Anushasana Parva

हिन्दी अर्थ

अन्तर्हितस्ततो भूयक्ष्यवन: शयनं च तत्

English

doubt correct. The sense then is that all this has flowed from Maheswara and exists for being enjoyed by

हिन्दी अर्थ

बहुत प्रसन्न हूँ; अतः तुम कोई वर माँगो/ अग्निमध्ये गतेनेव भगवन् संनिधौ मया

English

[Bhishma said:] On this too they recite this ancient Itihasa, the conversation of a brahmana and Yama, Yudhishthira.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पौत्रस्ते भविता राजंस्तेजोवीर्यसमन्वित:

English

In the middle country there was a great village of brahmanas, between the Ganga and Yamuna, below the Yamuna mountain.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अहं तहैव ते प्रीतोी मनसा राजसत्तम पृच्छे: क्व यास्यसीत्येवं शपेयं त्वामिति प्रभो

English

Famed as Parnashala, lovely, king; many learned brahmanas then lived there.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सभार्यस्य नरश्रेष्ठ तेन ते प्रीतिमानहम्

English

Then Yama said to a certain man in black garments, red-eyed, with raised hair, crow-shanked, with nose and eyes of a crow:

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्रुद्धयेथा यदि मात्सर्यादिति तन्मर्षितं च मे डाहके कारण मुझपर क्रोध करोगे; परंतु मेरे उस बर्तावको भी तुमने सह लिया

English

"Go, brahmana, to the village and bring Agastya from there, by gotra and by name, Sharmin.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सभार्यो मां वहस्वेति तच्च त्वं कृतवांस्तथा

English

Learned, set in peace, a teacher, unhonoured; and do not bring any other, who is of his gotra at his side.

हिन्दी अर्थ

धनोत्सर्गेडपि च कृते न त्वां क्रोध: प्रधर्षयत् सभार्यस्य वन॑ भूयस्तद् विद्धि मनुजाधिप

English

For he has such qualities, equal in study and birth, in offspring and in conduct, with the whole of the wise one; bring him as pointed out; honour is to be done to him by me."

हिन्दी अर्थ

तत्र या55सीत् स्पूृहा राजंस्तच्चापि विदितं मया

English

Going, he did the opposite of Yama's command; seizing him who had been forbidden by Yama, he brought him.

हिन्दी अर्थ

महर्षि च्यवन अन्तर्धान हो गये। साथ ही उनका वह पलंग भी अदृश्य हो गया कौश्यां बृस्यां समासीनं जपमानं महाव्रतम्

English

upon a blazing fire. The deity of fire removed it, unable to consume it. The seed, however, thus removed became converted into a mountain of gold. Haimagiri is not Himavat or the mountains of Himalayas as the Burdwan translation wrongly renders it.

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्षणेन तद् वन॑ चैव ते चैवाप्सरसां गणा:

English

and half female, the male half being the half of his own usual form, and the female half the form of his dear spouse Uma or Parvati. This transformation is known by the name of Haragauri.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततः स राजा कुशिक: सभार्यस्तेन कर्मणा ततः प्रोवाच कुशिको भार्या हर्षसमन्वित:

English

wrongly takes deva-ganah as a compound word and makes a mess of the meaning.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सुलभ हो जाती है। त्रिलोकीके राज्यसे भी तप ही श्रेष्ठ है

English

vihitam, ajnatam sat jnapitam; param karanam avyaktasyapi karanam. The Bengal reading, however, is

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्राह्माण्यं दुर्लभं लोके राज्यं हि सुलभं नरै: मनुष्योंको राज्य तो सुलभ हो सकता है, परंतु वास्तविक ब्राह्मणत्व परम दुर्लभ है

English

correct. By karmayajna is meant that sacrifice which is performed with the aid of actual offerings of flowers and herbs and animals and libations of ghee, meat, etc. These are opposed to mental sacrifices or manasa yajna. It is curious to see that the Burdwan translator adheres to the vicious reading and misunderstands the meaning. Mahadeva transcends the fruits of action, i.e., he has no body unto which happiness and misery may attach.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इत्येवं चिन्तयान: स विदितश्न्यवनस्य वै

English

not ganam) as the last word of this compound, is vicious. The Burdwan translator adheres to the vicious reading and wrongly renders the compound. K. P. Singha skips over it. Of course, ganam means sum or total. Rectodbhavam is arsha for Retasodbhavam.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इत्युक्त: सहभार्यस्तु सो5भ्यगच्छन्महामुनिम् ततः प्रकृतिमापन्नो भार्गवो नूपते नृपम्

English

garlands of flowers. The male half has everything that is rejected by others; the female half has all things that are coveted by others. This particular form of Mahadeva is called Hara-Gauri.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वाणीद्वारा राजाको तृप्त करते हुए-से बोले--

English

especially as the reference to Andhaka occurs immediately after.

हिन्दी अर्थ

राजन् सम्यग् जितानीह पञड्च पज्च स्वयं त्वया सम्यगाराधित: पुत्र त्वया प्रवदतां वर

English

Sesame should be eaten, and anointing with it should always be done by those wishing good, in the house, with their whole selves.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अनुजानीहि मां राजन् गमिष्यामि यथागतम्

English

Water should be always given and drunk, without doubt; one should dig ponds, tanks and wells here.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एष एव वरो मुख्य: प्राप्तो मे भूगुनन्दन

English

This is very hard to get in the world, best of the twice-born; water should always be given by you; this is unsurpassed merit.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एष मेअनुग्रहो विप्र जीविते च प्रयोजनम् यदि त्वं प्रीतिमान् विप्र मयि वै भूगुनन्दन

English

Water-sheds should be made for drinking by you constantly, best of the twice-born; and after eating, drinking water especially is to be given.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अस्ति मे संशय: कश्चित् तन्मे व्याख्यातुमहसि

English

Thus told by that messenger of Yama, he was taken home and did all that command of Yama.

हिन्दी अर्थ

त॑ प्रब्रूहि नरश्रेष्ठ सर्व सम्पादयामि ते उसे भी कहो। मैं तुम्हारा सब कार्य पूर्ण कर दूँगा

English

The messenger of Yama, having brought and taken Sharmin, went and reported him to the King of Dharma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पुनश्च शयनं विप्र दिवसानेकविंशतिम्

English

The mighty King of Dharma, honouring that knower of dharma, made an agreement with him and sent him away as he came.

हिन्दी अर्थ

समुपानीय विविध॑ यद् दग्ध॑ जातवेदसा धनानां च विसर्गस्य वनस्यापि च दर्शनम्

English

Yama gave him all instruction too, and returning, he did all that Yama had said.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मणिविद्रुपादानां पर्यड्काणां च दर्शनम्

English

Yama likewise praises lamps, wishing the good of the ancestors; therefore the giver of lamps constantly carries the ancestors across.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अतीव ह्वात्र मुह्दामि चिन्तयानो भृगूद्गह एतदिच्छामि कार्त्स्न्येन सत्यं श्रोतुं तपोधन

English

Lamps should be given constantly, best of the Bharatas; they are held to be the eye of gods and ancestors, lord.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अतः इन बातोंको मैं पूर्ण एवं यथार्थ रूपसे सुनना चाहता हूँ

English

The gift of jewels is said to be of great merit, lord of men; a brahmana who sells them and sacrifices gives safety.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न हि शक्‍्यमनाख्यातुमेवं पृष्टेन पार्थिव श्रुतवानस्मि यद् राज॑स्तन्मे निगदत: शृणु

English

What a brahmana, having received, gives to brahmanas is imperishable for both giver and receiver.

हिन्दी अर्थ

चिकीर्षन् कुशिकोच्छेदं संदिधक्षु: कुलं तव जलाकर भस्म कर डालूँ

English

He who gives, standing in his station, a gift to one such, the dharma of both is imperishable; so said Manu, knower of dharma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नियम कंचिदारप्स्ये शुश्रूषा क्रियतामिति

English

By giving garments a man devoted to his own wives becomes well clothed and well dressed, so we have heard.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तेन जीवसि राजर्षे न भवेथास्त्वमन्यथा सुप्तो5स्मि यदि मां कश्चिद् बोधयेदिति पार्थिव

English

Cows, gold and sesame have been described many times, tiger among men, by seeing the authority of the Veda.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मुझे बीचमें आकर जगावे

English

One should marry and beget sons; the gain of a son, Kauravya, is more distinguished than every gain.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अवमन्य नरेन्द्रत्वं देवेन्द्रत्वं च पार्थिव चाहते हो और तपकी भी अभिलाषा रखते हो

English

nominative may be construed with the previous line, but the genitive would be better.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आ गर्भादनुकृन्तन्तो हैवदण्डनिपीडिता:

English

[Yudhishthira said:] A kshatriya may give the earth; a brahmana should duly accept it by his own deed; no other deserves to give.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पर्वतों और वनोंसहित सारी पृथ्वीको भस्म कर डालेगी समुद्रे वडवावक्त्रे प्रक्षिप्प मुनिसत्तम:

English

What can be given by all classes by those wishing fruit, or what is declared in the Veda, you ought to tell me.

हिन्दी अर्थ

डालकर बुझा देंगे

English

[Bhishma said:] Three things of equal name and equal fruit are to be given, with fruit of all desires: cows, earth and learning.

हिन्दी अर्थ

साक्षात् कृत्स्नो धनुर्वेद: समुपस्थास्यतेडनघ सम्पूर्ण धनुर्वेद मूर्तिमानू होकर उपस्थित होगा

English

One who also tells his pupil the righteous Brahmic Sarasvati gains fruit equal to that of the gift of earth and cows.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सतुतंप्रतिगृहौव पुत्रे संक्रामयिष्यति

English

So they praise cows, and nothing higher is to be given than them; their fruit is near and their cost light, Yudhishthira; cows are mothers of all beings, giving all comfort.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स चापि भृगुशार्दूलस्तं वेदं धारयिष्यति उद्धावनार्थ भवतो वंशस्य नृपसत्तम

English

Cows are to be circumambulated by those who wish prosperity, constantly; the goddesses are the house of auspiciousness; therefore they are always to be honoured.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्राह्माणं क्षत्रधर्माणं पुत्रमुत्पादयिष्यति

English

Let the instruction made by the gods go on in the works of cows; only the former syllable is to be said, nothing else in any way.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पुत्रसे हटाकर भावी पौत्रमें स्थापित कर देंगे) विश्वामित्रं तव कुले गाधे: पुत्र सुधार्मिकम्

English

At pasture or at a watering-place the wise should not trouble cows; thirsty and looking, they would strike a man with his kinsmen.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्राह्मणे सति चर्षित्वमृषित्वे च तपस्विता

English

means the Thunder-fire. Very probably, what is implied is that flashes of lightning and the Thunder-fire looked like eyes set upon that cloud. Go may also mean jyoti or effulgence.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तपस्वी होना तो और भी कठिन है तृतीयं पुरुष तुभ्यं ब्राह्मणत्वं गमिष्यति

English

creatures enjoy or endure. The Bengal texts read pralaya. The Bombay reading is pranaya. The latter is also the reading that the commentator notices, but when he explains it to mean tadabhavah, i.e., the absence of joy and sorrow, I think, through the scribe's mistake, the / has been changed into the palatal n. Prabhavah is explained as aiswaryya. Saswata is eternal, i.e., transcending the influence of acts.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तुम्हारी तीसरी पीढ़ी ब्राह्मण हो जायगी

English

means of their righteous acts. Acts, again, are performed in course of Time whose divisions are caused

हिन्दी अर्थ

अग्निके समान तेजस्वी और तपस्वी ब्राह्मण होगा उत्पन्न कर देगा। मैं तुमसे यह सच्ची बात कहता हूँ

English

as possible or as gross as possible. One may also attain to the fruition of all desires, extending to the very creation of worlds upon worlds peopled with all kinds of creatures. That Yogins do not create is due to their respect for the Grandsire and their wish not to disturb the ordinary course of things.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तीर्थयात्रां गमिष्यामि पुरा कालोभिवर्तते

English

commentator explains, satya-sankalpah.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अब देर हो रही है पुनश्चाख्यातुमिच्छामि भगवन् विस्तरेण वै

English

boons. The commentator, stretching the words has tried to explain them as signifying a total of eight, and eight i.e., eight are to be obtained from Mahadeva, and eight from his divine spouse Uma. The language, however, is such that this meaning cannot be put upon it without doing violence to it.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पुनः विस्तारके साथ सुनना चाहता हूँ

English

Whatever dharma he performs, and whatever the fruit of its merit, he who gives a share of all, by that all engagements go on.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कश्नचासौ भविता बन्धुर्मम कश्चापि सम्मतः सम्मानित पौत्र कौन होगा जो सर्वप्रथम ब्राह्मण होनेवाला है?

English

He who begets him, he who saves him from fear, and he who makes his livelihood: all these are three fathers.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यदर्थ त्वाहमुच्छेत्तुं सम्प्राप्तो मनुजाधिप

English

Service to the teacher destroys stain, pride destroys great fame, three sons remove childlessness, and ten cows remove lack of livelihood.

हिन्दी अर्थ

लिये यहाँ आया था, वह मुझे तुमसे अवश्य बता देना चाहिए ते च भेदं गमिष्यन्ति हैवयुक्तेन हेतुना

English

To one devoted to the Vedanta, of much learning, content in wisdom, master of his senses, good, self-controlled and restrained, and always speaking kindly to beings,

हिन्दी अर्थ

ऊर्वो नाम महातेजा ज्वलनार्कसमद्ुति: गोत्रकी वृद्धि करेगा। उसका तेज अग्नि और सूर्यके समान दुर्धर्ष होगा

English

who does no wrong from fear of hunger, gentle, self-controlled and always hospitable, to a brahmana of equal conduct with sons and wife one should assign a livelihood.

हिन्दी अर्थ

महीं सपर्वतवनां य: करिष्यति भस्मसात्

English

As great as is the merit in giving a cow to a good vessel, so great is the fault in taking a brahmana's property; in all states the taking of a brahmana's property, and their wives, are to be avoided from afar.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्त्रियौं तु कारणं तत्र परिवर्ते भविष्यत:

English

"The blessed Krishna said, 'Bowing my head with great joy unto that mass of energy and effulgence, I said these words unto the great Deity, with a heart filled with gladness,— Firmness in virtue, the slaughter of foes in battle, the highest fame, the greatest might, devotion to Yoga, thy adjacence, and hundreds upon hundreds of children, these are the boons I solicit of thee,— So be it,— said Sankara repeating the words I had uttered. After this, the mother of the universe, the upholders of all things, who cleanses, all things, viz., the spouse of Sarva, that vast receptacle of penances said with a restrained soul these words unto me,— 'The puissant Mahadeva has granted thee, O sinless one, a son who shall be named Samva. Do thou take from me also eight boons which thou choosest. I shall certainly grant them to thee.— Bowing unto her with a bend of my head, I said unto her, O son of Pandu,— I solicit from thee non-anger against the Brahmanas, grace of my father, a hundred sons, the highest enjoyments, love for my family, the grace of my mother, the attainment of tranquillity and peace, and cleverness in every act!'

हिन्दी अर्थ

अवाकु्शीर्षा: पतिष्यामो नरके नात्र संशय: नरकमें गिरेंगे, इसमें संशय नहीं है

English

[Bhishma said:] When Dvaravati was being settled long ago, Partha, so we have heard, a great well was seen, covered with grass and creepers.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आमिषप्रतिसंहारात् प्रजा ह्यायुष्मती भवेत्

English

Making effort there, those seeking water from that well, joined with great toil, in the water that was covered,

हिन्दी अर्थ

वस्तुओंका दान करनेसे मनुष्य स्मरणशक्ति और मेधा प्राप्त कर लेता है दाढ़ी-मूँछ धारण करनेवालोंको श्रेष्ठ संतानकी प्राप्ति होती है

English

saw a huge lizard staying there; and they made effort by thousands to lift it.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कृत्वा द्वादशवर्षाणि वीरस्थानाद् विशिष्यते

English

Binding that mountain-like creature with ropes and leather straps, they could not lift it, and went to Janardana.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्रह्मदेयां सुतां दत्त्वा प्राप्नोति मनुजर्षभ लभते च शिवं ज्ञानं फलपुष्पप्रदो नर:

English

"A great lizard stands covering the mouth of the well; there is none to lift it": so they reported to Krishna.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नरं प्रदातारमुपैति सा गौ:

English

Lifted by Vasudeva and asked what he wished, King Nriga then told himself, the ancient sacrificer of a thousand sacrifices.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कामधेनु होकर आती है परलोकमें उद्धार कर देती है

English

As he spoke so, Madhava said to him: "Good deeds were done by you, no sin; how did you come to such an ill state, king? Tell me what this is."

हिन्दी अर्थ

लोका वसूनां सुलभा भवन्ति

English

"We have heard here that you gave earlier a hundred thousand cows, again hundreds, eight hundreds, and tens of thousands to the twice-born, king; where has that gone?"

हिन्दी अर्थ

तृतीये पुरुषे तुभ्यं ब्राह्मणत्वमुपैष्यति भगुवंशियोंके सम्बन्धी होओगे

English

"Uma said, 'It shall be even so, O thou that art possessed of prowess and puissance equal to that of a celestial. I never say what is untrue. Thou shalt have sixteen thousand wives. Thy love for them and theirs also for thee shall be unlimited. From all thy kinsmen also, thou shalt receive the highest affection. Thy body too shall be most beautiful. Seven thousand guests will daily feed at thy palace.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

कुशिकस्तु मुनेर्वाक्यं च्यवनस्य महात्मन:

English

"Vasudeva continued, 'Having thus granted me boons both the god and the goddess, O Bharata, disappeared there and then with their Ganas, O elder brother of Bhima. All those wonderful facts I related fully, O best of kings, to that Brahmana of great energy, viz., Upamanyu (from whom I had obtained the Diksha before adoring Mahadeva). Bowing

हिन्दी अर्थ

एवमस्त्विति धर्मात्मा तदा भरतसत्तम वरार्थ चोदयामास तमुवाच स पार्थिव:

English

down unto the great God, Upamanyu said these words to me.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्रह्मभूतं कुलं मे5स्तु धर्मे चास्य मनो भवेत्

English

"Upamanyu said, 'There is no deity like Sarva. There is no end or refuge like Sarva. There is none that can give so many or such high boons. There is none that equal him in battle.'"

हिन्दी अर्थ

कि मेरा कुल ब्राह्मण हो जाय और उसका धर्ममें मन लगा रहे” अभ्यनुज्ञाय नृपतिं तीर्थयात्रां ययौ तदा

English

"I begged the receiver by exchange of a hundred times a hundred cows, but he said this to me:

हिन्दी अर्थ

तत्काल तीर्थयात्राके लिये चले गये

English

'A cow suited to place and time, patient, not calf-loving, giver of sweet milk, blessed, is always in my house.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भृगूणां कुशिकानां च अभिसम्बन्धकारणम् हीनां पार्थिवसंघातै: श्रीमद्धि: पृथिवीमिमाम्

English

The cow that nourishes my lean son without breast I cannot give up,' and he went.

हिन्दी अर्थ

देखता हूँ तब भारी चिन्तामें पड़कर बारंबार मूर्च्छित-सा होने लगता हूँ

English

Then I begged another brahmana by exchange: 'Take a hundred thousand cows for that one.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

कोटिश: पुरुषान् हत्वा परितप्ये पितामह या हीना: पतिभि: पुन्रैर्मातुलैभ्रातृभिस्तथा

English

[The brahmana said:] 'I do not accept from kings; I am able in seeking my own; let that very cow be given quickly to me, Madhusudana.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

और मामा आदि सम्बन्धियोंसे सदाके लिये बिछुड़ गयी हैं?

English

Though I offered gold, horses, silver and chariots, that bull among brahmanas did not accept and went.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उपदिष्टमिहेच्छामि तत्त्वतो5हं विशाम्पते

English

At this very time, urged by the law of time, I reached the world of the ancestors and came to the King of Dharma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

और इसके विषयमें आपका यथार्थ उपदेश ग्रहण करना चाहता हूँ परीक्ष्य निपुणं बुद्ध्या युधिष्ठिरमभाषत

English

Yama, honouring me, then said: 'No end is counted of your merit, king.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कर्मसे कौन-सी गति मिलती है--इस विषयको सुनो

English

But a sin was done by you through ignorance; practise it first or afterward, as you wish.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

बड़ी आयु, ऊँचा पद और उत्तमोत्तम भोग प्राप्त होते हैं सौभाग्यं चैव तपसा प्राप्यते भरतर्षभ

English

'You said "I protect"; your promise was untrue; and taking a brahmana's property: yours is a threefold transgression.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

उपभोगांस्तु दानेन ब्रह्मचर्येण जीवितम्

English

'First I shall bear the hardship and afterward the good': saying so to the King of Dharma, I fell on the ground.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दानसे उपभोग और ब्रह्मचर्यके पालनसे दीर्घायु प्राप्त करता है फलमूलाशिनां राज्यं स्वर्ग: पर्णाशिनां भवेत्

English

I heard as I fell Yama speaking loudly: 'Vasudeva Janardana will be your lifter.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गुरुशुश्रूषया विद्या नित्यश्राद्धेन संतति:

English

When a thousand years are complete and the evil deed is exhausted, you will gain eternal worlds won by your own deed.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

मरुं साधयतो राजन् नाकपृष्ठमनाशके चीरवल्कलवासोभिववसांस्थाभरणानि च

English

I saw myself fallen head-down in the well and having reached an animal womb, but memory did not leave me.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वल्कलके वस्त्र पहननेसे उत्तमोत्तम वस्त्र और आभूषण प्राप्त होते हैं

English

I have been carried across by you today; what else is there except the power of austerity? Give me leave, Krishna; let me go to heaven today."

हिन्दी अर्थ

अन्निप्रवेशे नियतं ब्रह्मलोके महीयते प्रवेश कर जानेपर जीवको ब्रह्मलोकमें सम्मान प्राप्त होता है

English

Permitted by Krishna, bowing to Janardana, he mounted a divine car and went to heaven, scourge of foes.

हिन्दी अर्थ

करनेसे दीर्घायु संतान उत्पन्न होती है सत्यवादी नरश्रेष्ठ हैवतैः सह मोदते

English

When Nriga had gone to heaven, best of the Bharatas, Vasudeva sang this verse, descendant of the Kurus:

हिन्दी अर्थ

देवताओंके साथ आनन्द भोगता है

English

"A brahmana's property must not be taken by a man who knows; a brahmana's property taken kills, as a brahmin cow killed Nriga.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अन्नस्य तु प्रदानेन तृप्पन्ते कामभोगत: देवशुश्रूषया राज्यं दिव्यं रूपं नियच्छति

English

Meeting with the good among the good is not fruitless, Partha; see Nriga freed from hell by meeting with the good.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रेक्षणीयप्रदानेन स्मृतिं मेधां च विन्दति

English

The gift there had fruit, and the malice there had none; therefore, Yudhishthira, one should avoid wrong to cows."