Anushasana Parva

हिन्दी अर्थ

विप्राणां स्वागतं त्यागो वैश्यधर्म: सनातन: वणिक्पथमुपासीनो वैश्य: सत्पथमाश्रित:

English

chief of Bharata's race, as also those of conveyances and animals, succeed in ascending to heaven. Those men who make gifts of such articles as are needed in marriages, as also those of serving men and

हिन्दी अर्थ

अतिथ्यभ्यागतरति: शेषान्नकृतभोजन:

English

[Uma] The blessed Self-existent created the four classes before; by the ripening of what deed does a vaishya go to shudra-hood?

हिन्दी अर्थ

हंस: परमहंसश्न यो यः पश्चात् स उत्तम: नहीं है। यह दुःख-सुखसे रहित सौम्य अजर-अमर और अविनाशी पद है

English

By what does a vaishya or a kshatriya, or a twice-born, become a kshatriya? How, god, can dharma be followed in a reversed order?

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्थण्डिले शयने योग: शाकपर्णनिषेवणम्

English

By what deed is a brahmin born in a shudra womb, and by what deed, lord, does a kshatriya reach shudra-hood?

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्थानोंकी ही यात्रा करनी चाहिए वन॑ गुरुमिवासाद्य वस्तव्यं वनजीविभि:

English

Tell me this doubt, god, blameless lord of beings: how can the three classes, by nature, attain brahminhood here?

हिन्दी अर्थ

चरन्ति विधिवद् दृष्टं तदनुकालाभिगामिन: हिंसादोषविमुक्तात्मा स वै धर्मेण युज्यते

English

[Maheshvara] Brahminhood is hard to attain, goddess; it is my view that a brahmin is so by nature, and likewise a kshatriya, vaishya or shudra.

हिन्दी अर्थ

फल प्राप्त होता है

English

By an evil deed here a twice-born falls from his place, having come to the senior class; therefore the twice-born should guard it.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्वभूतात्मभूतश्न स वै धर्मेण युज्यते आ्जवेनेह संयुक्तो नरो धर्मेण युज्यते

English

One who stands in a brahmin's dharma and lives by brahminhood, or a kshatriya or vaishya, goes to oneness with Brahman.

हिन्दी अर्थ

धर्मके फलका भागी होता है

English

But one who gives up brahminhood and follows the kshatriya's dharma falls from brahminhood and is born in a kshatriya womb.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शूद्रधर्म: परो नित्यं शुश्रूषा च द्विजातिषु

English

maids, and cloths and robes, succeed in ascending to heaven l. Those men who make public pleasure- houses and gardens and wells, resting houses and buildings for public meetings and tanks for enabling cattle and men to quench their thirst, and fields for cultivation, O Bharata, succeed in ascending to heaven. 2 Those men who make gifts of houses and fields and populated villages unto persons that solicit them, succeed in ascending to heaven. Those men who having themselves manufactured juicy drinks of sweet taste and seeds and paddy or rice, make gifts of them unto others succeed in ascending to heaven. Those men who being born in families high or low beget hundreds of children and live long lives practising compassion and keeping wrath under complete subjection, succeed in ascending to heaven. I have thus expounded to thee, O Bharata, what the rites are in honour of the deities and the Pitris which are performed by people for the sake of the other world, what the ordinances are in respect of making gifts, and what the views are of the Rishis of former times in respect of both the articles of gift and the manner of giving them.'"

हिन्दी अर्थ

शुश्रूषुरतिथिं प्राप्त तप: संचिनुते महत् धर्मका मनोवांछित फल प्राप्त होता है

English

of gift. If made untimely, the gift, instead of producing any merit, becomes entirely futile, if not sinful. Untimely gifts are appropriated by Rakshasas. Even food that is taken untimely, does not strengthen the body but goes to nourish the Rakshasas and other evil beings.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एकैकस्येह सुभगे किमन्यच्छोतुमिच्छसि

English

given away. If given, it is appropriated by Rakshasas. One incompetent to utter Om is, of course, a Sudra.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अब और क्या सुनना चाहती हो? ब्राह्मणेषु हि यो धर्म: स धर्म: परमो मत:

English

some monster who is before his eyes. When epilepsy is accompanied by some delusion of the sensorium, it comes to be called by Hindu physicians as Apasmara.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शिष्टाचीर्णो पर: प्रोक्तस्त्रयो धर्मा: सनातना:

English

the first Sraddha are given away. Such a person is regarded as fallen.

हिन्दी अर्थ

त्रिकर्मा त्रिपरिक्रान्तो मैत्र एष स्मृतो द्विज: रखता हो--ऐसा पुरुष ही वास्तवमें ब्राह्मण माना गया है

English

can be consumed. Those Brahmanas that assist at the performance of those rites are regarded as fallen.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वृत्त्यर्थ ब्राह्मणानां वै शृणु धर्मानू सनातनान्

English

This too is another thing said by Brahma, goddess: the final spiritual teaching practised by the good who desire dharma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जो उनके लिये सनातन धर्म हैं। इनके नाम सुनो अध्यापनं चाध्ययनं षट्कर्मा धर्मभाग् द्विज:

English

A fierce man's food is censured, goddess; so are a crowd's food, the food of a shraddha-impurity, and food proclaimed, censured by the great gods of gods.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दान॑ प्रशस्यते चास्य यथाशक्ति यथाविधि

English

A shudra's food is censured, goddess, by the great gods of gods; what was uttered from the Grandsire's mouth is authority, in my view.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गृहस्थानां विशुद्धानां धर्मस्य निचयो महान् दाता ब्राह्मणसत्कर्ता सुसंसृष्टनिवेशन:

English

One who dies with the remains of a shudra's food in his belly, even one who keeps the fire and sacrifices, shares a shudra's fate.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दीपं प्रतिश्रयं चैव यो ददाति स धार्मिक: सत्कृत्यानुव्रजेद् यस्तु तस्य धर्म: सनातन:

English

By that residue of a shudra's food, a brahmin removed from the brahmin station goes to shudra-hood; there is no doubt of it.

हिन्दी अर्थ

है, उसके द्वारा सनातन धर्मका पालन होता है

English

Whose food's remains he dies with in his belly, into that very womb the brahmin goes, whose food he lives on.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शूद्रधर्म: समाख्यातस्त्रिवर्गपरिचारणम् तमहं वर्तयिष्यामि सर्वभूतहितं शुभम्

English

One who, having won the hard-to-gain, fair state of brahminhood, despises it and eats forbidden food falls from twice-born state.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कर्तव्यं धर्मपरमं मानवेन प्रयत्नतः

English

A drinker of liquor, a killer of brahmins, a petty man, a thief, one who breaks vows, the unclean, one without study, the sinful, the greedy, the cheat, the rogue,

हिन्दी अर्थ

भाग करने चाहिए और प्रयत्नपूर्वक धर्मप्रधान कर्मका अनुष्ठान करना चाहिए एकेनांशेन कामार्थ एकमंशं विवर्धयेत्

English

one without vows, the husband of a low-caste woman, an eater of bastard-food, a soma-seller, a servant of the vile: such a brahmin falls from the brahmin womb.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्य वृत्तिं प्रवक्ष्यामि शृणु मे देवि तत्त्वतः

English

One who defiles his teacher's bed, hates his teacher, delights in reviling his teacher, or hates Brahman, a brahmin falls from the brahmin womb.

हिन्दी अर्थ

युक्तो योगं प्रति सदा प्रतिसंख्यानमेव च आत्मन्येवात्मनो भावं समासज्जेत वै द्विज:

English

By these deeds, goddess, and by practising their opposite good deeds, a shudra may reach brahminhood and a vaishya kshatriya-hood.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परिव्रजेति यो युक्तस्तस्य धर्म: सनातन:

English

A shudra who always stands on the good path should do all the work of a shudra rightly and by rule, and serve and wait carefully on the senior classes, not downcast.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भाँति स्थिर रहता है, उसको सनातन धर्मका मोक्षरूप धर्म प्राप्त होता है मुक्तो हाटति निर्मुक्तो न चैकपुलिनेशय:

English

Honouring gods and the twice-born, keeping vows of hospitality to all, approaching his wife at the proper season, restrained and moderate in food,

हिन्दी अर्थ

यो मार्गमनुयातीमं पद्द॑ तस्य च विद्यते

English

clean, seeking clean people, eating what remains, not eating meat needlessly: a shudra attains vaishya-hood.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भाषितो जीवलोकस्य मार्ग: श्रेयस्करो महान्

English

Truthful, not boastful, free of dualities, knowing calm, sacrificing with daily sacrifices, devoted to study, pure,

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्पृहा भवति मे नित्यं तपोवननिवासिषु त॑ दृष्टवा मे मनः प्रीतं महेश्वर सदा भवेत्

English

self-controlled, honouring brahmins, wishing well to all classes, keeping a householder's vow, eating twice daily,

हिन्दी अर्थ

निखिलेन मया पृष्टं महादेव यथातथम्

English

eating what remains, master of his food, free of desire, not saying "I", tending the Agnihotra and offering by rule,

हिन्दी अर्थ

यं कृत्वा मुनयो यान्ति सिद्धि स्‍्वतपसा शुभे तन्मे शृणु महाभागे धर्मज्ञे धर्ममादित:

English

practising hospitality to all, eating what remains, guided by the mantras of the three fires, if a vaishya bears it, that vaishya is born in a pure, great kshatriya family.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अमृतं ब्रह्म॒णा पीतमध्वरे प्रसृतं दिवि

English

That vaishya, born a kshatriya, refined from birth, initiated, intent on vows, becomes an honoured twice-born.

हिन्दी अर्थ

धर्मचर्याकृतो मार्गो बालखिल्यगणै: शृणु बालखिल्य नामवाले ऋषिगणोंद्वारा जो धर्मका मार्ग बताया गया है, उसको सुनो

English

He gives, sacrifices with refined sacrifices with the fees given, and studies, wishing heaven, always with the three fires as his refuge.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उसीसे जीवन-निर्वाह करते हैं

English

Always extending a hand to the afflicted, protecting subjects by dharma, true, doing true deeds, he who is pleasant to behold,

हिन्दी अर्थ

तपश्चरणमीहन्ते तेषां धर्मफलं महत् सम्प्रक्षालाश्मकुट्टाश्न दन्तोलूखलिकाश्न ते

English

with the rod of dharma, not rodless, instructing in the tasks of dharma, bound to the work, with the mark of the sixth part,

हिन्दी अर्थ

यज्ञानां चैव पञ्चानां यजनं धर्म उच्यते

English

he should not follow worldly pleasures wilfully, the knower of wealth; the righteous one should always approach his wife in her season.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कामक्रोधौ तत: पश्चाज्जेतव्याविति मे मति: सर्वातिथ्यं च कर्तव्यमन्नेनोज्छार्जितेन वै

English

Fasting through all, restrained, devoted to study, pure, always sleeping in the fire-house outside and within,

हिन्दी अर्थ

ऋषीणां नियमा होते यैर्जयन्त्यजितां गतिम् मित्रामित्रसमो मैत्रो यः स धर्मविदुत्तम:

English

showing hospitality to all, the three classes, always glad, saying that food for shudras who desire it is always ready,

हिन्दी अर्थ

एकचत्वारिंशदधिकशततमोध्याय:

English

he should not look for anything from self-interest or desire; he who prepares for ancestors, gods and guests,

हिन्दी अर्थ

मूलवत्सु च मेध्येषु वसन्ति नियतव्रता: वानप्रस्थेषु देवेश स्वशरीरोपजीविषु

English

in his own house properly attends, and lives by alms, offering the Agnihotra thrice daily by rule,

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्रुत्वा चैकमना देवि धर्मबुद्धिपरा भव

English

or slain facing the enemy in battle for the good of cows and brahmins, or entering what is purified by the mantra of the three fires, he becomes a twice-born.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एकाग्रचित्त होकर सुनो और सुनकर एकचित्त हो अपनी बुद्धिको धर्ममें लगाओ वानप्रस्थैरिदं कर्म कर्तव्यं शूणु यादूशम्

English

Endowed with knowledge and wisdom, refined, a master of the Veda, a kshatriya becomes by his own deed a brahmin, righteous.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अग्निहोत्रपरिस्पन्द इष्टिहोमविधिस्तथा

English

By these fruits of deeds, goddess, a shudra, though born in a lower birth and family, if endowed with the tradition and refined, becomes twice-born.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इड्डुहैरण्डतैलानां स्नेहार्थे च निषेवणम् वीरशय्यामुपासद्धिर्वीरस्थानोपसेविभि:

English

A brahmin of bad conduct, who eats all mixed food, giving up holy brahminhood, becomes like a shudra.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मण्डूकयोगनियतैर्यथान्यायं निषेविभि:

English

By pure deeds, goddess, a shudra of purified soul and conquered senses is to be served like a twice-born; so Brahma himself said.

हिन्दी अर्थ

लगे रहना चाहिए। किसी भी वस्तुका न्यायानुकूल सेवन करना चाहिए शीततोयाग्नियोगश्न चर्तव्यो धर्मबुद्धिभि:

English

Wherever natural good conduct stays, even in a shudra, that pure one is to be known as twice-born, in my view.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कार्या यात्रा यथाकालं यथाधर्म यथाविधि

English

Neither birth nor rite nor learning nor lineage are the causes of twice-born status; conduct alone is the cause.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भागं च पञ्चयज्ञस्य वेदोक्तस्यथानुपालनम्

English

All this brahminhood in the world is established by conduct; and one who stands in conduct, fair-hipped one, attains brahminhood.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वेदोक्त पंच-यज्ञोंका निरन्तर पालन करना चाहिए पौर्णमासादयो यज्ञा नित्ययज्ञस्तथैव च

English

The Brahmic nature, auspicious one, is the same everywhere, in my view; where the quality-free, stainless Brahman stands, he is twice-born.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सन्त: सत्पथनित्या ये ते यान्ति परमां गतिम्

English

These, goddess, are the fruits of birth and indicate the shares of station, told by Brahma himself, the boon-giver, as he created beings.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गच्छन्ति मुनयः सिद्धा: सत्यधर्मव्यपाश्रया: तथा सनातन सोमलोकमें जाते हैं

English

A brahmin is a great field that moves in the world on foot; whatever seed one sows there, that is the farming for the next world.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विस्तरेणाथ सम्पन्नो यथास्थूलमुदाह्वत:

English

He should always be moderate in food, always rely on the good path, and one who desires well-being should live passing beyond Brahma's measure.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्वैरिणो दारसंयुक्तास्तेषां धर्म: कथं स्मृत: स्वच्छन्द विचरते हैं, कोई पत्नीके साथ रहते हैं। उनका धर्म कैसा माना गया है?

English

He should study the Samhita, be a householder in his house, always devoted to study, living by giving and learning.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तेषां मौण्ड्यं कषायदश्न वासे रात्रिश्न कारणम्

English

A brahmin who is so and who always stands on the good path, keeping the fire and studying, is fit to become Brahman.

हिन्दी अर्थ

समाधिसत्पथस्थानं यथोद्दिष्टनिषेवणम् यदि सेवन्ति धर्मास्तानाप्रुवन्ति तप:फलम्

English

Having attained brahminhood, it should be guarded by the self-controlled, in birth, acceptance, giving and deeds, pure-smiling one.

हिन्दी अर्थ

करते हैं तो उन्हें अपनी तपस्याका पूर्ण फल मिलता है

English

All this has been told to you, how a shudra may become twice-born, and how a brahmin fallen from dharma attains shudra-hood.