Anushasana Parva

हिन्दी अर्थ

तथा कर्मक्षयाद् हैवं प्रहासमुपगच्छति

English

ability to insult, even with looks, this chaste lady devoted to her husband, far less to touch her person. She has been protected from defilement by thy virtue and by her own chastity. There can be nothing contrary to what this proud lady will say. This utterer of Brahma, endued with austere penances, shall, for the salvation of the world, be metamorphosed into a mighty river. And thou shalt attain to all the worlds in this thy body, and as truly as the science of Yoga is within her control, this highly blessed lady will follow thee with only half of her corporeal self, and with the other half will she be celebrated as the river Oghavati! And thou shalt attain with her to all the worlds that acquired through penances, Those eternal and everlasting worlds from which none cometh back will be attained by thee even in this gross body of thine. Thou hast conquered Death, and attained to the highest of all felicities, and by thy own

हिन्दी अर्थ

मनुष्यको जैसी चिर अभिलषित गति मिलती है, उसका भी वर्णन करता हूँ

English

[Yudhishthira said:] I wish this explained in truth, grandfather; the course of dharma is subtle, where men are bewildered.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्राप्ति होती है

English

[Bhishma said:] On this I shall tell you, hear, king, as I heard long ago from sages speaking.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गवाढ्य: शाकदीक्षायां स्वर्गगामी तृणाशन:

English

Instruction should not be given to a man of low birth; in instruction a great fault is said of the teacher.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आसन प्रहृष्टमनस: प्रीतिमन्तो5भवंस्तदा

English

Here is an illustration, king; hear it from me, bull of the Bharatas, for ill-spoken words, as before, Yudhishthira, what happened in a Brahman hermitage on the lovely side of the Himalaya.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मड्ल्यरूपा रुचिरा दिव्यजीमूतनि:स्वना:

English

There was a holy hermitage, with groups of various trees, thick with shrubs and creepers, frequented by deer and birds,

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रभावसे मैं उन्हीं पुण्यलोकोंमें जाऊँगा जहाँ मेरे पिता महाराज शान्तनु गये हैं

English

resounding with Siddhas and Charanas, lovely, with flowering groves, crowded with many vow-keepers and adorned with ascetics,

हिन्दी अर्थ

अणु वा यदि वा स्थूलं विद्यते साधुकर्मसु

English

and by greatly fortunate brahmanas shining like the sun, rich in rules and vows, full of ascetics, initiated, bull of the Bharatas, restrained in food and self-possessed,

हिन्दी अर्थ

यन्मे कृतं ब्राह्मुणेभ्यस्तेनाद्य न तपाम्यहम्

English

resounding with the sound of Vedic study, and served by many Valakhilyas and ascetics.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हैव भी नष्ट हो जाता है

English

(of mind), attaining to the speed of thought, thou hast risen above the power of the five elements! By thus adhering to the duties of a householder, thou hast conquered thy passions, desires, and anger, and this princess, O prince of virtuous men has, by serving thee, conquered affliction, desire, illusion, enmity and lassitude of mind!'

हिन्दी अर्थ

पुरुष इह महात्मा प्राप्तुते नित्ययुक्त:

English

"Bhishma continued, 'Then the glorious Vasava (the lord of the gods), riding in a fine chariot drawn by a thousand white horses, approached that Brahmana. Death and Soul, all the worlds, all the elements, intellect, mind, time, and space as also desire and wrath, were all conquered. There-fore, O best of men, do thou bear this in mind, that to a householder there is no higher divinity than the guest. It is said by the learned that the blessings of an honoured guest are more efficacious than the merit of a hundred sacrifices. Whenever a deserving guest seeks the hospitality of a householder and is not honoured by him, he takes away (with him) all the virtues of the latter giving him his sins (in return). I have now recited to thee, my son, this excellent story as to how Death was conquered of old by a householder. The recital of this excellent story confers glory, fame, and longevity (upon those that listen to it). The man that seeks worldly prosperity should consider it as efficacious in removing all evil. And, O Bharata, the learned man that daily recites this story of the life of Sudarsana attains to the regions of the blessed.'"

हिन्दी अर्थ

पितृवनभवनाभं दृश्यते चामराणाम्

English

Then a thought of austerity arose in him, bull of the Bharatas; he said to the head of the hermitage, clasping his feet, Bharata:

हिन्दी अर्थ

दृष्टिमें वह श्मशानके ही तुल्य जान पड़ता है

English

"By your grace, bull of the twice-born, I wish to practise dharma; you ought to tell me, blessed one, and make me a renunciant."

हिन्दी अर्थ

फलं पुरुषकारस्य सदा संदृश्य तत्त्वतः

English

"I am of the lowest class, blessed one, a shudra by birth, good one; I wish to do service. Be gracious to me who have come to you."

हिन्दी अर्थ

विधिना कर्मणा चैव स्वर्गमार्गमवाप्लुयात्

English

[The head of the hermitage said:] "A shudra cannot live here relying on the mark; if you wish to stay, be devoted to service."

हिन्दी अर्थ

सत्कर्मसे ही स्वर्गलोकका मार्ग पा सकता है

English

[Bhishma said:] Thus addressed by the sage, the shudra thought, O king: "What should I do here? My faith in dharma is great. It is understood; so be it; I shall do what pleases me."

हिन्दी अर्थ

फलानि महतां श्रेष्ठ प्रब्रूहि परिपृच्छत:

English

Going far from the hermitage, he made a hut, and there, having set up an altar, ground and shrines for the gods, he lived at ease in observance, bull of the Bharatas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्या हैं? यह पूछ रहा हूँ, अत: यही बताइये

English

He did ablutions and observances at the shrines of the gods, made offerings and oblations, and worshipped the deity.

हिन्दी अर्थ

या गति: प्राप्यते येन प्रेत्यभावे चिरेप्सिता

English

Joined with resolve and observance, eating fruit, with senses mastered, always with herbs and fruits at hand,

हिन्दी अर्थ

तेन तेन शरीरेण तत् तत् फलमुपाश्चुते

English

he honoured guests who came, as was right; thus a very long time passed for him.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उस-उस कर्मका फल भोगता है

English

Then a sage came to that hermitage by chance, and he duly pleased the sage with a welcome.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्यां तस्यामवस्थायां भुड्धक्ते जन्मनि जन्मनि

English

Having made pleasant talk, the sage, of great splendour, righteous-souled and of restrained senses, asked him duly.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उसी अवस्थामें वह उसका फल भोगता है

English

Thus many times, bull of the Bharatas, that sage went to the shudra's hermitage to see him.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ते हास्य साक्षिणो नित्यं पष्ठ आत्मा तथैव च

English

Then the shudra said to that ascetic, bull of the Bharatas: "I will do the rite for the ancestors; show me favour in it."

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्रान्तायादृष्टपूर्वाय तस्य पुण्यफलं महत्

English

"Very well," said the brahmana to him, bull of the Bharatas; the shudra, being pure, brought the sage water for his feet.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पुण्यफलकी प्राप्ति होती है

English

Then he brought kusha grass, forest herbs, a purifier, a seat and a mat of grass.

हिन्दी अर्थ

चीरवल्कलसंवीते वासांस्थाभरणानि च

English

Then, seeing the mat with its head to the south, wrongly made, the sage said to him:

हिन्दी अर्थ

आभूषणोंकी प्राप्ति होती है

English

"Make this with its head to the east and be pure, facing north." The shudra did all that the sage said.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अग्नीनुपशयानस्य राज्ञ: पौरुषमेव च

English

As instructed, the wise one did the kusha grass and the rest exactly; the whole rule of offerings to gods and ancestors was told by that ascetic.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आमिषप्रतिसंहारे पशून् पुत्रांश्व विन्दति

English

The sage in the rite for the ancestors, and the shudra standing on the path of dharma; when the rite for the ancestors was done, he was dismissed and went.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्राप्ति होती है

English

Then after a long time that shudra ascetic, practising austerity in the forest, died, and by that merit was born, great king, in a royal line, of great radiance.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सततं चैकशायी य: स लभेतेप्सितां गतिम्

English

Likewise that sage, dear one, having reached the law of time, was born in a priest's family, a brahmana, bull of the Bharatas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दद्यादतिथिपूजार्थ स यज्ञ: पजचदक्षिण:

English

Thus those two, shudra and sage, were born there, and in order grew up, both skilled in the sciences.

हिन्दी अर्थ

लिये इन पाँच वस्तुओंका दान 'पंचदक्षिण यज्ञ” कहलाता है

English

In the Atharva Veda and the Veda the sage became well-established; in the practice of kalpa he was raised and he reached the highest in astrology; and their friendship, too, grew greatly.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अक्षयास्तस्य वै लोका: सर्वकामगमास्तथा

English

When the father had died, he, having done purification, Bharata, the prince, king, was consecrated by his subjects; with the consecrated one the sage was consecrated as priest.

हिन्दी अर्थ

करानेवाले होते हैं

English

Making him priest, he lived happily, bull of the Bharatas, and ruled the kingdom by dharma, protecting his subjects.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उपभोगांश्व तपसा ब्रद्मचर्येण जीवितम्

English

At the "auspicious day" blessings and again and again in rites of dharma, the king, seeing the priest, smiled and laughed; thus he mocked the priest many times, O king.

हिन्दी अर्थ

फलमूलाशिनो राज्यं स्वर्ग: पर्णाशिनां भवेत्

English

The priest, noticing the king often smiling and much praised, became angry.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मूल खानेवालेको राज्य और पत्ते चबाकर रहनेवालेको स्वर्गकी प्राप्ति होती है

English

Then in a lonely place the priest, meeting the king, delighted the king with agreeable talk.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्वर्ग सत्येन लभते दीक्षया कुलमुत्तमम्

English

Then that priest said to the king, bull of the Bharatas: "I wish for one boon from you, greatly radiant one."

हिन्दी अर्थ

कृत्वा द्वादश वर्षाणि वीरस्थानाद् विशिष्यते

English

[The king said:] "I would give you a hundred boons, or why only one, best of the twice-born; out of affection and respect there is nothing I would not give you."

हिन्दी अर्थ

लोककी प्राप्ति होती है

English

[The priest said:] "I wish one boon, if you are pleased, lord of the earth; what you give, great king, say truly, not falsely."

हिन्दी अर्थ

योडसौ प्राणान्तिको रोगस्तां तृष्णां त्यजत: सुखम्

English

[Bhishma said:] "Very well," the king answered him, Yudhishthira, "if I know, I shall tell; not knowing, I do not speak."

हिन्दी अर्थ

एवं पूर्वकृतं कर्म कर्तारमनुगच्छति

English

[The priest said:] "At the auspicious day blessings always and again and again at rites of dharma, at peace rites and oblations always, why do you laugh looking at me?

हिन्दी अर्थ

किया हुआ कर्म भी कर्ताको पहचानकर उसका अनुसरण करता है

English

My mind is ashamed at your laughing; by my wish, king, you are adjured; you ought not to speak otherwise.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्वकाल नातिवर्तन्ते तथा कर्म पुरा कृतम्

English

There must be a reason; your laughter cannot be causeless. My curiosity is very great; tell me in truth."

हिन्दी अर्थ

जीर्ण नहीं होती है (वह सदा नयी-नवेली बनी रहती है)

English

[The king said:] "Thus told by you, brahmana, even if it should not be told, it must surely be told; listen with one mind, twice-born."

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रीणाति मातरं येन पृथिवी तेन पूजिता

English

"Hear, best of the twice-born, what happened in my former body. I remember my birth, Brahmana; listen to me with attention.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अनादूृतास्तु यस्यैते सर्वास्तस्याफला: क्रिया:

English

I was a shudra before, much devoted to austerity, and you then, best of the twice-born, were a sage of fierce austerity.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तत् सर्व भवति वृथाभिधीयमाने

English

Pleased then, Brahmana, with a mind to favour me, you gave me instruction in the rite for the ancestors, sinless one, on the mat, the kusha grass, and the offerings to gods and ancestors, best of sages.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शुभाशुभफलप्राप्तौी किमत: श्रोतुमिच्छसि

English

By this fault of action you were born a priest; I a king, lord of brahmanas; see the turning of time. By instruction given for my sake you got this fruit.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एतन्मे सर्वमाचक्ष्व येभ्य: स्पृहयसे नूप

English

For this reason, Brahmana, I laugh at you, best of the twice-born; I do not despise you, Brahmana, I laugh; you are my teacher.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मनुष्यलोके सर्वस्मिन् यदमुत्रेह चाप्युत

English

My anger arises from the reversal, and my mind is tormented by it. I remember my birth with you; therefore I laugh at you.

हिन्दी अर्थ

बतानेकी कृपा करें

English

Thus your fierce austerity was destroyed by giving instruction. Leaving the priesthood, strive again in the next life.

हिन्दी अर्थ

येषां स्वप्रत्यय: स्वर्गस्तप: स्वाध्यायसाधनम्

English

Do not get from here another lower womb, twice-born; take wealth, Brahmana; become pure in soul, good one."

हिन्दी अर्थ

है तथा वेदोंका स्वाध्याय करना ही श्रेष्ठ तप है, उन ब्राह्मणोंको मैं चाहता हूँ

English

[Bhishma said:] Then, dismissed by the king, the brahmana gave many gifts to brahmanas, wealth, land and villages everywhere.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उद्धहन्ति न सीदन्ति तेभ्यो वै स्पृहयाम्यहम्

English

Having performed the penances as prescribed, that best of the twice-born went to sacred fords and gave various gifts.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ही लोगोंको मैं चाहता हूँ

English

Having given cows to brahmanas, the brahmana became pure in soul; going to that same hermitage, he practised great austerity.

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्रुतवृत्तोपपन्नानां सदाक्षरविदां सताम्

English

Then that brahmana, best of kings, reached supreme success, and became honoured among the dwellers of that hermitage.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शुश्रूषमाणे नृपतौ प्रेत्य चेह सुखावहा:

English

Thus that sage, best of kings, met great hardship; therefore a brahmana should not speak to people of lower classes.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विज्ञानगुणसम्पन्नास्ते भ्य श्ष स्पृहयाम्यहम्

English

A brahmana, O king, should always avoid giving instruction; the twice-born who gives instruction would meet hardship.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सभाओंमें सम्मानित होते हैं। मैं ऐसे श्रोताओंकी भी चाह रखता हूँ

English

A king should always seek by speech from the best of the twice-born; nothing should be told here to people of lower class.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ददत्यन्नानि तृप्त्यर्थ ब्राह्मणेभ्यो युधिष्ठिर

English

Brahmanas, kshatriyas and vaishyas are the three twice-born classes; telling among these, O king, a brahmana is not corrupted.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शव्यं होवाहवे योद्धं न दातुमनसूयितम्

English

Therefore the good should not tell anything to anyone in front; the course of dharma is subtle, hard to know for the unpractised.

हिन्दी अर्थ

येषां संख्यायमानानां दानशूरो विशिष्यते

English

Therefore sages honour silence and initiation; for fear of ill-spoken words, O king, they do not speak anything.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कुले जातो धर्मगतिस्तपोविद्यापरायण:

English

The righteous, rich in qualities, devoted to truth and honesty, struck by ill-spoken speech, incur wrongdoing here.

हिन्दी अर्थ

त्वत्तश्नापि प्रियतरा ब्राह्मणा भरतर्षभ

English

Instruction should never be given by anyone to anyone, for from instruction a brahmana would incur that sin.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्राह्मणोंको मैं तुमसे भी अधिक प्रिय मानता हूँ

English

Therefore, having considered, one wise and desiring dharma should speak; instruction made with truth and untruth injures.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तेन सत्येन गच्छेयं लोकान् यत्र स शान्तनुः

English

When asked here, one should speak after deciding on the reversal; and that instruction should be given by which one would gain dharma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न मे पितु: पिता वापि ये चान्येडपि सुहृज्जना:

English

All this has been told to you: when instruction is given, great affliction comes; therefore one should never instruct anywhere."

हिन्दी अर्थ

एतदेव पवित्रेभ्य: सर्वेभ्य: परमं स्मृतम्

English

" Yudhishthira said, 'If, O prince, Brahmanahood be so difficult of attainment by the three classes (Kshatriyas, Vaisyas and Sudras), how then did the high souled Viswamitra, O king, though a Kshatriya (by birth), attain to the status of a Brahmana? I desire to know this, O sire. Therefore, do thou truly relate this matter to me. That powerful man, O sire, by virtue of his austerities, destroyed in a moment the hundred sons of the high-souled Vasishtha. While under the influence of anger, he created numerous evil spirits and Rakshasas of mighty vigour and resembling the great destroyer Kala himself. The great and learned race of Kusika, numbering hundreds of regenerate sages and belauded by the Brahmanas, was founded in this world of men by him. Sunasepha of austere penances, the son of Richika, having been sought to be slain as an animal in the great sacrifice of Amvarisha, obtained his deliverance through Viswamitra. Harishchandra, having pleased the gods at a sacrifice, became a son of the wise Viswamitra. For not having honoured their eldest brother Devarat, whom Viswamitra got as a son from the gods, the other fifty brothers of his were cursed, and all of them became Chandalas. Trisanku, the son of Ikshwaku, through the curse of Vasistha became a Chandala, and when abandoned by

हिन्दी अर्थ

कुर्यादुभयत: शेषं दत्तशेषं न शेषयेत्

English

[Bhishma said:] On this I shall tell you as it was seen and heard: Rukmini asked in the presence of Devaki's son.

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्या है और क्‍या नहीं है

English

Seeing Shri blazing, lotus-faced, seated on Narayana's lap, the mother of Makaradhvaja, with eyes wide and lovely in wonder, asked out of curiosity:

हिन्दी अर्थ

आशास्तस्य हता: सर्वा: क्लीबस्येव प्रजाफलम्

English

"Which beings do you serve here, and which, standing, do you not serve? Tell me truly, beloved of beings, mistress of the three worlds, daughter of a great sage."

हिन्दी अर्थ

एतस्मिन्नन्तरे यद् यत् सुकृतं तस्य भारत

English

Thus addressed, Shri then, in the presence of the goddess and Garuda's banner, the moon-faced one, pleased, spoke sweetly and charmingly:

हिन्दी अर्थ

तपस्तप्तमथो वापि सर्व तस्योपहन्यते

English

"I dwell in truth, in the fortunate, the bold, the skilled man who engages in action; I do not dwell in a man averse to action, nor in an unbeliever, a mixer of classes, an ingrate, one of broken conduct, of cruel conduct, nor in a thief, nor in one who envies his elders.

हिन्दी अर्थ

निशम्य भरतश्रेष्ठ बुद्ध्या परमयुक्तया

English

Those who have little energy, strength and essence, who rejoice or are angry here and there, in such men, goddess, whose desires are asleep, I do not stay.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उपर्युक्त बात कहते हैं

English

He who asks for nothing for himself, he whose inner self is stricken by his nature, in men devoted always to little contentment, I do not live, goddess.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अश्वानां श्यामकर्णानां सहस्रेण स मुच्यते

English

I dwell among the righteous, the knowers of dharma, the great-souled, those who serve elders, the self-controlled, the knowers of truth, the great-souled.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्राह्मणोंकी सेवा ही सम्पूर्ण पवित्र कर्मोंसे बढ़कर परम पवित्र कार्य है

English

his friends, and remaining suspended with his head downwards in the lower regions, was translated to heaven at the pleasure of Viswamitra. Viswamitra had a large river, by name Kausika, that was frequented by celestial Rishis. This sacred and auspicious stream was frequented by the gods and regenerate Rishis. For disturbing his devotions, the famous celestial nymph Rambha of fine bracelets, was cursed and metamorphosed into a rock. Through fear of Viswamitra the glorious Vasishtha, in olden times, binding himself with creepers, threw himself down into a river and again rose released from his bonds. In consequence of this, that large and sacred river become thenceforth celebrated by the name of Vipasa. l He prayed to the glorious and puissant Indra who was pleased with him and absolved him from a curse. 2 Remaining on the northern side of the firmament, he sheds his lustre from a position in the midst of the seven regenerate Rishis, 3 and Dhruva the son of Uttanpada 4. These are his achievements as well as many others. O descendant of Kuru, as they were performed by a Kshatriya, my curiosity has been roused in this matter. Therefore, O foremost one of Bharata's race, do thou relate this matter to me truly. How without casting off his corporeal frame and taking another tenement of flesh could he become a Brahmana? Do thou, O sire, truly relate this matter to me as thou hast related to me the story of Matanga. Matanga was born as a Chandala, 5 and could not attain to Brahmanahood, (with all his austerities) but how could this man attain to the status of a Brahmana?"

हिन्दी अर्थ

तेषु मे तात गन्तव्यमह्वाय च चिराय च

English

A woman who acts without looking at her scattered goods, who always speaks against her husband, who delights in another's house, shameless, such a woman I avoid.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पितापुत्रौ च विज्ञेयौ तयोरहिं ब्राह्मणो गुरु:

English

A woman impure, who licks, devoid of steadiness, fond of quarrel, overcome by sleep, always lying down, such a woman I avoid.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मिलनेपर ही क्षत्रियको अपना अधिपति बनाती है

English

I dwell among women who are always true, pleasing to see, endowed with good fortune, rich in qualities, devoted to their husbands, of auspicious conduct and adorned.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अग्निवच्चोपचर्य वै ब्राह्मणा: कुरुसत्तम

English

I dwell in carriages, in maidens, in ornaments, in sacrifices, in rain-bearing clouds, in flowering lotus-ponds and in the autumn lanes of stars.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उनकी सेवा-पूजा करनी चाहिए

English

In mountains, cow-pens and forests, in lakes with blooming lotuses, in rivers sounding with the cry of swans and shining with the call of cranes,

हिन्दी अर्थ

आशीविषानिव क्रुद्धान् द्विजान् परिचरेत् सदा

English

in lakes adorned with wide banks, served by ascetics, Siddhas and brahmins, I dwell always in waters abundant, though waters troubled by lions and elephants; in a maddened elephant, a bull, a king, on a throne and in a good man always.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उभे चैते परित्याज्ये तेजश्वैव तपस्तथा

English

In whatever house a fire is offered to, cows and brahmanas are honoured, and the gods, and offerings are made in season with flowers, in that house I always take my dwelling.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एवं तेजका अभिमान त्याग देना चाहिए

English

I dwell in twice-born constant in study, in a kshatriya always devoted to dharma, in a vaishya devoted to farming, and in a shudra constantly engaged in service.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हन्युः क्रुद्धा महाराज ब्राह्मणा ये तपस्विन:

English

In Narayana I dwell with one mind, as his body, with my whole being; in him great dharma is established, and devotion to brahmanas and kindness.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्राह्मणान् ब्रह्म च तथा क्षत्रिय: परिपालयेत्

English

I do not dwell by body, goddess; nor can I say it so here; in the man in whom I dwell by feeling, he grows with dharma, fame, wealth and desire."