Anushasana Parva

हिन्दी अर्थ

तथा विधिपूर्वक अन्नका दान करता है, उसे इन्द्रलोककी प्राप्ति होती है पक्के सोनेका दान उससे भी उत्तम फल देता है

English

"Upamanyu said, 'There was in the Krita age, O sire, a Rishi celebrated under the name of Tandi. With great devotion of heart he adored, with the aid of Yoga-meditation, the great God for ten thousand years. Listen to me as I tell thee fruit or reward he reaped of such extraordinary devotion. He succeeded in beholding Mahadeva and praised him by uttering some hymns. Thinking, with the aid of his penances, of Him who is the supreme Soul and who is immutable and undeteriorating, Tandi became filled with wonder, and said these words,— I seek the protection of Him whom the Sankhyas describe and the Yogins think of as the Supreme, the Foremost, the Purusha, the pervader of all things, and the Master of all existent objects, of him who, the learned say, is the cause of both the creation and the destruction of the universe; of him who is superior to all the celestials, the Asuras, and the Munis, of him who has nothing higher, who is unborn, who is the Lord of all things, who has neither beginning nor end, and who is endued with supreme puissance, who is possessed of the highest felicity, and who is effulgent and sinless. —After he had said these words, Tandi beheld before him that ocean of penances, that great Deity who is immutable and undeteriorating, who is without compare, who is inconceivable, who is eternal, and who is without any change, who is indivisible, who is whole, who is Brahma, who transcends all attributes, and who is endued with attributes, who is the highest delight of Yogins, who is without deterioration, who is called Emancipation, who is the refuge of the Mind, of Indra, of Agni, of the god of wind, of the entire universe, and of the Grandsire Brahma; who is incapable of being conceived by the Mind, who is without mutation of any kind, who is pure, who is capable of being apprehended by understanding only and who is immaterial as the Mind; who is difficult of comprehension, who is incapable of being measured, who is difficult of being attained by persons of uncleansed souls, who is the origin of the universe, and who transcends both the universe and the attribute of darkness; who is ancient, who is Purusha, who is possessed of effulgence, and who is higher than the highest. The Rishi Tandin, desirous of beholding Him who making himself endued with life- breaths, resides in what results from it viz., Jiva, in the form of that effulgence which is called the Mind, passed many years in the practice of the severest austerities, and having succeeded in beholding Him as

हिन्दी अर्थ

त्रिषु लोकेषु सर्वत्र पूजनीयस्तडागवान्

English

[Bhishma said:] On this too they recite this ancient Itihasa, the words of the sage Uddalaki and of Nachiketas, both.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अतितात्रस्य यज्ञस्य फलं स समुपाश्चुते गाव: पिबन्ति सलिलं साधवश्षल नरा: सदा

English

The sage Uddalaki, having undertaken a vow, said to his son Nachiketas, "Serve me"; and when the observance was complete, the great sage said to his son:

हिन्दी अर्थ

तथा ऋषिगणाश्रैव संश्रयन्ति महीरुहान्

English

"Attached to ablutions and intent on study, fuel, kusha grass, flowers, a water-pot and water on all sides were forgotten by me; take them and come here from the river bank."

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रियो भवति भूतानामिह चैव परत्र च यो नार्चति यथाशक्ति स नृशंसो युधिष्ठिर

English

Going and not finding all that, swept by the river's current, "I do not see it," the sage said to his father.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गूढस्वाध्यायतपसो ब्राह्मणा: संशितव्रता: यत् करिष्यसि कल्याण तत् ते लोके युधाम्पते

English

Possessed by hunger, thirst and fatigue, the sage Uddalaki then cursed his son, saying "See Yama," that great ascetic.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तथा दत्तं द्विजातिभ्यो भवत्यथ यतात्मसु

English

Thus struck by his father with a thunderbolt of words, with joined palms he said "Be gracious" and fell to the ground, his life gone.

हिन्दी अर्थ

करता है, वही फल संयमी ब्राह्मणोंको दान देनेसे मिलता है विशिष्ट: सर्वयज्ञेभ्यो ददतस्तात वर्तताम्

English

Seeing Nachiketas fallen, his father, fainting with sorrow, said "What have I done?" and fell on the ground.

हिन्दी अर्थ

निवसन् पूजयंश्लैव तेष्वानृण्यं नियच्छति

English

Embracing his own son, afflicted with sorrow, the rest of that day passed for him, and the fierce night.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गन्धप्रदानात् सुरभिर्नर: स्थात्

English

reward of those penances, he praised the great God in the following terms.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

दान करनेसे सुगन्धित शरीरकी प्राप्ति होती है नाना प्रकारके रत्नोंसे परिपूर्ण, धनसम्पन्न समृद्धिशाली घर प्राप्त कर लेता है

English

"Tandi said, 'Thou art the holiest of holies I and the refuge of all, O foremost of all beings endued with intelligence. Thou art the fiercest energy of all kinds of energy. Thou art the austerest penance of all penances. Thou, O puissant one, art the liberal giver of blessings. Thou art the supreme Truth. Salutations to thee, O thou of a thousand rays, and, O refuge of all felicity. Thou art the giver of that Nirvana which, O puissant one, Yatis, standing in fear of birth and death, strive for so hard. The Grandsire Brahma, he of a hundred sacrifices, (viz., Indra) Vishnu, the Viswadevas, the great Rishis, are

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्तथाभिरूपक्ष नरेन्द्र लोके

English

"Son, have you won good worlds by your own deed? By good fortune you are back; your body is not human."

हिन्दी अर्थ

भार्यामयत्नोपगतां लभेत् सः एवं मनोहारिणी भार्या प्राप्त कर लेता है

English

The seer of all, asked by his great-souled father, told him the truth in the midst of the great sages.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नाधथिकं विद्यते यस्मादित्याहु: परमर्षय:

English

"Doing your command, I quickly went and, reaching the vast, lovely, splendid assembly hall of Vaivasvata, I saw it, made of gold and earth for thousands of yojanas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नाश्रमेडरोचयद् वासं वीरमार्गाभिकाडुक्षया करनेकी इच्छाका त्याग कर दिया

English

Seeing me come toward him, Vaivasvata gave a seat in the house and honoured me for your sake with guest-water and other honours.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पितामहस्य यद् वाक्यं तद् वो रोचत्विति प्रभु:

English

Then I said to him slowly, as he was honoured, surrounded by assembly members: 'I have come to your domain, king of dharma; assign to me the worlds I deserve.'"

हिन्दी अर्थ

युधिष्ठिरस्य तद् वाक्‍्यं बाढमित्यभ्यपूजयन् उस वचनका आदर किया

English

Yama said to me, "You are not dead, gentle one; the ascetic said to you 'See Yama' with his father's word, blazing like fire; that cannot be made untrue, brahmana.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उपेता सर्वभूतैश्न श्रेष्ठा भूमिरिहोच्यते

English

I am pleased with you; go back, dear one; your father, maker of your body, grieves. I give you whatever is your mind's wish; choose your desires, loving of guests."

हिन्दी अर्थ

निवास करते हों, वही भूमि यहाँ श्रेष्ठ बतायी जाती है औदकानि च सर्वाणि प्रवक्ष्याम्यनुपूर्वश:

English

Thus addressed by him I replied: "I have come to your domain, hard to turn back from; I wish to see the prosperous worlds of the doers of merit, if I deserve a boon from you."

हिन्दी अर्थ

मनुष्य तीनों लोकोंमें सर्वत्र पूजनीय होता है कीर्तिसंजनन श्रेष्ठ तडागानां निवेशनम्

English

Mounting me on a vehicle yoked with horses, shining and radiant, the god then showed me all the worlds of the doers of merit, lord of the twice-born.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वृद्धि करनेवाला तथा कीर्तिके विस्तारका सर्वोत्तम साधन है

English

There I saw splendid dwellings of the self-purified, of various shapes and forms, made wholly of jewels,

हिन्दी अर्थ

तडागसुकृतं देशे क्षेत्रमेक॑ महाश्रयम् एक महान् आश्रय है

English

white like the moon's disc, with nets of little bells, with many hundreds of floors, with water and groves inside,

हिन्दी अर्थ

तडागानि च सर्वाणि दिशन्ति श्रियमुत्तमाम्

English

shining like beryl and sun, made of silver and gold, the colour of the young sun, standing and moving,

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रकारके जलाशय उत्तम सम्पत्ति प्रदान करते हैं या च तत्र फलावाप्तिऋषिभि: समुदाह्ता

English

mountains made of food and drink, garments, beds, and trees bearing fruits of all desires standing at the houses,

हिन्दी अर्थ

लाभ होते हैं, उन सबको मैं तुम्हें बताऊँगा

English

rivers, lanes, halls, ponds and long lakes on all sides, and sounding vehicles harnessed by the thousand.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अग्निहोत्रफलं तस्य फलमाहुर्मनीषिण: गोसहस्रस्य स प्रेत्य लभते फलमुत्तमम्

English

Rivers flowing with milk, mountains, and ghee and clear water too; and many regions approved by Vaivasvata I saw, never seen before.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स वै बहुसुवर्णस्य यज्ञस्य लभते फलम्

English

Seeing all that, I said to the King of Dharma, the mighty ancient: "These rivers of milk and ghee, with eternal flow: for whom are they ordained to enjoy?"

हिन्दी अर्थ

दक्षिणासे युक्त महान् यज्ञके फलका भागी होता है तस्याग्निष्टोमयज्ञस्यथ फलमाहुर्मनीषिण:

English

Yama said: "Know that you are to enjoy them, who are the givers of cow-products, the good; the other worlds, eternal and free of sorrow, are crowded with those devoted to the gift of cows.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पुरुषोंने अग्निष्टोम नामक यज्ञके फलकी प्राप्ति बतायी है

English

Not the mere gift of them is praised; the vessel, the time, the special cow and the rule are to be known; brahmana, the difference among cows is hard to know, like fire and sun.

हिन्दी अर्थ

समस्त कुलका उद्धार कर देता है

English

A brahmana rich in study, exceedingly ascetic, keeping the sacrificial fires is their worthy vessel; cows released from hardship and come for nourishment: by these doors special cows are praised.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मृगपक्षिमनुष्याश्व सो5श्वमेधफलं लभेत् सुलभ होता है, वह अश्वमेध यज्ञका फल पाता है

English

Cows satisfied, after fasting three nights on the ground with only water, are to be given to the satisfied; pleased with calves, with good offspring and attendants, after giving, one should live on cow-products for three days.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तडागे यस्य तत् सर्व प्रेत्यानन्त्याय कल्पते

English

Giving a cow of good vows, with bronze milk-pail, with a fine calf and not fleeing, for as many years as she has hairs he enjoys the world of heaven.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सबका पुण्य उस पुरुषको मरनेके बाद अक्षय सुख प्रदान करता है पानीयस्य प्रदानेन प्रीतिर्भवति शाश्वती

English

So too, giving a self-controlled, strong, vigorous, young ox fit for the yoke to a brahmana, supporting the family, mighty and large, he enjoys worlds measured by the giver of a cow.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जलका दान करते हैं, वे ही वहाँ जलदानके पुण्यसे सदा तृप्त रहते हैं

English

One patient with cows, a refuge of cows, grateful, afflicted in livelihood: such they call a worthy vessel; in distress of livelihood, in rush, for great purpose, for farming, for offerings, for childbirth,

हिन्दी अर्थ

ज्ञातिभि: सह मोदध्वमेतत् प्रेत्य सुदुर्लभम् दान अवश्य करना चाहिए

English

for the teacher's sake or the nourishment of a child, cows may be given; the time and place are not special; those born within, well bought, got by knowledge, bought with life, won, and from water.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अत ऊर्ध्व॑ प्रवक्ष्यामि वृक्षाणामवरोपणम्

English

[Nachiketas said:] Hearing Vaivasvata's word, I asked again: "How does one who has no cow go to the worlds of the givers of cows?"

हिन्दी अर्थ

लगानेका माहात्म्य बतलाऊँगा वृक्षगुल्मलतावल्‍ल्यस्त्वक्सारास्तृणजातय:

English

Then the wise Yama said: "The highest goal is in the gift of cows; but there are givers of cow-substitutes without a cow.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कीर्तिश्न मानुषे लोके प्रेत्य चैव फलं शुभम्

English

When no cows are had, one who gives a ghee cow, of controlled vow: for him these cows flow with ghee, like loving ones.

हिन्दी अर्थ

फलकी प्राप्ति होती है छायया चातिथ्थिं तात पूजयन्ति महीरुह:

English

When no ghee is had, one who gives a sesame cow, of controlled vow, is carried across hardship by the cow and rejoices in the river of milk.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वृक्षदं पुत्रवद् वृक्षास्तारयन्ति परत्र तु पुत्रवत् परिपाल्याश्ष पुत्रास्ते धर्मत: स्मृता:

English

When no sesame is had, one who gives a water cow, of controlled vow, enjoys this cool river that bears desires."

हिन्दी अर्थ

एते स्वर्गे महीयन्ते ये चान्ये सत्यवादिन:

English

Such things the King of Dharma showed me there, and seeing them I gained supreme joy, Achyuta.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यजेच्च विविधैर्यज्ै: सत्यं च सततं वदेत् यज्ञोंका अनुष्ठान करे तथा सदा सत्य बोले

English

"And I tell you what is dear: a great sacrifice of little wealth has come to me, dear father, born from me; it will proceed by the rule of the Veda.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तेभ्यो विशिष्ट कि दानं मतं ते कुरुपुंगव

English

This curse has been received by me for your favour, since in it I saw Yama; seeing there the great reward of giving, I shall without doubt practise the dharmas of giving.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अपेक्षा आपके मतमें कौन दान श्रेष्ठ है? अनुसरण करता हो, वह मुझे बताइये

English

And the King of Dharma, again and again glad, said this to me, brahmana sage: 'Dear one, be always restrained in giving, and especially give cows.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यच्चाभिलषितं दद्यात् तृषितायाभियाचते

English

Pure wealth is not to be scorned by one's own dharma; it is to be given to a vessel suited to place and time; therefore cows are to be constantly given by you; let there be no doubt in you on this.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

दत्तं दातारमन्वेति यद् दानं भरतर्षभ एतानि वै पवित्राणि तारयन्त्यपि दुष्कृतम्

English

These were given in earlier times always by the peaceful-souled, set on the path of giving, not fearing fierce austerities; they gave gifts according to their power.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दानानि हि नरं पापान्मोक्षयन्ति न संशय:

English

In due time, as able, leaving envy, pure-souled, faithful, of meritorious conduct, having given and practised austerity, they reached that world and shine in heaven, of meritorious conduct.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दान मनुष्यको पापसे मुक्त कर देते हैं, इसमें संशय नहीं है तत् तद् गुणवते देयं तदेवाक्षयमिच्छता

English

This gift won justly is to be given to the twice-born, given to a vessel after examining; for ten days one should live on cow-products, milk, dung or cow's urine.

हिन्दी अर्थ

चाहता हो, उसके लिये ऐसा करना आवश्यक है

English

The giver of a bull would be one with the Vedic vow; the gift of a pair of oxen is the gaining of the Veda; the gift of one yoked to cows is the gaining of a sacred ford; the gift of a tawny cow is the release of sin.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सत्कार नहीं करता है, वह मनुष्य निर्दयी है

English

Giving even one tawny cow in a proper way, he is freed from stain; there is nothing higher than the juice of cows; they call the gift of cows very great.

हिन्दी अर्थ

व्यसने योनुगृह्नाति स वै पुरुषसत्तम: उसपर दया करता है, वही मनुष्योंमें श्रेष्ठ है

English

Cows, flowing, support the worlds, and cows produce food in the world; one who knows that and does not come to the kindness of cows is a sinful-minded goer to hell.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अपहन्यात् क्षुधां यस्तु न तेन पुरुष: सम:

English

Whether you are to give a thousand cows, a hundred, fifty or ten, with good calves, or even one to a good brahmana: she will be a river of holy fords there.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अयाचमानान् कौन्तेय सर्वोपायैर्निमन्त्रयेत् प्रत्येक उपायसे सहायता देनेके लिये निमन्त्रित करना चाहिए

English

By attainment, nourishment and protecting the world, cows are equal on earth to the sun's rays; one is the word, offspring and enjoyment; therefore the giver of a cow shines like the sun.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अर्लन्तो नित्यसंतुष्टास्तथा लब्धोपजीविन:

English

A pupil should choose his teacher in the gift of cows; he is the speaker, constantly the giver of heaven; this is a very great dharma of those who know rules, for rules rely on the first rule.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तान् युक्तैरुपजिज्ञास्यस्तथा द्विजवरोत्तमान् निमन्त्रयेथा: कौरव्य सर्वकामसुखावहै:

English

This gift won justly is to be given to the twice-born; having given to a vessel, you should cause to obtain after examining; immortals and men hope in you, and we too, on being born, are of meritorious conduct."

हिन्दी अर्थ

कार्यमित्येव मन्वाना धार्मिका: पुण्यकर्मिण:

English

Thus addressed by the King of Dharma, great sage, bowing my head to the righteous-souled one, permitted by that Vaivasvata, I came back to the root of the blessed one's feet.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पुत्रवत् परिपाल्यास्ते नमस्तेभ्यस्तथाभयम् करनेवाले होते हैं। क्षत्रियका तेज ब्राह्मणके पास जाते ही शान्त हो जाता है

English

incapable of comprehending thee and thy real nature. How then can persons like ourselves hope to comprehend thee? From thee flows everything. Upon thee rests everything. Thou art called Kala, thou art called Purusha, thou art called Brahma. Celestial Rishis conversant with the Puranas, say that thou hast three bodies viz., those pertaining to Kalas, those pertaining to Purusha and those pertaining to Brahma or the three forms namely Brahma, Vishnu and Rudra. Thou art Adhi-Purusha, (occupying the physical flame from head to foot) thou art Adhyatma, thou art Adhibhuta, and Adhi-Daivata, thou art Adhi-loka, Adhi-Vijnanam and Adhi-Yajna. 2 Men of wisdom, when they succeed in knowing thee that residest in themselves and that art incapable of being known by the very gods, become freed from all bonds and pass into a state of existence that transcends all sorrow. 3 They that do not wish to know thee, O thou of great puissance, have to undergo innumerable births and deaths. Thou art the door of heaven and of Emancipation. Thou art he that projectest all beings into existence and withdrawest them again into thyself. Thou art the great giver. Thou art heaven, thou art Emancipation, thou art desire (the seed of action). Thou art wrath that inspires creatures. Thou art Sattwa, thou art Rajas, thou art Tamas, thou art the nether regions, and thou art the upper regions. Thou art the Grandsire Brahma, thou art Bhava, thou art Vishnu, thou art Skanda, thou art Indra, thou art Savitri, thou art Yama, thou art Varuna, Soma, thou art Dhatri, thou art Manu, thou art Vidhatri and thou art Kuvera, the Lord of treasures. Thou art Earth, thou art Wind, thou art Water, thou art Agni, thou art Space, thou art Speech, thou art the Understanding, thou art Steadiness, thou art Intelligence, thou art the acts that creatures do, thou art Truth, thou art Falsehood, thou art existent and thou art non-existent. Thou art the senses, thou art that

हिन्दी अर्थ

दूराच्छूद्रेणोपचर्यो ब्राह्मणो5ग्निरिव ज्वलन् मृदुभावान् सत्यशीलान् सत्यधर्मानुपालकान्

English

[Yudhishthira said:] And how the great-souled Nriga suffered sorrow from one offence done through ignorance, grandfather, greatly wise one,

हिन्दी अर्थ

अपरेषां परेषां च परेभ्यश्षापि ये परे

English

and how, when Dvaravati was being settled, Krishna became the cause of his release when he was lifted up: that too I have grasped.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्राह्मणेष्वेव शाम्पन्ति तेजांसि च तपांसि च न मे पितु: पिता राजन् न चात्मा न च जीवितम्

English

But I have a doubt about the world of cows, lord; I wish to hear truly where givers of cows enter.

हिन्दी अर्थ

त्वत्तोडपि मे प्रियतरा ब्राह्मणा भरतर्षभ

English

[Bhishma said:] On this too they recite this ancient Itihasa, as Shatakratu asked the lotus-born this very thing.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तेन सत्येन गच्छेयं लोकान् यत्र च शान्तनु: उन्हीं लोकोंमें जाऊँ जहाँ मेरे पिता शान्तनु गये हैं

English

[Shakra said:] "Overcoming the splendour of the dwellers of heaven with your own brightness, I see those who dwell in the world of cows going; here I have a doubt.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तत्र मे तात गन्तव्यमह्बाय च चिराय च

English

What are the worlds of cows like, blessed one? Tell me, sinless one; those that givers live in; I wish to know this.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यन्मे कृतं ब्राह्मणेषु न तप्ये तेन पार्थिव कि दूसरा कोई पुण्य क्‍यों नहीं किया?

English

What kind, what fruit, and what is highest in their quality there? And how do people go there, free of fever?

हिन्दी अर्थ

इति श्रीमहा भारते अनुशासनपर्वणि दानधर्मपर्वणि एकोनषष्टितमो5ध्याय:

English

For how long does the giver enjoy the fruit of giving? How is a gift many-fold, or how even small?

हिन्दी अर्थ

सहैव सा गतिर्नान्या तथास्माकं द्विजातय:

English

which transcends Prakriti, thou art immutable. Thou art superior to the universe of existent objects, thou art superior to the universe of non-existent objects, thou art capable of being conceived, thou art incapable of being conceived. That which is supreme Brahman, that which is the highest entity, that which is the end of both the Sankhyas and the Yogins, is, without doubt, identical with thee. Verily, rewarded have I been today by thee in consequence of thy granting me a sight of thy form. I have attained the end which the righteous alone attain to. I have been rewarded with that end which is solicited by persons whose understandings have been cleansed by Knowledge. Alas, so long I was steeped in Ignorance; for this long period I was a senseless fool, since I had no knowledge of thee that art the Supreme Deity, thee that art the only eternal Entity as can be only known by all persons endued with wisdom. In course of innumerable lives have I at last succeeded in acquiring that Devotion towards thee in consequence of which thou hast shown thyself to me. O thou that art ever inclined to extend thy grace to those that are devoted to thee. He that succeeds in knowing thee is enable to enjoy immortality. Thou art that which is ever a mystery with the gods, the Asuras, and the ascetics. Brahman is concealed in the cave of the heart. The very ascetics are unable to behold or know Him. l Thou art that puissant deity who is the doer of everything and whose face is turned towards every direction. Thou art the Soul of all things, thou seest all things, thou pervadest all things, and thou knowest all things. Thou makest a body for thyself, and bearest that body. Thou art an embodied Being. Thou enjoyest a body, and thou art the refuge of all embodied creatures. Thou art the creator of the life-breaths, thou possessest the life- breaths, thou art one that is endued with life-breaths, thou art the giver of the life-breaths, and thou art the refuge of all beings endued with life-breaths. Thou art that Adhyatma which is the refuge of all righteous persons that are devoted to Yoga-meditation and conversant with the Soul and that are

हिन्दी अर्थ

पश्यन्तो दारुणं कर्म सततं क्षत्रिये स्थितम् कस्तेषां जीवितेनार्थस्त्वां विना ब्राह्मणाश्रयम्

English

And how can the giver of much be equal to a giver of little, lord, and how can a giver of little be a giver of much, lord?

हिन्दी अर्थ

राजन्यो ब्राह्मणान् राजन् पुरा परिचचार ह

English

And what kind of fee is distinguished in the gift of cows? You ought to tell me this truly, blessed one."