Anushasana Parva

हिन्दी अर्थ

उभयं कारणं मन्ये न कारणमकारणम्

English

"Bhishma replied, 'Why, O fortunate one, dost thou consider thy soul, which is dependent (on God and Destiny and Time) to be the cause of thy actions? The manifestation of its inaction is subtle and imperceptible to the senses. In this connection is cited the ancient story of the conversation between Mrityu and Gautami with Kala and the Fowler and the serpent. There was, O son of Kunti, an old lady of the name of Gautami, who was possessed of great patience and tranquillity of mind. One day she found her son dead in consequence of having been bitten by a serpent. An angry fowler, by name Arjunaka, bound the serpent with a string and brought it before Gautami. He then said to her, —This wretched serpent has been the cause of thy son's death, O blessed lady. Tell me quickly how this wretch is to be destroyed. Shall I throw it into the fire or shall I hack it into pieces? This infamous destroyer of a child does not deserve to live longer.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

किल्बिषी जन्तुमरणे न वयं हि प्रयोजका:

English

[Yudhishthira said:] "I wish to hear more, king, joined with dharma and wealth, as you tell it; you should explain something of that to me."

हिन्दी अर्थ

अभूद् विशोकोअर्जुनको विशोका चैव गौतमी

English

[Yudhishthira said:] "By what householder, relying on dharma, was death conquered? Tell me all this in truth, king."

हिन्दी अर्थ

यथा मृत्युर्गहस्थेन धर्ममाश्रित्य निर्जित:

English

[Bhishma said:] "Here too they cite this ancient tale: how Death was conquered by a householder relying on dharma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कान्तिमान् था। उसका नाम था दुर्योधन। वह राजर्षियोंमें श्रेष्ठ महान् राजा था

English

[Bhishma said:] "Ikshvaku, king, was the son of Manu Prajapati; to that king, radiant as the sun, a hundred sons were born.

हिन्दी अर्थ

रूप धारण करके राजासे उस कन्याको माँगा

English

His tenth son, Bharata, named Dasha ashva, was king at Mahishmati, righteous-souled, of true valour.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततः सांनिध्यमद्यापि माहिष्मत्यां विभावसो:

English

The son of Dasha ashva was a most righteous king, whose mind was ever devoted to truth, austerity and giving.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कुरुक्षेत्रेथबसद् राजन्नोघवत्या समन्वित:

English

Named Madirashva, a lord of the earth on earth, he was always devoted to the science of the bow and to the Veda.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न मे त्वद्गबचनात् किंचिन्न कर्तव्यं कथंचन

English

Marutta's son was a king named Dyutiman, greatly fortunate, of great splendour, of great strength and great might.

हिन्दी अर्थ

या अपराधी मानता हूँ, किसी एकको अपराधी या निरपराध नहीं मानता

English

"Gautami replied, 'Do thou, O Arjunaka of little understanding, release this serpent. It doth not deserve death at thy hands. Who is so foolish as to disregard the inevitable lot that awaits him and burdening himself with such folly sink into sin? Those that have made themselves light by the practice of virtuous deeds, manage to cross the sea of the world even as a ship crosses the ocean. But those that have made themselves heavy with sin sink into the bottom, even as an arrow thrown into the water. By killing the serpent, this my boy will not be restored to life, and by letting it live, no harm will be caused to thee. Who would go to the interminable regions of Death by slaying this living creature?'

हिन्दी अर्थ

त्वां चैवाहं वधिष्यामि पापं पापस्य कारणम्

English

"The fowler said, 'I know, O lady that knowest the difference between right and wrong, that the great are afflicted at the afflictions of all creatures. But these words which thou hast spoken are fraught with instruction for only a self-contained person (and not for one plunged in sorrow). Therefore, I must kill this serpent. Those who value peace of mind, assign everything to the course of Time as the cause, but practical men soon assuage their grief (by revenge). People through constant delusion, fear loss of beatitude (in the next world for acts like these), therefore, O lady, assuage thy grief by having this serpent destroyed (by me).

हिन्दी अर्थ

पापका कारण है ही; इसलिये तुझ पापात्माका वध मैं अवश्य करूँगा

English

"Gautami replied, 'People like us are never afflicted by (such misfortune). Good men have their souls always intent on virtue. The death of the boy was predestined: therefore, I am unable to approve of the destruction of this serpent. Brahmanas do not harbour resentment, because resentment leads to pain. Do thou, O good man, forgive and release this serpent out of compassion.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

नावां दोषेण गन्तव्यौ यदि सम्यक् प्रपश्यसि

English

"The fowler replied, 'Let us earn great and inexhaustible merit hereafter by killing (this creature), even as a man acquires great merit, and confers it on his victim sacrificed as well, by sacrifice upon the altar. Merit is acquired by killing an enemy: by killing this despicable creature, thou shalt acquire great and true merit hereafter.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

हर्षक्रोधौ यथा स्यातामेतदिच्छामि वेदितुम्

English

"Gautami replied, 'What good is there in tormenting and killing an

हिन्दी अर्थ

होता है, यह मैं जानना चाहता हूँ

English

In his realm there was no wretched man, nor any in misery, nor sick, nor emaciated; no man anywhere was so.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पूर्वमेवैतदुक्त हि मया लुब्धक कालत:

English

Generous, of sweet speech, free of envy, master of his senses, righteous-souled, merciful, valorous and not boastful.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नावां दोषेण गन्तव्यौ त्वया लुब्धक कहिचित्

English

A sacrificer, generous, wise, devoted to brahmanas, true to his pledge, not contemptuous, a giver, master of the Veda and its limbs.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तुम्हें कभी हमारे ऊपर दोषारोपण नहीं करना चाहिए

English

The holy, cool-watered, auspicious river-goddess Narmada loved that best of men with her own feeling, Bharata.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अब्रवीत् पन्नगं मृत्युं लुब्धं चार्जुनकं तथा

English

Then a lotus-eyed daughter was born to him of the river, named Sudarshana, Sudarshana in form, king.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विनाशहेतुर्नान्यो5स्य वध्यते5यं स्वकर्मणा

English

Such a form had never been among women, Yudhishthira, as that of Duryodhana's daughter, fair of complexion.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इसके विनाशका कारण नहीं है। यह जीव अपने कर्मसे ही मरता है

English

Agni himself loved that royal daughter Sudarshana, and, becoming a brahmana in person, asked that king for her.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विनाशहेतु: कर्मास्य सर्वे कर्मवशा वयम्

English

The king, saying "he is poor and not of my class," was not willing to give his daughter Sudarshana to that brahmana.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इसके विनाशका कारण है। हम सब लोग कर्मके ही अधीन हैं

English

Then, in his sacrifice, spread out, the carrier of oblations was lost; then King Duryodhana spoke to the priests.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कर्माणि चोदयन्तीह यथान्योन्यं तथा वयम्

English

"What fault could be mine or yours, best of the twice-born, by which Agni was lost, as if done among wicked men?"

हिन्दी अर्थ

मनुष्य अपने किये हुए कर्मके अनुसार ही सब कुछ पाता है

English

"There is no small bad deed of ours by which Agni was lost, or of yours, or mine; let this be examined in truth."

हिन्दी अर्थ

तथा कर्म च कर्ता च सम्बद्धावात्मकर्मभि:

English

Hearing this word of the king, those brahmanas, bull of the Bharatas, restrained and silent, went to Agni for refuge.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नचेयं ब्राह्मणी वृद्धा शिशुरेवात्र कारणम्

English

Then the blessed Agni, the carrier of oblations, showed them his own form, shining, with splendour like the autumn sun.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्वकर्मभिरयं बाल: कालेन निधनं गत:

English

Then the great-souled Agni said to those best of brahmanas, "For my own purpose I ask for Duryodhana's daughter."

हिन्दी अर्थ

यातु कालस्तथा मृत्युर्मु्चार्जुनक पन्नगम्

English

Then those brahmanas, rising at dawn, reported to the king what had been said by Agni, all amazed.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कालेनैतत् कृतं विद्धि निहता येन पार्थिवा:

English

Hearing the words of the Brahman-speakers, the wise king, reaching supreme joy, said, "So be it."

हिन्दी अर्थ

समस्त भूपाल मारे गये हैं

English

The king asked the blessed Vibhavasu for a fee: "May you be ever present here, Chitrabhanu." The blessed Agni said to the king, "So be it."

हिन्दी अर्थ

युधिष्ठिरो महातेजा: पप्रच्छेदं च धर्मवित्

English

Even today the presence of Vibhavasu is at Mahishmati; it was seen by Sahadeva when he conquered the quarters then.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गौतमीलुब्धकव्यालमृत्युकालसंवादे प्रथमो5ध्याय:

English

Then, having adorned that maiden in clean garments, King Duryodhana gave her to Agni the great-souled.

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्रुतं मे महदाख्यानमिदं मतिमतां वर

English

And Agni accepted that king's daughter Sudarshana by the rite seen in the Veda, like a stream of wealth at a sacrifice.

हिन्दी अर्थ

महत्त्वपूर्ण उपाख्यानको मैंने बड़े ध्यानसे सुना है

English

Pleased with her beauty, conduct, family, body and splendour, Agni placed an embryo in her.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कथ्यमानं त्वया किज्चित् तन्मे व्याख्यातुमहसि

English

On her was born a son, named Sudarshana, son of Agni; as a child he learned everything, and the eternal Brahman.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हूँ, अतः आप मुझे इस विषयको विस्तारपूर्वक बताइये

English

Then there was a king named Oghavan, grandfather of Nriga; his daughter was Oghavati, and his son Ogharatha.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इत्येतत् सर्वमाचक्ष्व तत्त्वेनापि च पार्थिव

English

Oghavan himself gave his daughter Oghavati to the learned Sudarshana, god-like in form, to be his wife.

हिन्दी अर्थ

बातें आप यथार्थरूपसे कहिये

English

Sudarshana, delighting in the householder's life, lived with her at Kurukshetra, O king, together with Oghavati.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विजय पायी थी, उसके विषयमें एक प्राचीन इतिहासका उदाहरण दिया जाता है

English

"I shall conquer death as a householder": thus, lord, the wise Sudarshana, radiant, made his vow, O lord of men.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्य पुत्रशतं जज्ञे नपते: सूर्यवर्चस:

English

Then, O king, that son of Pavaka said to Oghavati: "You must in no way do anything against a guest.

हिन्दी अर्थ

माहिष्मत्यामभूद् राजा धर्मात्मा सत्यविक्रम:

English

With whatever the guest is pleased, with that you must always serve him; even by giving yourself, you should not hesitate.

हिन्दी अर्थ

बड़ा ही धर्मात्मा और सत्यपराक्रमी था

English

This vow of mine ever turns in my heart: for householders, fair-hipped, there is nothing higher than a guest.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सत्ये तपसि दाने च यस्य नित्यं रतं मन:

English

If my word is authority for you, fair one, shapely-thighed, keep this word of mine always calmly in your heart.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अभ्यासमें संलग्न रहता था

English

When I have gone out, dear lady, and while one is near, the guest is not to be slighted by you, if I am authority for you."

हिन्दी अर्थ

महाभागो महातेजा महासत्त्वो महाबल:

English

Oghavati answered him with joined palms at her head: "There is nothing I will in any way fail to do at your word."

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्वलोकेषु विख्यात: सुवीरो नाम नामत:

English

While Sudarshana, wishing to conquer, was at home, Death followed behind him, seeking an opening, always.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सुवीरस्य तु पुत्रोभूत् सर्वसंग्रामदुर्जय:

English

When that son of Agni, Sudarshana, had gone for fuel, a glorious brahmana guest said to Oghavati:

हिन्दी अर्थ

तथा सम्पूर्ण शस्त्रधारियोंमें श्रेष्ठ था

English

"I wish for hospitality given by you today, fair one, if the dharma approved in the householder's stage is authority for you."

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्येन्द्रसमवीर्यस्य संग्रामेष्वनिवर्तिन:

English

Thus addressed by that brahmana, the glorious king's daughter received him, lord of men, by the rule told in the Veda.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इन्द्र सदा ठीक समयपर और उचित मात्रामें ही वर्षा करते थे

English

Having given the twice-born a seat and foot-water, Oghavati said to the brahmana, "What is your need? What shall I give you?"

हिन्दी अर्थ

रत्नैर्थनैश्व पशुभि: सस्यैश्वापि पृथग्विधै:

English

Then the brahmana said to the king's daughter Sudarshana: "My need is you, fair one; do it without hesitation.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न तस्य विषये चाभूत् कृपणो नापि दुर्गतः

English

If the dharma approved in the householder's stage is authority for you, queen, you ought to do what I like by giving yourself."

हिन्दी अर्थ

धर्मात्मा चानृशंसश्न विक्रान्तोथाविकत्थन:

English

Though pleasing the princess with other desired things, king, the brahmana chose no other boon than her giving herself.

हिन्दी अर्थ

चकमे पुरुषव्याप्रं स्वेन भावेन भारत

English

But the king's daughter, remembering her husband's words from the start, said "So be it" to that bull among the twice-born, ashamed.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पुरुषसिंहको सम्पूर्ण हृदयसे चाहने लगी और उसकी पत्नी बन गयी

English

Then in private the brahmana sage and she sat together, she remembering the husband's words, who desired the householder's stage.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नाम्ना सुदर्शना राजन् रूपेण च सुदर्शना

English

Then, taking the fuel, the son of Agni came, followed by Death in fierce form, as always, like a kinsman.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दुर्योधनसुता यादूगभवद् वरवर्णिनी

English

Then, coming to the hermitage, the son of Agni called Oghavati again and again, "Where have you gone?"

हिन्दी अर्थ

भूत्वा च ब्राह्मणो राजन् वरयामास तं नूपम्

English

She did not answer her husband then, being touched by the brahmana's hands, the chaste wife devoted to her husband.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न दित्सति सुतां तस्मै तां विप्राय सुदर्शनाम्

English

Thinking, "I am defiled," ashamed before her husband, the virtuous woman stayed silent and said nothing.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततः सुदुःखितो राजा वाक्यमाह द्विजांस्तदा

English

Then Sudarshana again said: "Where is that virtuous one, where has she gone? What is greater than this for me?

हिन्दी अर्थ

बड़ा दुःख हुआ और उन्होंने ब्राह्मणोंसे कहा--

English

Devoted to her husband, true in conduct, ever fond of honesty, why does she not come to meet me today, smiling as before?"

हिन्दी अर्थ

भवतां चाथवा महां तत्त्वेनेतद् विमृश्यताम्

English

Staying in the hut, the brahmana answered Sudarshana: "Know that a brahmana guest has come, son of Pavaka, and that it is I.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नियता वाग्यताश्वैव पावकं शरणं ययु:

English

Pleased by your wife with those various honours to a guest, her mind is firm in honesty, best of men.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्वं रूप॑ दीप्तिमत् कृत्वा शरदर्कसमद्युति:

English

By this rule this fair-faced one honours me; you ought to say what is fitting here today."

हिन्दी अर्थ

वरयाम्यात्मनोअर्थाय दुर्योधनसुतामिति

English

And Death, with a club-hammer in hand, followed him, thinking, "I shall kill him here, who has lost his pledge."

हिन्दी अर्थ

नरेशने “तथास्तु' कहकर अग्निदेवका प्रस्ताव स्वीकार कर लिया

English

But Sudarshana, with mind, deed, glance and speech, free of envy and anger, said smiling:

हिन्दी अर्थ

नित्यं सांनिध्यमिह ते चित्रभानो भवेदिति

English

"May your pleasure be good, best of brahmanas; my joy is the highest; for the householder's foremost dharma is the honouring of a guest who has come.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नगरीमें आपका सदा निवास बना रहे”

English

The householder whose guest goes away honoured: no other dharma is higher than that, say the wise.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आजतक माहिष्मती नगरीमें अग्निदेवका निवास बना हुआ है

English

My life, my wives and whatever other wealth there is must be given to guests by me: this vow is placed on me.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततस्तां समलंकृत्य कनन्‍्यामाहृतवाससम्

English

This word has been spoken by me without doubt; by this truth, Brahmana, I touch my own self.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रतिजग्राह चाग्निस्तु राजकन्यां सुदर्शनाम्

English

Earth, wind, space, water and fire as the fifth, intellect, self, mind, time and the directions: ten qualities.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वसुधारा ग्रहण करते हैं

English

These always see, dwelling in the bodies of the embodied, the good and the evil deeds, best of upholders of dharma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्या रूपेण शीलेन कुलेन वपुषा श्रिया

English

As this speech has not been untrue as spoken by me today, by that truth let the gods protect me or burn me."

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्या: समभवत् पुत्रो नाम्ना55ग्नेय: सुदर्शन:

English

Then a sound arose in all directions, Bharata, repeatedly: "True! This is not false!" on every side.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शिशुरेवाध्यगात् सर्व परं ब्रह्म सनातनम्

English

Then that brahmana came out of the hut, rising like the wind and pervading sky and earth with his body.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्याथौघवती कन्या पुत्रश्नौघरथो5भवत्

English

With the phonetic voice, making the three worlds resound, the brahmana, having first addressed the knower of dharma by name, said:

हिन्दी अर्थ

सुदर्शनाय विदुषे भार्यार्थे देवरूपिणीम्

English

"I am Dharma; good fortune to you, sinless one; I came to test you, and knowing your truth my joy in you is highest.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सुदर्शनको पत्नी बनानेके लिये दे दिया

English

Death, who follows you, seeking an opening always, has been conquered by you and subdued by your steadiness.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कुरक्षेत्रमें निवास किया

English

There is no power in the three worlds, best of men, in anyone even to look at this virtuous wife devoted to her husband.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रतिज्ञामकरोद् धीमान् दीप्ततेजा विशाम्पते

English

She is guarded by your qualities and by the qualities of a devoted wife; unassailable, what she says will be so, not otherwise.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अतिथे: प्रतिकूलं ते न कर्तव्यं कथंचन

English

Joined by her own austerity, a speaker of Brahman, for the purification of the world she will be the best of rivers.

हिन्दी अर्थ

किसी तरह कोई कार्य नहीं करना चाहिए”

English

She, greatly fortunate, named Oghavati, will follow you with half her body; yoga is within her control.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अप्यात्मन: प्रदानेन न ते कार्या विचारणा

English

With her you will go to the worlds won by austerity, eternal, from which there is no return.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गृहस्थानां च सुश्रोणि नातिथेर्विद्यते परम्

English

And with this body you will reach the worlds; death is conquered by you and your lordship is supreme.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अतिथि-सेवासे बढ़कर दूसरा कोई धर्म नहीं है

English

You have passed beyond the five elements and from your own power the mind-born; by this householder's dharma desire and anger are conquered by you.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इदं वचनमव्यग्रा हृदि त्वं धारये: सदा

English

Affection, passion, sloth, delusion and malice entire, O king, have been conquered by your service to the king's daughter."

हिन्दी अर्थ

अपने हृदयमें धारण किये रहना

English

[Bhishma said:] Then the blessed Vyavasaya, taking an excellent chariot yoked with a thousand white horses, went to him.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नातिथिस्ते5वमन्तव्य: प्रमाणं यद्यहं तव

English

Death, the self, the worlds, the five elements, intellect, time, mind, space, and desire and anger were conquered.

हिन्दी अर्थ

छिद्र खोजती हुई सदा उनके पीछे लगी रहती थी

English

Therefore for one standing in the householder's stage there is no other god than the guest, tiger among men; reflect on this in mind.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रमाणं यदि धर्मस्ते गृहस्थाभ्रमसम्मत:

English

The guest honoured by whom meditates in mind on the good: the wise say that is not equalled even by a hundred sacrifices.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विधिना प्रतिजग्राह वेदोक्तेन विशाम्पते

English

One who, meeting a guest who is a worthy vessel and rich in conduct, does not honour him, having given, destroys his merit, being unhonoured.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विधिसे उसका पूजन किया

English

This excellent story has been told to you, son, of how Death was conquered long ago by a householder.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रोवाचौघवती विप्रं केनार्थ: कि ददामि ते

English

This excellent story, bringing wealth, fame and long life, is to be honoured by those who wish to prosper, and removes all misdeeds.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मुझे तुमसे ही काम है। तुम नि:शंक होकर मेरा यह प्रिय कार्य करो

English

The learned man who tells this day after day, Bharata, the deeds of Sudarshana, would gain holy worlds.