed, a friend of all beings, kindly, he goes to Brahman-hood.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्मान्मे निर्जितो वायुर्वशे तिष्ठति नित्यदा

English

By restraint of all the senses that seek objects and by the sage's abandoning of the settled country, the spiritual fire is kindled.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मेरे द्वारा जीता हुआ वायु सदा मेरे वशमें रहता है

English

As a fire kindled by fuel shines with great light, so by restraint of the senses the great Self shines.

हिन्दी अर्थ

चाहता, इसलिये मेरे द्वारा जीता हुआ मन सदा मेरे वशमें रहता है

English

When, serene in self, he sees beings in the heart of the self, self-originated, he then attains the subtlest of the subtle, unsurpassed.

हिन्दी अर्थ

त्वज्जिज्ञासार्थमद्येह विद्धि मां धर्ममागतम्

English

Fire is form, water is the stream, wind is touch, earth is the terrible bearer of mud, and space is hearing.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गृहस्थधर्मा व्रतवांस्तथास्मि

English

Filled with passion and grief, covered by five streams, joined with the five elements, nine-doored, with two deities,

हिन्दी अर्थ

मया व्याप्तमिदं सर्व यत् किंचिज्जगतीगतम्

English

menstruating, unseen, threefold and of three constituents, delighting in contact, deluded: this is the notion of the body.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तेषां मामन्तकं विद्धि दारूणामिव पावकम्

English

Hard to move in the world of the living, it depends on goodness; and in this world the wheel of time turns.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तथा बुद्धिरियं वेत्ति बुद्धिरेव धनं मम

English

This terrible, fathomless great ocean called delusion should be let go, drawn in, and awakened with the gods in the world.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गृहेषु वनवासेषु गुरुवासेषु भिक्षुषु

English

By restraint of the senses he gives up desire, anger, fear, delusion, malice and falsehood, so hard to give up.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नानालिड्डाश्रमस्थानां येषां बुद्धि: शमात्मिका

English

One who in the world has conquered these, the three qualities and five elements, has his supreme, endless place seen in space.

हिन्दी अर्थ

समुद्रको प्राप्त होती हैं

English

Having crossed the river with desire as its bank, endless, a stream of mind, terrible, a pool hard to pass, he conquers both desire and anger.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तद्भावभावनिरता ममैवात्मानमेष्यसि

English

Freed from all faults, he then sees the Highest; placing the mind in the mind, he sees the Self in the Self.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमात्मभावकी भावनामें रत रहकर अन्तमें मेरे ही स्वरूपको प्राप्त हो जाओगी

English

The all-knowing one looks at the Self in the Self in all beings, transforming himself in one way and in many, here and there.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तन्मन्ये कारण त्वत्तो यत एषा प्रवर्तते

English

He surely sees forms, as a hundred lamps from one lamp; he is Vishnu, Mitra, Varuna, Fire, Prajapati.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तपःश्रुतेडभिमथ्नीतो ज्ञानाग्निर्जायते तत:

English

He is the Establisher and the Ordainer, the lord facing every way; the great Self shines in the heart of all beings.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ज्ञानरूप अग्नि प्रकट होती है

English

Hosts of brahmins, gods and asuras, yakshas, pishachas, ancestors, birds, hosts of rakshasas and spirits, and great sages always praise him.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अभ्यासके अन्तमें ही होगा

English

possible in consequence of severe austerities undergone previously.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कितनी है? सत्य और तप क्या है? सत्पुरुषोंने किन गुणोंकी प्रशंसा की है?

English

The sheep among all animals, the mouse among those who dwell in holes, the bull among cows, and the man among women.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इहलोकस्थ एवैष ब्रह्म भूयाय कल्पते

English

Banyan, rose-apple, the vishvaka, pipal, silk-cotton, shimshapa, meshashringa, kichaka and bamboo: these are the kings of trees in this world, without doubt.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्वां योनिं समतिक्रम्य वर्तन्ते स्वेन कर्मणा

English

Himavan, Pariyatra, Sadya, Vindhya, Trikutavan, Shveta, Nila, Bhasa and the mountain Kashthavan,

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्योंकि गुणोंसे युक्त हुआ सत्य ही पाँच लक्षणोंवाला निश्चित किया गया है

English

Shubhaskandha, Mahendra and the mountain Malyavan: these are the kings of mountains, and the Maruts of the hosts.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सत्याद् भूतानि जातानि सत्यं भूतमयं जगत्

English

The Sun is lord of the planets, the Moon of the stars, Yama lord of the ancestors, the Ocean of the rivers.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हुआ है। यह भौतिक जगत् सत्यरूप ही है

English

Varuna is king of the waters, Mitra is called the lord of beings, the Sun is lord of the hot, and the Moon is called lord of the lights.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अतीतक्रोधसंतापा नियता धर्मसेविन:

English

Fire is always lord of beings, Brihaspati of brahmins, Soma lord of herbs, Vishnu the best of the mighty.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तानहं सम्प्रवक्ष्यामि शाश्वताल्लॉकभावनान्

English

Tvashtri is sovereign of forms, Shiva lord of animals, sacrifice of gifts, and the sages of the Vedas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

याभ्यां सिद्धिरियं प्राप्ता तावुभी वद मे5च्युत

English

Samadhi, upon awaking from it, he recognises it in the universe, i.e., regards the universe to be nothing else than the Supreme Soul.

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्षेत्रज्ष इति यश्चोक्त: सो5हमेव धनंजय

English

god of the very gods. The causal verb karayate may be taken as equivalent to karoti.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भवतो हि प्रसादेन सूक्ष्मे मे रमते मति:

English

away from the practice of Yoga, tempted by the puissance that Yoga brings. Telang renders the line 'one practising concentration should never become despondent.' I think, Nilakantha is right.

हिन्दी अर्थ

संवादं मोक्षसंयुक्त शिष्यस्य गुरुणा सह

English

tempted by the desire of enjoyment. He, however, who has adequately devoted himself to Yoga feels no regard for Indra himself but can turn him away like Diogenes dismissing Alexander the Great.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शिष्य: पप्रच्छ मेधावी किंस्विच्छेय: परंतप

English

omitting his inferences. The passage relates to the mysteries of Yoga. In the second line of 33, drishtapurvam disam, which has been rendered 'that point of the compass which has the Sun behind it,' means the instructions laid down in the Vedanta as based upon Srutis. Drishtam implies 'Sruti', for it is as authoritative as anything seen. 'Pura' implies a city, a citadel, or a mansion. Here it refers to the body. The avasatha within the pura refers to the chakra or nervous centres beginning with what is called the muladhara. At the time when Brahman is realised, the whole universe appears as Brahman and so nothing exists, besides Brahman, upon which the mind can then dwell. Telang, I think, is not correct in rendering manaschasya ... vahyatah as 'his mind should not any way wander outside'. The correct version would 'the mind is then nowhere,' implying that at that time the mind has nothing else to dwell upon. Kayamabhyantaram is kayamabhi and antaram, i.e., both within and without the body. The several parts of the body named, beginning with teeth, etc, refer to eating and other operations, all of which influence the mind and dispose it for purity and otherwise.

हिन्दी अर्थ

याचे त्वां शिरसा विप्र यद् ब्रूयां ब्रूहि तन्मम

English

Know the goddess Uma as the best and fairest of women; the Earth among delights, and the apsarases among women.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्व॑ तु ते प्रवक्ष्यामि यत्र वै संशयो द्विज

English

Kings are devoted to dharma, brahmins marked by dharma; therefore a king should strive here to protect the twice-born.

हिन्दी अर्थ

संशय है, वह सब मैं तुम्हें बताऊँगा'

English

In the realms of kings where the good languish, those kings are lacking in all their own virtues and go downward after death.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्राउजलि: परिपप्रच्छ यत्तच्छूणु महामते

English

Those in whose kings' realms the good are well protected rejoice in this world and hereafter attain endlessness; know this, best of brahmins, great souls.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कुतो जातानि भूतानि स्थावराणि चराणि च

English

Now I shall tell the fixed mark of dharma: dharma is marked by non-harm, and harm is the mark of adharma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एतान् मे भगवन् प्रश्नान् याथातथ्येन सुव्रत

English

The gods are marked by illumination, men by action; space is marked by sound, and wind by touch.

हिन्दी अर्थ

त्वदन्य: कश्नन प्रश्नानेतान् वक्तुमिहाहति

English

The mark of lights is form, and waters are marked by taste; earth, the supporter of all beings, is marked by smell.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मोक्षधर्मार्थकुशलो भवॉल्लोकेषु गीयते

English

Speech, refined by vowels and consonants, is marked by truth; the mark of mind is thought, and so is the intellect, by connection.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सब प्रकारकी शंकाओंका निवारण कर सके

English

Thinking of objects with the mind, one then determines with the intellect; the intellect is surely marked by determination.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गुरु: कुरुकुलश्रेष्ठ सम्यक् सर्वानरिंदम

English

The great is marked by meditation, the unmanifest by goodness, yoga by activity, and knowledge is marked by renunciation.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वेदविद्यां समाश्रित्य तत्त्वभूतार्थभावनम्

English

Therefore, putting knowledge first, the wise should renounce here; the renouncer joined with knowledge attains the highest goal. Passing beyond dualities, he goes beyond darkness, death and old age.

हिन्दी अर्थ

किया है। उन प्रश्नोंके उत्तरमें परमार्थविषयक विचार किया गया है

English

The dharma joined with its marks has been told to you by me duly. Next I shall rightly tell the grasping of the qualities.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्वभूतस्थमात्मानं स सर्वगतिरिष्यते

English

The quality of earth, smell, is grasped here by the nose; and the wind in the nose is ordained for the knowledge of smell.

हिन्दी अर्थ

(सर्वव्यापक) माना जाता है

English

The element of water, taste, is always grasped by the tongue; and Soma in the tongue is ordained for the knowledge of taste.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तत्त्वतः जानता है, वह दुःखसे मुक्त हो जाता है

English

The quality of light, form, is grasped by the eye; and the Sun in the eye is ordained for the knowledge of form.

हिन्दी अर्थ

होता, वह इस लोकमें रहता हुआ ही ब्रह्मभावको प्राप्त हो जाता है

English

The quality of wind, touch, is known by the skin; and Wind in the skin is ordained for the knowledge of touch.

हिन्दी अर्थ

निर्ममो निरहड्कारो मुच्यते नात्र संशय:

English

The quality of space, sound, is grasped by the ear; and the directions in the ear are proclaimed for the knowledge of sound.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सदापर्ण: सदापुष्प: सदा शुभभलोदय:

English

The quality of mind, thought, is grasped by wisdom; the element of consciousness in the heart is ordained for the knowledge of the mind.

हिन्दी अर्थ

बुद्ध्वा यदिह संसिद्धा भवन्तीह मनीषिण:

English

The intellect, by determination, and the great, by meditation, grasp always by certainty the unmanifest, without doubt.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रजापतिभरद्वाजी गौतमो भार्गवस्तथा

English

The knower of the field, which is without mark, which is eternal and of the nature of no qualities, grasps without a mark; therefore the knower of the field is without mark, marked only by knowledge.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ददृशुर्ब्रह्म भवने ब्रह्माणं वीतकल्मषम्

English

The unmanifest is declared the field, the origin and dissolution of the qualities. I always see, know and hear it dissolved.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पप्रच्छुर्विनयोपेता नै:श्रेयसमिदं परम्

English

The Person knows it; therefore he is called the knower of the field; the knower of the field looks on the whole conduct of the qualities.

हिन्दी अर्थ

के नो मार्गा: शिवाश्र स्यु: कि सत्यं कि च दुष्कृतम्

English

From beginning through middle to end, what is being created is insentient; the qualities do not know the Self, being created again and again.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मार्ग हमारे लिये कल्याणकारक हैं? सत्य क्‍या है? और पाप क्या है?

English

No one knows truth; only the knower of the field finds what is beyond the qualities, the great one beyond the qualities that are the quality-becoming.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जो कुछ कहा, वह मैं तुम्हें शास्त्रानुसार पूर्णतया बताऊँगा, उसे सुनो

English

Therefore, giving up the qualities and the principle here, the knower of truth, his faults exhausted, having left the qualities, enters the knower of the field.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सत्यं हि गुणसंयुक्त नियतं पडचलक्षणम्

English

Free of dualities, without saying "mine", without svadha, motionless and homeless, the knower of the field is the supreme lord.