Mahabharata
12
अध्याय 12 / 18

Shanti Parva

शान्तिपर्व

12866 श्लोकभाग 170/172 · श्लोक 339.1–345.13

पूर्ण अध्याय पाठ91 श्लोक

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 339.1

[बरह्मा] शृणु पुत्र यथा हय एष पुरुषः शाश्वतॊ ऽवययः अक्षयश चाप्रमेयश च सर्वगश च निरुच्यते

[barahmā] śṛṇu putra yathā haya eṣa puruṣaḥ śāśvatò 'vayayaḥ akṣayaśa cāprameyaśa ca sarvagaśa ca nirucyate

हिन्दी अर्थ

भी उन अमिततेजस्वी गुरुके कृपा-प्रसादसे तुम्हें बताऊँगा ब्रह्मणा सह संवादं तयम्बकस्य विशाम्पते

English

breaths, the ten senses, and the mind.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 339.2

न स शक्यस तवया दरष्टुं मयान्यैर वापि सत्तम सगुणॊ निर्गुणॊ विश्वॊ जञानदृश्यॊ हय असौ समृतः

na sa śakyasa tavayā daraṣṭuṃ mayānyaira vāpi sattama saguṇò nirguṇò viśvò jañānadṛśyò haya asau samṛtaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

नैतत् कारणमल्पं हि भविष्यति पितामह

English

"He cannot be seen by you or me or others, good one; with qualities, without qualities, universal, he is remembered as seen by knowledge.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 339.3

अशरीरः शरीरेषु सर्वेषु निवसत्य असौ वसन्न अपि शरीरेषु न स लिप्यति कर्मभिः

aśarīraḥ śarīreṣu sarveṣu nivasatya asau vasanna api śarīreṣu na sa lipyati karmabhiḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

अन्नैकाग्रेण मनसा पुरुषश्चिन्त्यते विराट् सृज्यन्ते चापरे ब्रह्मनू स चैक: पुरुषो विराट्

English

Bodiless, he dwells in all bodies; though dwelling in bodies, he is not stained by deeds.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 339.4

ममान्तर आत्मा तव च ये चान्ये देहसंज्ञिताः सर्वेषां साक्षिभूतॊ ऽसौ न गराह्यः केन चित कव चित

mamāntara ātmā tava ca ye cānye dehasaṃjñitāḥ sarveṣāṃ sākṣibhūtò 'sau na garāhyaḥ kena cita kava cita

हिन्दी अर्थ

एतनमे संशयं ब्रूहि महत् कौतूहलं हि मे

English

The inner self of me and of you and of the others called embodied, he is the witness of all, to be grasped by none anywhere.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 339.5

विश्वमूर्धा विश्वभुजॊ विश्वपादाक्षि नासिकः एकश चरति कषेत्रेषु सवैरचारी यथासुखम

viśvamūrdhā viśvabhujò viśvapādākṣi nāsikaḥ ekaśa carati kaṣetreṣu savairacārī yathāsukhama

हिन्दी अर्थ

समाधान कीजिये। इस विषयको सुननेके लिये मेरे मनमें बड़ी उत्कण्ठा हो रही है एवमेतदतिक्रान्तं द्रष्टव्यं नैवमित्यपि

English

With the universe for head, arms, feet, eyes and nose, he moves alone in the fields, roaming freely at will.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 339.6

कषेत्राणि हि शरीराणि बीजानि च शुभाशुभे तानि वेत्ति स यॊगात्मा ततः कषेत्रज्ञ उच्यते

kaṣetrāṇi hi śarīrāṇi bījāni ca śubhāśubhe tāni vetti sa yògātmā tataḥ kaṣetrajña ucyate

हिन्दी अर्थ

बहूनां पुरुषाणां स यथैका योनिरुच्यते

English

Fields are bodies, and good and bad are seeds; he knows them, the yoga-self, and therefore is called the knower of the field.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 339.7

नागतिर न गतिस तस्य जञेया भूतेन केन चित सांख्येन विधिना चैव यॊगेन च यथाक्रमम

nāgatira na gatisa tasya jañeyā bhūtena kena cita sāṃkhyena vidhinā caiva yògena ca yathākramama

हिन्दी अर्थ

पज्चाशदधिकत्रिशततमोध्याय: अक्षयश्षाप्रमेयश्न सर्वगश्न निरुच्यते

English

His coming and going are not to be known by any being, by Sankhya rule or by yoga in order.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 339.8

चिन्तयामि गतिं चास्य न गतिं वेद्मि चॊत्तमाम यथा जञानं तु वक्ष्यामि पुरुषं तं सनातनम

cintayāmi gatiṃ cāsya na gatiṃ vedmi còttamāma yathā jañānaṃ tu vakṣyāmi puruṣaṃ taṃ sanātanama

हिन्दी अर्थ

अप्रमेय और सर्वव्यापी बताया जाता है, वह सुनो

English

I think of his course, and do not know the highest course; but as knowledge is, I shall tell of that eternal Person.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 339.9

तस्यैकत्वं महत्त्वं हि स चैकः पुरुषः समृतः महापुरुष शब्दं स बिभर्त्य एकः सनातनः

tasyaikatvaṃ mahattvaṃ hi sa caikaḥ puruṣaḥ samṛtaḥ mahāpuruṣa śabdaṃ sa bibhartya ekaḥ sanātanaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

सगुणो निर्गुणो विश्वो ज्ञानदृश्यो हासौ स्मृत: वसन्नपि शरीरेषु न स लिप्यति कर्मभि:

English

His oneness and greatness: he is remembered as the one Person; he alone, the eternal, bears the name Great Person.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 339.10

एकॊ हुताशॊ बहुधा समिध्यते; एकः सूर्यस तपसां यॊनिर एका एकॊ वायुर बहुधा वाति लॊके; महॊदधिश चाम्भसां यॊनिर एकः पुरुषश चैकॊ निर्गुणॊ विश्वरूपस; तं निर्गुणं पुरुषं चाविशन्ति

ekò hutāśò bahudhā samidhyate; ekaḥ sūryasa tapasāṃ yònira ekā ekò vāyura bahudhā vāti lòke; mahòdadhiśa cāmbhasāṃ yònira ekaḥ puruṣaśa caikò nirguṇò viśvarūpasa; taṃ nirguṇaṃ puruṣaṃ cāviśanti

हिन्दी अर्थ

इतिहासका उदाहरण दिया करते हैं

English

One fire is kindled in many ways; one sun is the source of heat; one wind blows in many ways in the world; one great ocean is the source of waters; and one Person, without qualities, of universal form, they enter that Person without qualities.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 339.11

हित्वा गुणमयं सर्वं कर्म हित्वा शुभाशुभम उभे सत्यानृते तयक्त्वा एवं भवति निर्गुणः

hitvā guṇamayaṃ sarvaṃ karma hitvā śubhāśubhama ubhe satyānṛte tayaktvā evaṃ bhavati nirguṇaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

वैजयन्त इति ख्यात: पर्वतप्रवरो नृप सुवर्णकी-सी कान्तिसे प्रकाशित होता है

English

Having left all that is made of qualities, having left action, good and bad, and having left both truth and untruth, thus one becomes without qualities.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 339.12

अचिन्त्यं चापि तं जञात्वा भावसूक्ष्मं चतुष्टयम विचरेद यॊ यतिर यत्तः स गच्छेत पुरुषं परभुम

acintyaṃ cāpi taṃ jañātvā bhāvasūkṣmaṃ catuṣṭayama vicareda yò yatira yattaḥ sa gaccheta puruṣaṃ parabhuma

हिन्दी अर्थ

वैराजसदनान्नित्यं वैजयन्तं निषेवते

English

Knowing him too as inconceivable, subtle by nature, fourfold, the ascetic who lives with effort goes to the lord Person.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 339.13

एवं हि परमात्मानं के चिद इच्छन्ति पण्डिताः एकात्मानं तथात्मानम अपरे ऽधयात्मचिन्तकाः

evaṃ hi paramātmānaṃ ke cida icchanti paṇḍitāḥ ekātmānaṃ tathātmānama apare 'dhayātmacintakāḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

और उस वैजयन्त पर्वतका सेवन करते थे ललाटप्रभव: पुत्र: शिव आगाद् यदृच्छया

English

Some wise men so wish the Supreme Self, others, reflecting on the self, wish the self as one.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 339.14

तत्र यः परमात्मा हि स नित्यं निर्गुणः समृतः स हि नारायणॊ जञेयः सर्वात्मा पुरुषॊ हि सः न लिप्यते फलैश चापि पद्मपत्रम इवाम्भसा

tatra yaḥ paramātmā hi sa nityaṃ nirguṇaḥ samṛtaḥ sa hi nārāyaṇò jañeyaḥ sarvātmā puruṣò hi saḥ na lipyate phalaiśa cāpi padmapatrama ivāmbhasā

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततः खान्निपपाताशु धरणीधरमूर्थनि

English

There the Supreme Self is remembered as always without qualities; he is to be known as Narayana, the self of all, the Person; he is not stained by fruits, like a lotus leaf by water.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 339.15

कर्मात्मा तव अपरॊ यॊ ऽसौ मॊक्षबन्धैः स युज्यते ससप्तदशकेनापि राशिना युज्यते हि सः एवं बहुविधः परॊक्तः पुरुषस ते यथाक्रमम

karmātmā tava aparò yò 'sau mòkṣabandhaiḥ sa yujyate sasaptadaśakenāpi rāśinā yujyate hi saḥ evaṃ bahuvidhaḥ paròktaḥ puruṣasa te yathākramama

हिन्दी अर्थ

त॑ पादयोर्निपतितं दृष्टवा सव्येन पाणिना उवाच चैनं भगवांश्रचिरस्यागतमात्मजम्

English

But the other, the self of action, is joined with the bonds of liberation, and is joined with the heap of seventeen. Thus the Person has been told to you in many ways in order.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 339.16

यत तत कृत्स्नं लॊकतन्त्रस्य धाम; वेद्यं परं बॊधनीयं सबॊधृ मन्ता मन्तव्यं पराशिता पराशितव्यं; घराता घरेयं सपर्शिता सपर्शनीयम

yata tata kṛtsnaṃ lòkatantrasya dhāma; vedyaṃ paraṃ bòdhanīyaṃ sabòdhṛ mantā mantavyaṃ parāśitā parāśitavyaṃ; gharātā ghareyaṃ saparśitā saparśanīyama

हिन्दी अर्थ

कच्चित् ते कुशल पुत्र स्वाध्यायतपसो: सदा

English

That which is the whole abode of the system of the world, the highest knowable, the awakener with the awakened one, the thinker, the thinkable, the taster, the tasteable, the smeller, the smellable, the toucher, the touchable,

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 339.17

दरष्टा दरष्टव्यं शराविता शरावणीयं; जञाता जञेयं सगुणं निर्गुणं च यद वै परॊक्तं गुणसाम्यं परधानं; नित्यं चैतच छाश्वतं चाव्ययं च

daraṣṭā daraṣṭavyaṃ śarāvitā śarāvaṇīyaṃ; jañātā jañeyaṃ saguṇaṃ nirguṇaṃ ca yada vai paròktaṃ guṇasāmyaṃ paradhānaṃ; nityaṃ caitaca chāśvataṃ cāvyayaṃ ca

हिन्दी अर्थ

नित्यमुग्रतपास्त्वं हि ततः पृच्छामि ते पुन: कुशल चाव्ययं चैव सर्वस्य जगतस्त्वथ

English

the seer, the seeable, the hearer, the hearable, the knower, the knowable, with qualities and without qualities, what is called the equilibrium of qualities, Pradhana, eternal, everlasting and imperishable,

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 339.18

यद वै सूते धातुर आद्यं निधानं; तद वै विप्राः परवदन्ते ऽनिरुद्धम यद वै लॊके वैदिकं कर्म साधु; आशीर युक्तं तद धि तस्यॊपभॊज्यम

yada vai sūte dhātura ādyaṃ nidhānaṃ; tada vai viprāḥ paravadante 'niruddhama yada vai lòke vaidikaṃ karma sādhu; āśīra yuktaṃ tada dhi tasyòpabhòjyama

हिन्दी अर्थ

कभी भंग नहीं हुए हैं। सम्पूर्ण जगत् भी कुशल-क्षेमसे है

English

what produces the first treasure of the creator, that, brahmins, they call Aniruddha. What in the world is good Vedic action joined with wishes, that is to be enjoyed by him.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 339.19

देवाः सर्वे मुनयः साधु दान्तास; तं पराग यज्ञैर यज्ञभागं यजन्ते अहं बरह्मा आद्य ईशः परजानां; तस्माज जातस तवं च मत्तः परसूतः मत्तॊ जगज जङ्गमं सथावरं च; सर्वे वेदाः सरहस्या हि पुत्र

devāḥ sarve munayaḥ sādhu dāntāsa; taṃ parāga yajñaira yajñabhāgaṃ yajante ahaṃ barahmā ādya īśaḥ parajānāṃ; tasmāja jātasa tavaṃ ca mattaḥ parasūtaḥ mattò jagaja jaṅgamaṃ sathāvaraṃ ca; sarve vedāḥ sarahasyā hi putra

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततोऊहं पर्वत प्राप्तस्त्विमं त्वत्यादसेवितम् चरणोंद्वारा सेवित इस पर्वतपर पुन: दर्शनके लिये आया हूँ

English

All the gods and the good, self-controlled sages worship him first with sacrifices as the share of sacrifice. I, Brahma, the first lord of creatures, and you, born of me, and from me the moving and unmoving world, and all the Vedas with their secrets, son."

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 339.20

चतुर्विभक्तः पुरुषः स करीदति यथेच्छति एवं स एव भगवाञ जञानेन परतिबॊधितः

caturvibhaktaḥ puruṣaḥ sa karīdati yathecchati evaṃ sa eva bhagavāña jañānena paratibòdhitaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

इसका कोई छोटा-मोटा कारण नहीं होगा सुरासुरैरध्युषितं ऋषिभिश्नामितप्रभै:

English

Fourfold divided the Person plays as he wishes; thus the blessed one himself was awakened by knowledge.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 339.21

एतत ते कथितं पुत्र यथावद अनुपृच्छतः सांख्यज्ञाने तथा यॊगे यथावद अनुवर्णितम

etata te kathitaṃ putra yathāvada anupṛcchataḥ sāṃkhyajñāne tathā yòge yathāvada anuvarṇitama

हिन्दी अर्थ

उत्सृज्येमं गिरिवरमेकाकी प्राप्ततानसि

English

This has been told to you, son, as you asked; it has been described truly in Sankhya knowledge and in yoga.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 340.1

[य] धर्माः पितामहेनॊक्ता मॊक्षधर्माश्रिताः शुभाः धर्मम आश्रमिणां शरेष्ठं वक्तुम अर्हति मे भवान

[ya] dharmāḥ pitāmahenòktā mòkṣadharmāśritāḥ śubhāḥ dharmama āśramiṇāṃ śareṣṭhaṃ vaktuma arhati me bhavāna

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्वेषां साक्षिभूतो5सौ न ग्राह्म: केनचित् क्वचित्

English

"Yudhishthira said, 'Tell me, O grandsire, what reply was given by either the Brahmana or the monarch to Virupa after the conclusion of the latter's speech. What kind of end was it, amongst those described by thee, that they obtained? What, indeed, was the discourse that happened between them, and what did they do there?'

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 340.2

[भीस्म] सर्वत्र विहितॊ धर्मः सवर्ग्यः सत्यफलॊदयः बहु दवारस्य धर्मस्य नेहास्ति विफला करिया

[bhīsma] sarvatra vihitò dharmaḥ savargyaḥ satyaphalòdayaḥ bahu davārasya dharmasya nehāsti viphalā kariyā

हिन्दी अर्थ

जानते हैं, इसलिये क्षेत्रज् कहलाते हैं सांख्येन विधिना चैव योगेन च यथाक्रमम्

English

"The Brahmana said, Thou hast made strenuous efforts before all these persons (for making me a sharer of the rewards in store for thee as the consequences of thy own acts). Let us then become equal in respect of our rewards (in next life), and let us go to receive that end which is ours.' Knowing the resolve to which they came there, the chief of the gods came to that spot, accompanied by the deities and the Regents of the world. The Sadhyas, the Viswas, the Mantras, diverse kinds of loud and sweet music, the Rivers, the Mountains, the Seas, the Sacred Waters, the Penances, the Ordinances about yoga, the Vedas, the Sounds that accompany the singing of the Samans, Saraswati, Narada, Parvata, Viswavasu, the Hahas, the Huhus, the Gandharva Chitrasena with all the members of his family, the Nagas, the

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 340.3

यस्मिन यस्मिंस तु विषये यॊ यॊ याति विनिश्चयम स तम एवाभिजानाति नान्यं भरतसत्तम

yasmina yasmiṃsa tu viṣaye yò yò yāti viniścayama sa tama evābhijānāti nānyaṃ bharatasattama

हिन्दी अर्थ

यथाज्ञानं तु वक्ष्यामि पुरुषं तु सनातनम्

English

Munis, the god of gods, viz., Prajapati, and the inconceivable and thousand-headed Vishnu himself, came there. Drums and trumpets were beat and blown in the firmament. Celestial flowers were rained down upon those high-souled beings. Bands of Apsaras danced all around. Heaven, in his embodied form, came there. Addressing the Brahmana, he said, 'Thou hast attained to success. Thou art highly blessed.' Next addressing the monarch, he said, 'Thou also, O king, hast attained to success.' Those two persons then, O monarch (viz., the Brahmana and the king), having done good to each other, withdrew their senses from the objects of the world. Fixing the vital breaths Prana, Apana, Samana, Udana and Vyana in the heart, they concentrated the mind in Prana and Apana united together.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 340.4

अपि च तवं नरव्याघ्र शरॊतुम अर्हसि मे कथाम पुरा शक्रस्य कथितां नारदेन सुरर्षिणा

api ca tavaṃ naravyāghra śaròtuma arhasi me kathāma purā śakrasya kathitāṃ nāradena surarṣiṇā

हिन्दी अर्थ

महापुरुषशब्दं स बिभरत्येंक: सनातन: सनातन श्रीहरि ही महापुरुष नाम धारण करते हैं

English

And you, tiger among men, ought to hear from me a story told to Shakra long ago by the divine sage Narada.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 340.5

सुरर्षिर नारदॊ राजन सिद्धस तरैलॊक्यसंमतः पर्येति करमशॊ लॊकान वायुर अव्याहतॊ यथा

surarṣira nāradò rājana siddhasa tarailòkyasaṃmataḥ paryeti karamaśò lòkāna vāyura avyāhatò yathā

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्‍्तं निर्गुणं पुरुषं चाविशन्ति

English

The divine sage Narada, O king, perfected, honoured in the three worlds, goes through the worlds in order, like the unobstructed wind.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 340.6

स कदा चिन महेष्वास देवराजालयं गतः सत्कृतश च महेन्द्रेण परत्यासन्न गतॊ ऽभवत

sa kadā cina maheṣvāsa devarājālayaṃ gataḥ satkṛtaśa ca mahendreṇa paratyāsanna gatò 'bhavata

हिन्दी अर्थ

उभे सत्यानृते त्यक्त्वा एवं भवति निर्गुण: विचरेद् यो5समुन्नद्ध: स गच्छेत् पुरुषं शुभम्

English

Once that great archer went to the abode of the king of the gods, was honoured by Mahendra, and sat close.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 340.7

तं कृतक्षणम आसीनं पर्यपृच्छच छची पतिः बरह्मर्षे किं चिद आश्चर्यम अस्ति दृष्टं तवयानघ

taṃ kṛtakṣaṇama āsīnaṃ paryapṛcchaca chacī patiḥ barahmarṣe kiṃ cida āścaryama asti dṛṣṭaṃ tavayānagha

हिन्दी अर्थ

एकात्मानं तथा55त्मानमपरे ज्ञानचिन्तका:

English

As he sat at leisure the lord of Shachi asked him: "Brahmarishi, sinless one, have you seen any wonder?

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 340.8

यथा तवम अपि विप्रर्षे तरैलॊक्यं सचराचरम जातकौतूहलॊ नित्यं सिद्धश चरसि साक्षिवत

yathā tavama api viprarṣe tarailòkyaṃ sacarācarama jātakautūhalò nityaṃ siddhaśa carasi sākṣivata

हिन्दी अर्थ

आत्माको ही जानना या पाना चाहते हैं स हि नारायणो ज्ञेय: सर्वात्मा पुरुषो हि सः

English

As you, brahmana sage, roam the three worlds with their moving and unmoving, always curious, perfected, like a witness,

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 340.9

न हय अस्त्य अविदितं लॊके देवर्षे तव किं चन शरुतं वाप्य अनुभूतं वा दृष्टं वा कथयस्व मे

na haya astya aviditaṃ lòke devarṣe tava kiṃ cana śarutaṃ vāpya anubhūtaṃ vā dṛṣṭaṃ vā kathayasva me

हिन्दी अर्थ

चाहिए। वही सर्वात्मा पुरुष है

English

there is nothing unknown to you in the world, divine sage; tell me what you have heard, felt or seen."

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 340.10

तस्मै राजन सुरेन्द्राय नारदॊ वदतां वरः आसीनायॊपपन्नाय परॊक्तवान विपुलां कथाम

tasmai rājana surendrāya nāradò vadatāṃ varaḥ āsīnāyòpapannāya paròktavāna vipulāṃ kathāma

हिन्दी अर्थ

साक्षी वे पुरुषोत्तम श्रीहरि कहीं किसीके द्वारा भी पकड़में नहीं आते एकक्षरति क्षेत्रेषु स्वैरचारी यथासुखम्

English

"Bhishma said, 'The Brahmana, saying, 'Let it be as thou hast said, 'worshipped Dharma and Yama and Time and Mrityu and Heaven, all of whom were worthy of worship. He also worshipped all those foremost of Brahmanas that had come there by bending his head unto them. Addressing the monarch then, he said, 'Endued with the reward of my recitations, O royal sage, attain thou to a position of eminence. With thy leave I shall set myself to my recitations again. O thou of great might, the goddess Savitri gave me a boon, saying, 'Let thy devotion to recitations be continuous.'

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 340.11

यथा येन च कल्पेन स तस्मै दविजसत्तमः कथां कथितवान पृष्ठस तथा तवम अपि मे शृणु

yathā yena ca kalpena sa tasmai davijasattamaḥ kathāṃ kathitavāna pṛṣṭhasa tathā tavama api me śṛṇu

हिन्दी अर्थ

तानि वेत्ति स योगात्मा ततः क्षेत्रज्ञ उच्यते

English

"The king said, 'If thy success (in recitation) has b.-come fruitless (in consequence of thy having given away those fruits unto me), and if thy heart be set upon practising again, go, O learned Brahmana, half and half with me, and let the reward of thy recitations themselves be thine.'

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 341.1

[भीस्म] आसीत किल कुरुश्रेष्ठ महापद्मे पुरॊत्तमे गङ्गाया दक्षिणे तीरे कश चिद विप्रः समाहितः

[bhīsma] āsīta kila kuruśreṣṭha mahāpadme puròttame gaṅgāyā dakṣiṇe tīre kaśa cida vipraḥ samāhitaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

एवं बहुविध: प्रोक्त: पुरुषस्ते यथाक्रमम् अनेकताकी बात बतायी गयी

English

They then placed the two united breaths in the abdomen, and directed their gaze to the tip of the nose and then immediately below the two eye-brows. They next held the two breaths, with the aid of the mind, in the spot that intervenes between the two eye-brows, bringing them there very gradually. With bodies perfectly inactive, they were absorbed with fixed gaze. Having control over their souls, they then placed the soul within the brain. Then piercing the crown of the high-souled Brahmana a fiery flame of great splendour ascended to heaven. Loud exclamations of woe, uttered by all creatures, were then heard on all sides. Its praises hymned by all, that splendour then entered Brahman's self. The Great grandsire, advancing forward, addressed that splendour which had assumed a form of the tallness of a span, saying, 'Welcome!' And once more he uttered these words, 'Verily, Reciters attain to the same end with the yogins. The attainment by the yogin of his end is an object of direct vision unto all these (here assembled). As regards Reciters, there is this distinction, that the honour is ordained for them of Brahman's advancing forward to receive them (after their departure from earth), l Dwell thou in me.' Thus spoke Brahman and once more imparted consciousness into that splendour. Indeed, the Brahmana then, freed from all anxieties, entered the mouth of the Creator. The monarch (Ikshvaku) also, after the same manner, entered the divine Grandsire like that foremost of Brahmanas. The (assembled) deities saluted the self-born and said, A very superior end is, indeed, ordained for Reciters. This exertion (that we have seen thee put forth) is for Reciters. As regards ourselves, we came hither for beholding it. Thou hast made these two equal, rendered them equal honour, and bestowed upon them an equal end. The high end that is reserved for both yogins and Reciters has been seen by us today. Transcending all regions (of felicity), these two are capable of going whithersoever they wish.'

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 341.2

सौम्यः सॊमान्वये वेदे गताध्वा छिन्नसंशयः धर्मनित्यॊ जितक्रॊधॊ नित्यतृप्तॊ जितेन्द्रियः

saumyaḥ sòmānvaye vede gatādhvā chinnasaṃśayaḥ dharmanityò jitakròdhò nityatṛptò jitendriyaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

घ्राता प्रेयं स्पर्शिता स्पर्शनीयम्

English

"Brahman said, 'He also that would read the great Smriti (viz., the Veda), and he too, who would read the other auspicious Smritis that follow the former (viz., Manu's and the rest), would, in this way, attain to the same region with me. He also who is devoted to yoga, will, without doubt, acquire in this manner, after death, the regions that are mine. I go hence. Go ye all

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 341.3

अहिंसा निरतॊ नित्यं सत्यः सज जनसंमतः नयायप्राप्तेन वित्तेन सवेन शीलेन चान्वितः

ahiṃsā niratò nityaṃ satyaḥ saja janasaṃmataḥ nayāyaprāptena vittena savena śīlena cānvitaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

वही स्पर्श करनेवाला तथा वही स्पर्शके योग्य वस्तु है नित्यं चैतच्छाश्वूतं चाव्ययं च

English

to your respective places for the accomplishment of your ends.'

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 341.4

जञातिसंबन्धिवपुले मित्रापाश्रय संमते कुले महति विख्याते विशिष्टां वृत्तिम आस्थितः

jañātisaṃbandhivapule mitrāpāśraya saṃmate kule mahati vikhyāte viśiṣṭāṃ vṛttima āsthitaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

यह पुरुष ही है। यह नित्य सनातन और अविनाशी तत्त्व है

English

"Bhishma continued, 'Having said these words, that foremost of gods disappeared there and then. The assembled deities, having previously taken his leave, returned to their respective abodes. All those high- souled beings, having honoured Dharma, proceeded with well-pleased hearts, O monarch, walking behind that great deity. These are the rewards of reciters and this their end. I have described them to thee as I myself had heard of them. What else, O monarch, dost thou wish to hear of?'"

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 341.5

सपुत्रान बहुलान दृष्ट्वा विपुले कर्मणि सथितः कुलधर्माश्रितॊ राजन धर्मचर्या परॊ ऽभवत

saputrāna bahulāna dṛṣṭvā vipule karmaṇi sathitaḥ kuladharmāśritò rājana dharmacaryā parò 'bhavata

हिन्दी अर्थ

आशीरयुक्त तद्धि तस्यैव भाव्यम् पुरुषकी प्रसन्नताके लिये ही होते हैं--ऐसा चिन्तन करना चाहिए

English

absorption into Brahma; the other's enjoyment of ordinary felicity, which, of course, is terminable, and

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 341.6

ततः स धर्मं वेदॊक्तं यथाशास्त्रॊक्तम एव च शिष्टाचीर्णं च धर्मं च तरिविधं चिन्त्य चेतसा

tataḥ sa dharmaṃ vedòktaṃ yathāśāstròktama eva ca śiṣṭācīrṇaṃ ca dharmaṃ ca tarividhaṃ cintya cetasā

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्माज्जातस्त्वं च मत्त: प्रसूत:

English

absorption into Brahma; the other's enjoyment of ordinary felicity, which, of course, is terminable, and

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 341.7

किं नु मे सयाच छुभं कृत्वा किं कषमं किं परायनम इत्य एवं खिद्यते नित्यं न च याति विनिश्चयम

kiṃ nu me sayāca chubhaṃ kṛtvā kiṃ kaṣamaṃ kiṃ parāyanama itya evaṃ khidyate nityaṃ na ca yāti viniścayama

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्वे वेदा: सरहस्या हि पुत्र एवं स भगवान् स्वेन ज्ञानेन प्रतिबोधित:

English

absorption into Brahma; the other's enjoyment of ordinary felicity, which, of course, is terminable, and

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 341.8

तस्यैवं खिद्यमानस्य धर्मं परमम आस्थितः कदा चिद अतिथिः पराप्तॊ बराह्मणः सुसमाहितः

tasyaivaṃ khidyamānasya dharmaṃ paramama āsthitaḥ kadā cida atithiḥ parāptò barāhmaṇaḥ susamāhitaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

सांख्यज्ञाने तथा योगे यथावदनुवर्णितम्

English

absorption into Brahma; the other's enjoyment of ordinary felicity, which, of course, is terminable, and

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 341.9

स तस्मै सत्क्रियां चक्रे करिया युक्तेन हेतुना विश्रान्तं चैनम आसीनम इदं वचनम अब्रवीत

sa tasmai satkriyāṃ cakre kariyā yuktena hetunā viśrāntaṃ cainama āsīnama idaṃ vacanama abravīta

हिन्दी अर्थ

योगमें इस विषयका यथार्थरूपसे वर्णन किया गया है धर्ममाश्रमिणां श्रेष्ठ वक्तुमहति मे भवान्

English

absorption into Brahma; the other's enjoyment of ordinary felicity, which, of course, is terminable, and

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 342.1

[बराह्मण] समुत्पन्नाभिधानॊ ऽसमि वाङ माधुर्येण ते ऽनघ मित्रताम अभिपन्नस तवां किं चिद वक्ष्यामि तच छृणु

[barāhmaṇa] samutpannābhidhānò 'sami vāṅa mādhuryeṇa te 'nagha mitratāma abhipannasa tavāṃ kiṃ cida vakṣyāmi taca chṛṇu

हिन्दी अर्थ

स तमेवाभिजानाति नान्‍्यं भरतसत्तम

English

the last is the enjoyment of that felicity which is due to a freedom from desire and attachments; 126 speaks of this last kind of felicity.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 342.2

गृहस्थ धर्मं विप्रेन्द्र कृत्वा पुत्रगतं तव अहम धर्मं परमकं कुर्यां कॊ हि मार्गॊ भवेद दविज

gṛhastha dharmaṃ viprendra kṛtvā putragataṃ tava ahama dharmaṃ paramakaṃ kuryāṃ kò hi mārgò bhaveda davija

हिन्दी अर्थ

गज़ाया दक्षिणे तीरे कश्चिद् विप्र: समाहित:

English

"Having fulfilled the householder's dharma, lord of brahmanas, and gone to the sons' stage, I would practise the highest dharma; what, Brahmana, would be the way?

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 342.3

अहम आत्मानम आत्मस्थम एक एवात्मनि सथितः कर्तुं काङ्क्षामि नेच्छामि बद्धः साधारणैर गुणैः

ahama ātmānama ātmasthama eka evātmani sathitaḥ kartuṃ kāṅkṣāmi necchāmi baddhaḥ sādhāraṇaira guṇaiḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

न्यायप्राप्तेन वित्तेन स्वेन शीलेन चान्वित: कुले महति विख्याते विशिष्टां वृत्तिमास्थित:

English

I wish to be one with the self in the self, alone and abiding in the self; I do not wish to be bound by common qualities.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 342.4

यावद एवानतीतं मे वयः पुत्रफलाश्रितम तावद इच्छामि पाथेयम आदातुं पारलौकिकम

yāvada evānatītaṃ me vayaḥ putraphalāśritama tāvada icchāmi pātheyama ādātuṃ pāralaukikama

हिन्दी अर्थ

आजीविकाके सहारे जीवन-निर्वाह करता था

English

As long as my age relying on the fruit of sons has not passed, so long I wish to take provisions for the other world.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 342.5

अस्मिन हि लॊकसंताने परं पारम अभीप्सतः उत्पन्ना मे मतिर अयं कुतॊ धर्ममयः पलवः

asmina hi lòkasaṃtāne paraṃ pārama abhīpsataḥ utpannā me matira ayaṃ kutò dharmamayaḥ palavaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

कुलधर्मश्ितो राजन् धर्मचर्यास्थितो5भवत् शिष्टाचीर्ण च धर्म च त्रिविधं चिन्त्य चेतसा

English

For one who wishes the farther shore in this line of the world, this thought has arisen in me: where is the raft made of dharma?

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 342.6

समुह्यमानानि निशम्य लॊके; निर्यात्यमानानि च सात्त्विकानि दृष्ट्वा च धर्मध्वजकेतुमालां; परकीर्यमानाम उपरि परजानाम

samuhyamānāni niśamya lòke; niryātyamānāni ca sāttvikāni dṛṣṭvā ca dharmadhvajaketumālāṃ; parakīryamānāma upari parajānāma

हिन्दी अर्थ

परम धर्मात्मा तथा एकाग्रचित्त ब्राह्मण अतिथिके रूपमें आ पहुँचा

English

Hearing of the world being swept along and sattvic things being given up, and seeing the garland of the banner of dharma scattered over creatures,

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 342.7

न मे मनॊ रज्यते भॊगकाले; दृष्ट्वा यतीन परार्थयतः परत्र तेनातिथे बुद्धिबलाश्रयेण; धर्मार्थतत्त्वे विनियुङ्क्ष्व मां तवम

na me manò rajyate bhògakāle; dṛṣṭvā yatīna parārthayataḥ paratra tenātithe buddhibalāśrayeṇa; dharmārthatattve viniyuṅkṣva māṃ tavama

हिन्दी अर्थ

विश्रान्तं सुसमासीनमिदं वचनमत्रवीत् जब वह सुखपूर्वक बैठकर विश्राम करने लगा, तब उससे इस प्रकार कहा

English

my mind does not delight at the time of enjoyment, seeing ascetics beseeching the beyond. Therefore, guest, by the strength of your understanding, engage me in the truth of dharma and wealth."

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 342.8

[भीस्म] सॊ ऽतिथिर वचनं तस्य शरुत्वा धर्माभिलासिनः परॊवाच वचनं शलक्ष्णं पराज्ञॊ मधुरया गिरा

[bhīsma] sò 'tithira vacanaṃ tasya śarutvā dharmābhilāsinaḥ paròvāca vacanaṃ śalakṣṇaṃ parājñò madhurayā girā

हिन्दी अर्थ

त्रिपठचाशदधिकत्रिशततमोध्याय:

English

[Bhishma said:] Hearing the words of the seeker of dharma, the guest, a wise one, spoke gentle words in a sweet voice:

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 342.9

अहम अप्य अत्र मुह्यामि ममाप्य एष मनॊरथः न च संनिश्चयं यामि बहु दवारे तरिविष्टपे

ahama apya atra muhyāmi mamāpya eṣa manòrathaḥ na ca saṃniścayaṃ yāmi bahu davāre tariviṣṭape

हिन्दी अर्थ

चाहता हूँ। ब्रह्म! बताइये, मेरे लिये कौन-सा मार्ग श्रेयस्कर होगा? तावदिच्छामि पाथेयमादातुं पारलौकिकम्

English

"I too am bewildered here; this is my wish too; and I come to no settled conclusion, for heaven has many doors.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 342.10

के चिन मॊक्षं परशंसन्ति के चिद यज्ञफलं दविजाः वान परस्थाश्रमं के चिद गार्हस्थ्यं के चिद आश्रिताः

ke cina mòkṣaṃ paraśaṃsanti ke cida yajñaphalaṃ davijāḥ vāna parasthāśramaṃ ke cida gārhasthyaṃ ke cida āśritāḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

पुरा शक्रस्य कथितां नारदेन महर्षिणा पर्येति क्रमशो लोकान् वायुरव्याहतो यथा

English

remain unaltered. What the monarch does is to call upon the Brahmana to share with the monarch the rewards that the monarch had won.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 342.11

राजधर्माश्रयं के चित के चिद आत्मफलाश्रयम गुरु चर्याश्रयं के चित के चिद वाक्यं यम आश्रयम

rājadharmāśrayaṃ ke cita ke cida ātmaphalāśrayama guru caryāśrayaṃ ke cita ke cida vākyaṃ yama āśrayama

हिन्दी अर्थ

सत्कृतश्च महेन्द्रेण प्रत्यासन्नगतो5भवत्

English

Some rely on the dharma of kings, some on the fruit of the self, some on service of the teacher, some on the word of restraint.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 342.12

मातरं पितरं के चिच छुश्रूसन्तॊ दिवं गताः अहिंसया परे सवर्गं सत्येन च तथा परे

mātaraṃ pitaraṃ ke cica chuśrūsantò divaṃ gatāḥ ahiṃsayā pare savargaṃ satyena ca tathā pare

हिन्दी अर्थ

महर्षे किंचिदाश्नर्यमस्ति दृष्टं त्वयानघ महर्षे! इधर आपने कोई आश्चर्यजनक घटना देखी है क्या?

English

Some have gone to heaven serving mother and father; others by non-violence, others by truth.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 342.13

आहवे ऽभिमुखाः के चिन निहताः सविद दिवं गताः के चिद उञ्छव्रतैः सिद्धाः सवर्गमार्गसमाश्रिताः

āhave 'bhimukhāḥ ke cina nihatāḥ savida divaṃ gatāḥ ke cida uñchavrataiḥ siddhāḥ savargamārgasamāśritāḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

जातकौतूहलो नित्यं सिद्धश्चरसि साक्षिवत्

English

Some, facing the enemy in battle, were slain and went to heaven; some became perfected by gleaning vows, resorting to the path of heaven.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 342.14

के चिद अध्ययने युक्ता वेद वरतपराः शुभाः बुद्धिमन्तॊ गताः सवर्गं तुष्टात्मानॊ जितेन्द्रियाः

ke cida adhyayane yuktā veda varataparāḥ śubhāḥ buddhimantò gatāḥ savargaṃ tuṣṭātmānò jitendriyāḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

सदा साक्षीकी भाँति विचरते रहते हैं श्रुतं वाप्यनुभूतं वा दृष्ट वा कथयस्व मे

English

Some, devoted to study, intent on the Vedic vows, good, wise, content in self and masters of their senses, went to heaven.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 342.15

आर्जवेनापरे युक्ता निहतानार्जवैर जनैः ऋजवॊ नाकपृष्ठे वै शुद्धात्मानः परतिष्ठिताः

ārjavenāpare yuktā nihatānārjavaira janaiḥ ṛjavò nākapṛṣṭhe vai śuddhātmānaḥ paratiṣṭhitāḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

अद्भुत बात देखी हो, सुनी हो अथवा अनुभव की हो तो वह मुझे बताइये'

English

Others joined with honesty, slain by dishonest men, the honest, pure of soul, are established in the vault of heaven.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 342.16

एवं बहुविधैर लॊके धर्मद्वारैर अनावृतैः ममापि मतिर आविग्ना मेघलेखेव वायुना

evaṃ bahuvidhaira lòke dharmadvāraira anāvṛtaiḥ mamāpi matira āvignā meghalekheva vāyunā

हिन्दी अर्थ

सुरेन्द्रको एक विस्तृत कथा सुनायी द्विपज्चाशदधिकत्रिशततमोध्याय:

English

Thus, with the many kinds of doors of dharma open in the world, my mind too is troubled, like a line of cloud by the wind."

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 343.1

[अतिथि] उपदेशं तु ते विप्र करिष्ये ऽहं यथागमम पुरुणा मे यथाख्यातम अर्थतस तच च मे शृणु

[atithi] upadeśaṃ tu te vipra kariṣye 'haṃ yathāgamama puruṇā me yathākhyātama arthatasa taca ca me śṛṇu

हिन्दी अर्थ

उत्पन्ना मे मतिरियं कुतो धर्ममय: प्लव:

English

" Yudhishthira said, 'What are the fruits of the yoga represented by Knowledge, of all the Vedas, and of the (various) observances and vows? How also may the creature-soul be known? Tell us, this, O

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 343.2

यत्र पूर्वाभिसर्गेण धर्मचक्रं परवर्तितम नैमिषे गॊमतीतीरे तत्र नागाह्वयं पुरम

yatra pūrvābhisargeṇa dharmacakraṃ paravartitama naimiṣe gòmatītīre tatra nāgāhvayaṃ purama

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रोवाच वचन “लक्षण प्राज्ञो मधुरया गिरा वाणीमें यह उत्तम वचन कहा

English

"Manu said, 'That which is agreeable to one is said to constitute one's happiness. Similarly, that which is disagreeable to one is said to constitute one's misery.— By this I shall obtain happiness and keep off misery—from a sentiment like this flow all religious acts. The efforts for the acquisition of Knowledge, however, arise from a sentiment for avoiding both happiness and misery, l The ordinances about sacrifices and other observances, that occur in the Vedas, are all connected with desire. He, however, who liberates himself from desire, succeeds in attaining to Brahma. That man who, from desire of winning happiness, walks in the path of acts which are of diverse kinds, has to go to hell.'

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 343.3

समग्रैस तरिदशैस तत्र इष्टम आसीद दविजर्षभ यत्रेन्द्रातिक्रमं चक्रे मान्धाता राजसत्तमः

samagraisa taridaśaisa tatra iṣṭama āsīda davijarṣabha yatrendrātikramaṃ cakre māndhātā rājasattamaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

वानप्रस्थाश्रया: केचिद् गार्हस्थ्यं केचिदास्थिता:

English

"Vrihaspati said, 'Men's aspirations are concerned with the acquisition of the agreeable which ends in

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 343.4

कृताधिवासॊ धर्मात्मा तत्र चक्षुः शरवा महा पद्मनाभॊ महाभागः पद्म इत्य एव विश्रुतः

kṛtādhivāsò dharmātmā tatra cakṣuḥ śaravā mahā padmanābhò mahābhāgaḥ padma itya eva viśrutaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

लेते हैं तो कोई गार्हस्थ्य-धर्मका गुरुधर्माश्रयं केचित्केचिद् वाक्संयमाश्रयम्

English

"Having made his dwelling there, the righteous-souled one, the great Padmanabha, called the Eye-Hearer, is famed simply as Padma.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 343.5

स वाचा कर्मणा चैव मनसा च दविजर्षभ परसादयति भूतानि तरिविधे वर्त्मनि सथितः

sa vācā karmaṇā caiva manasā ca davijarṣabha parasādayati bhūtāni tarividhe vartmani sathitaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

अहिंसया परे स्वर्ग सत्येन च तथा परे

English

By speech, deed and mind, bull among the twice-born, he pleases beings, standing in the threefold path.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 343.6

साम्ना दानेन भेदेन दन्देनेति चतुर्विधम विषमस्थं जनं सवं च चक्षुर धयानेन रक्षति

sāmnā dānena bhedena dandeneti caturvidhama viṣamasthaṃ janaṃ savaṃ ca cakṣura dhayānena rakṣati

हिन्दी अर्थ

सत्यसे ही स्वर्गलोकके भागी हुए हैं केचिदुउ्छव्रतै: सिद्धा: स्वर्गमार्ग समाश्रिता:

English

By conciliation, gift, division and punishment, fourfold, he protects people in difficulty and his own with the eye of meditation.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 343.7

तम अभिक्रम्य विधिना परस्तुम अर्हसि कान्स्कितम स ते परमकं धर्मन मिथ्या दर्शयिष्यति

tama abhikramya vidhinā parastuma arhasi kānskitama sa te paramakaṃ dharmana mithyā darśayiṣyati

हिन्दी अर्थ

हैं। कितने ही मनुष्य उज्छवृत्तिके द्वारा सिद्धि प्राप्त करके स्वर्गगामी हुए हैं

English

Approaching him by rule, you ought to ask what you wish; he will show you the highest dharma truly.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 343.8

स हि सर्वातिथिर नागॊ बुद्धिशास्त्रविशारदः गुणैर अनवमैर युक्तः समस्तैर आभिकामिकैः

sa hi sarvātithira nāgò buddhiśāstraviśāradaḥ guṇaira anavamaira yuktaḥ samastaira ābhikāmikaiḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

करते हुए शुभसम्पन्न हो स्वर्गलोकमें स्थान प्राप्त कर चुके हैं ऋणजतवो नाकपूृष्ठे वै शुद्धात्मान: प्रतिष्ठिता:

English

He is the host of all, the naga, skilled in understanding and the scriptures, joined with all unfailing qualities that please.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 343.9

परकृत्या नित्यसलिलॊ नित्यम अध्ययने रतः तपॊ दमाभ्यां संयुक्तॊ वृत्तेनानवरेण च

parakṛtyā nityasalilò nityama adhyayane rataḥ tapò damābhyāṃ saṃyuktò vṛttenānavareṇa ca

हिन्दी अर्थ

ममापि मतिराविग्ना मेघलेखेव वायुना

English

By nature always full of water, always devoted to study, joined with austerity and self-control, and with conduct that is not less."

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 343.10

यज्वा दानरुचिः कषान्तॊ वृत्ते च परमे सथितः सत्यवाग अनसूयुश च शीलवान अभिसंश्रितः

yajvā dānaruciḥ kaṣāntò vṛtte ca parame sathitaḥ satyavāga anasūyuśa ca śīlavāna abhisaṃśritaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

है कि मुझे धर्ममयी नौका कहाँसे प्राप्त होगी? प्रकीर्यमाणामुपरि प्रजानाम्

English

"Bhishma said, 'In this connection is cited the old narrative of the discourse between that lord of creatures, viz., Manu, and the great Rishi, Vrihaspati. In days of old, the foremost of celestial Rishis, viz., Vrihaspati, who was a disciple of Manu, bowed to his preceptor and addressing that lord and first of all creatures, said, 'What is the cause (of the universe)? Whence have the ordinances (about sacrifices and other pious observances) flowed? What are those fruits which the learned say are attached to Knowledge? Tell me also truly, O illustrious one, what is that which the very, Vedas have not been able to reveal? What are those fruits which are adored by eminent personages conversant with the science of Artha, with the Vedas, and with the Mantras, through sacrifices and plentiful gifts of kine? Whence do those fruits arise? Where are they to be found? Tell me also this old history, viz., whence have the earth, all earthly objects, wind, sky, aquatic creatures, water, heaven, and the denizens of heaven, all sprung? Man's inclinations tend towards that object about which he seeks knowledge. I have no knowledge of that Ancient and Supreme one. How shall I rescue myself from a false display of inclinations towards Him? l The Riks, all the Samanas, all the Yajuses, the Chhandas, Astronomy, Nirukta, Grammar, Sankalpa, and Siksha, I have studied. But I pave no knowledge of the nature of the great creatures (the five primal elements) that enter into the composition of everything. 2 Tell me all I have asked thee, by using only simple assertions and distinguishing

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 343.11

शेषान्न भॊक्ता वचनानुकूलॊ; हितार्जवॊत्कृष्ट कृताकृतज्ञः अवैरकृद भूतहिते नियुक्तॊ; गङ्गाह्रदाम्भॊ ऽभिजनॊपपन्नः

śeṣānna bhòktā vacanānukūlò; hitārjavòtkṛṣṭa kṛtākṛtajñaḥ avairakṛda bhūtahite niyuktò; gaṅgāhradāmbhò 'bhijanòpapannaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

धर्मेण धर्मे विनियुद्धक्ष्व मां त्वम्

English

adjectives or attributes. Tell me what the fruits are of Knowledge and what those fruits that are attached to sacrifices and other religious rites. Explain to me how also an embodied being departs from his body and how he attains to another body.'

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 344.1

[बराह्मण] अतिभारॊद्यतस्यैव भारापनयनं महत पराश्वास करं वाक्यम इदं मे भवतः शरुतम

[barāhmaṇa] atibhāròdyatasyaiva bhārāpanayanaṃ mahata parāśvāsa karaṃ vākyama idaṃ me bhavataḥ śarutama

हिन्दी अर्थ

उसी प्रकार उद्विग्न एवं चंचल हो उठी है, जैसे वायुसे मेघोंकी घटा चतुःपञ्चाशदधिकत्रिशततमोध्याय:

English

happiness, and the avoidance of the disagreeable which brings misery. Such acquisition and such avoidance again are accomplished by acts.'

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 344.2

अध्वक्लान्तस्य शयनं सथानक्लान्तस्य चासनम तृषितस्य च पानीयं कषुधार्तस्य च भॊजनम

adhvaklāntasya śayanaṃ sathānaklāntasya cāsanama tṛṣitasya ca pānīyaṃ kaṣudhārtasya ca bhòjanama

हिन्दी अर्थ

नैमिषे गोमतीतीरे तत्र नागाह्नयं पुरम् यत्रेन्द्रातिक्रमं चक्रे मान्धाता राजसत्तम:

English

becomes endued with Knowledge, succeeds in beholding all evils that are worthy of avoidance, l Snakes, sharp-pointed kusa blades, and pits, men avoid when they perceive them lie on their way. If some tread upon or fall into them, they do so through ignorance. Behold the superiority of the fruits of knowledge (over those of ignorance). Mantras applied duly, sacrifices, the presents called Dakshina, gift of food, and concentration of the mind (for divine contemplation),— these are the five acts that are said to be productive of fruits, there being none else. Acts have (the three) attributes (of Sattwa, Rajas, and Tamas) for their soul. The Vedas say this. (The Vedas consist of Mantras). The Mantras, therefore, have the same three attributes, since it is with Mantras that acts are to be accomplished. The ritual also must be liable to the same three attributes. The fruits of action depend upon the mind. It is the embodied creature that enjoys those fruits. 2 All excellent kinds of sound, form, taste, touch, and scent, are the fruits of acts, being attainable in the region of acts (i.e., heaven). As regards, however, the fruits of knowledge, man acquires them even here before death. 3 Whatever acts are accomplished by means of the body, one enjoys the fruits thereof in a state of physical existence. The body is, indeed, the framework to which happiness inheres, as also the framework to which misery inheres. 4 Whatever acts are accomplished by means of words, their fruits are to be enjoyed in a state in which words can be spoken. Similarly, whatever acts are accomplished by the mind, their fruits are enjoyed in a state in which one is not freed from the mind. 5 Devoted to the fruits of acts, whatever kind of acts (Sattwika or

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 344.3

ईप्सितस्येव संप्राप्तिर अन्नस्य समये ऽतिथेः एषितस्यात्मनः काले वृद्धस्येव सुतॊ यथा

īpsitasyeva saṃprāptira annasya samaye 'titheḥ eṣitasyātmanaḥ kāle vṛddhasyeva sutò yathā

हिन्दी अर्थ

परंतु पद्म नामसे ही उसकी प्रसिद्धि है

English

Rajasika or Tamasika) a person covetous of fruits accomplishes, the fruits, good or bad, that he actually enjoys partake of their character. Like fishes going against a current of water, the acts of a past life come to the actor. The embodied creature experiences happiness for his good acts, and misery for his evil ones. Him from whom this universe hath sprung. Him by knowing whom persons of cleansed souls transgress this world, Him who has not been expressed by Vedic mantras and words. I

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 344.4

मनसा चिन्तितस्येव परीतिस्निग्धस्य दर्शनम परह्लादयति मां वाक्यं भवता यद उदीरितम

manasā cintitasyeva parītisnigdhasya darśanama parahlādayati māṃ vākyaṃ bhavatā yada udīritama

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रसादयति भूतानि त्रिविधे वर्त्मनि स्थित: मार्गोका आश्रय लेकर रहता और सम्पूर्ण भूतोंको प्रसन्न रखता है

English

"The sight of one cared for in the mind, tender with affection: your word delights me, what you have said.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 344.5

दत्तचक्षुर इवाकाशे पश्यामि विमृशामि च परज्ञान वचनाद यॊ ऽयम उपदेशॊ हि मे कृतः बाधम एवं करिष्यामि यथा मां भासते भवान

dattacakṣura ivākāśe paśyāmi vimṛśāmi ca parajñāna vacanāda yò 'yama upadeśò hi me kṛtaḥ bādhama evaṃ kariṣyāmi yathā māṃ bhāsate bhavāna

हिन्दी अर्थ

विषमस्थं समस्थं॑ च चक्षुध्यनिन रक्षति

English

As if given an eye in space, I see and consider; this instruction I have been given by your wise words I shall carry out fully, as you speak to me.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 344.6

इहेमां रजनीं साधॊ निवसस्व मया सह परभाते यास्यति भवान पर्याश्वस्तः सुखॊषितः असौ हि भगवान सूर्यॊ मन्दरश्मिर अवाङ मुखः

ihemāṃ rajanīṃ sādhò nivasasva mayā saha parabhāte yāsyati bhavāna paryāśvastaḥ sukhòṣitaḥ asau hi bhagavāna sūryò mandaraśmira avāṅa mukhaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

स ते परमकं धर्म न मिथ्या दर्शयिष्यति धर्मका दर्शन करायेगा; मिथ्या धर्मका उपदेश नहीं करेगा

English

Stay here tonight with me, good one; in the morning you will go, refreshed and having rested happily. For the blessed sun, of weak rays, faces downward."

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 344.7

[भीस्म] ततस तेन कृतातिथ्यः सॊ ऽतिथिः शत्रुसूदन उवास किल तां रात्रिं सह तेन दविजेन वै

[bhīsma] tatasa tena kṛtātithyaḥ sò 'tithiḥ śatrusūdana uvāsa kila tāṃ rātriṃ saha tena davijena vai

हिन्दी अर्थ

गुणैरनुपमैर्युक्त: समस्तैराभिकामिकै:

English

[Bhishma said:] Then, honoured as a guest by him, scourge of foes, that guest stayed that night with the twice-born.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 344.8

तत तच च धर्मसंयुक्तं तयॊः कथयतॊस तदा वयतीता सा निशा कृत्स्नासुखेन दिवसॊपमा

tata taca ca dharmasaṃyuktaṃ tayòḥ kathayatòsa tadā vayatītā sā niśā kṛtsnāsukhena divasòpamā

हिन्दी अर्थ

तपोदमाभ्यां संयुक्तो वृत्तेनानवरेण च सत्यवागनसूयुश्च शीलवान्नियतेन्द्रिय:

English

While they talked of various things joined with dharma, that whole night passed happily like a day.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 344.9

ततः परभातसमये सॊ ऽतिथिस तेन पूजितः बराह्मणेन यथाशक्त्या सवकार्यम अभिकाङ्क्षता

tataḥ parabhātasamaye sò 'tithisa tena pūjitaḥ barāhmaṇena yathāśaktyā savakāryama abhikāṅkṣatā

हिन्दी अर्थ

संलग्न, सत्यवादी, दोषदृष्टिसे रहित, शीलवान् और जितेन्द्रिय है

English

Then in the morning that guest, honoured by the brahmana as he could, set out wishing to do his own work.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 344.10

ततः स विप्रः कृतधर्मनिश्चयः; कृताभ्यनुज्ञः सवजनेन धर्मवित यथॊपदिष्टं भुजगेन्द्रसंश्रयं; जगाम काले सुकृतैक निश्चयः

tataḥ sa vipraḥ kṛtadharmaniścayaḥ; kṛtābhyanujñaḥ savajanena dharmavita yathòpadiṣṭaṃ bhujagendrasaṃśrayaṃ; jagāma kāle sukṛtaika niścayaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

उसीका मैं तुमको क्रमश: उपदेश करूँगा। तुम मेरे इस कथनको सुनो

English

"Manu said, 'It is by liberating oneself from acts that one succeeds in entering into Brahma. The ordinances about acts have flowed for that very end. 4 The ordinances about acts tempts only those whose hearts are not free from desire. By liberating oneself from acts (as already said) one acquires the highest state. One desirous of felicity (Emancipation), betaking oneself to religious rites, becomes purified (from attachments) by acts having for their object the purification of the soul, and at last wins great splendour. By liberating oneself from acts, one acquires the highest end, viz., Brahma, which is very much above the reward that acts give. Creatures have all been created by Mind and Act. These again are the two best paths adored by all. Outward acts produce fruits that are transitory as also eternal. For acquiring the latter there is no other means than abandonment of fruits by the mind. 5 As the eye, when night passes away and the veil of darkness is removed from it, leads its possessor by its own power, so the Understanding, when it

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 345.1

[भीस्म] स वनानि विचित्राणि तीर्थानि च सरांसि च अभिगच्छन करमेण सम कं चिन मुनिम उपस्थितः

[bhīsma] sa vanāni vicitrāṇi tīrthāni ca sarāṃsi ca abhigacchana karameṇa sama kaṃ cina munima upasthitaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

पञ्चपञ्चाशदधिकत्रिशततमोध्याय: पराश्चासकरं वाक्यमिदं मे भवतः श्रुतम्

English

will now indicate. Listen to me as I speak of that highest of the high. Himself liberated from the several kinds of taste and scent, and sound and touch and form. He is incapable of being grasped by the senses, unmanifest, without colour, the One, and He has created the five kinds of objects l for His creatures. He is neither female, nor male, nor of the neuter sex. He is neither existent, nor non-existent, nor existent- nonexistent. 2 Only those that are acquainted with Brahma behold Him. He knoweth no direction.'"

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 345.2

तं स तेन यथॊद्दिष्टं नागं विप्रेण बराह्मणः पर्यपृच्छद यथान्यायं शरुत्वैव च जगाम सः

taṃ sa tena yathòddiṣṭaṃ nāgaṃ vipreṇa barāhmaṇaḥ paryapṛcchada yathānyāyaṃ śarutvaiva ca jagāma saḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

इमां हि रजनीं साधो निवसस्व मया सह

English

abandon them for obtaining the higher end. Acts, therefore, have their use, and help one, though mediately, in the acquisition of Brahma.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 345.3

सॊ ऽभिगम्य यथाख्यातं नागायतनम अर्थवित परॊक्तवान अहम अस्मीति भॊः शब्दालंकृतं वचः

sò 'bhigamya yathākhyātaṃ nāgāyatanama arthavita paròktavāna ahama asmīti bhòḥ śabdālaṃkṛtaṃ vacaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

असौ हि भगवान् सूर्यो मन्दरश्मिरवाड्मुख: उवास किल तां रात्रिं सह तेन द्विजेन वै

English

ante. Both are good paths, for by both, good end maybe attained, viz., the highest, by drilling the mind, as also (mediately) by acts (as explained in verse 14 above). The fruits of actions must be mentally abandoned if the highest end is to be attained; i.e., acts may be gone through, but their fruits should never be coveted.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 345.4

ततस तस्य वचः शरुत्वा रूपिणी धर्मवत्सला दर्शयाम आस तं विप्रं नागपत्नी पतिव्रता

tatasa tasya vacaḥ śarutvā rūpiṇī dharmavatsalā darśayāma āsa taṃ vipraṃ nāgapatnī pativratā

हिन्दी अर्थ

करके रातभर वहीं उस ब्राह्मणके साथ रहा

English

praneta nayako, etc. A better construction would be yatha chaksha pranetah ibhavati) etc.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 345.5

सा तस्मै विधिवत पूजां चक्रे धर्मपरायना सवागतेनागतं कृत्वा किं करॊमीति चाब्रवीत

sā tasmai vidhivata pūjāṃ cakre dharmaparāyanā savāgatenāgataṃ kṛtvā kiṃ karòmīti cābravīta

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्राह्मणेन यथाशक्‍त्या स्वकार्यमभिकाड्क्षता जगाम काले सुकृतैकनिश्चय:

English

She, devoted to dharma, duly paid him honour, welcomed him with a greeting and said, "What shall I do?"

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 345.6

[बराह्मन] विश्रान्तॊ ऽभयर्चितश चास्मि भवत्या शलक्ष्णया गिरा दरष्टुम इच्छामि भवति तं देवं नागम उत्तमम

[barāhmana] viśrāntò 'bhayarcitaśa cāsmi bhavatyā śalakṣṇayā girā daraṣṭuma icchāmi bhavati taṃ devaṃ nāgama uttamama

हिन्दी अर्थ

दिया। उसने अपने शुभ कार्यको सिद्ध करनेका एक दृढ़ निश्चय कर लिया था

English

[The brahmana said:] "I am rested and honoured by you with your gentle speech; I wish to see, lady, that god, the best of nagas.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 345.7

एतद धि परमं कार्यम एतन मे फलम ईप्सितम अनेनार्थेन चास्म्य अद्य संप्राप्तः पन्नगालयम

etada dhi paramaṃ kāryama etana me phalama īpsitama anenārthena cāsmya adya saṃprāptaḥ pannagālayama

हिन्दी अर्थ

षट्पञज्चाशदधिकत्रिशततमोध्याय: अभिगच्छन् क्रमेण सम कंचिन्मुनिमुपस्थित:

English

This is my highest task and the fruit I wish; for this purpose I have come today to the abode of serpents."

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 345.8

[नागभार्या] आर्य सूर्यरथं वॊढुं गतॊ ऽसौ मासचारिकः सप्तास्तभिर दिनैर विप्र दर्शयिष्यत्य असंशयम

[nāgabhāryā] ārya sūryarathaṃ vòḍhuṃ gatò 'sau māsacārikaḥ saptāstabhira dinaira vipra darśayiṣyatya asaṃśayama

हिन्दी अर्थ

सरोवरोंको लाँघता हुआ किसी मुनिके आश्रमपर उपस्थित हुआ

English

[The naga's wife said:] "Noble one, he has gone to draw the sun's chariot, for his monthly turn; in seven or eight days, Brahmana, he will surely show himself.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 345.9

एतद विदितम आर्यस्य विवास करणं मम भर्तुर भवतु किं चान्यत करियतां तद वदस्व मे

etada viditama āryasya vivāsa karaṇaṃ mama bhartura bhavatu kiṃ cānyata kariyatāṃ tada vadasva me

हिन्दी अर्थ

पर्यपृच्छद् यथान्यायं श्रुत्वैव च जगाम स: बताया, उसे यथावत््रूपसे सुनकर वह पुनः आगे बढ़ा

English

This absence of my husband is known to you, noble one; let it be so; what else is to be done, tell me."

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 345.10

[बराह्मन] अनेन निश्चयेनाहं साध्वि संप्राप्तवान इह परतीक्षन्न आगमं देवि वत्स्याम्य अस्मिन महावने

[barāhmana] anena niścayenāhaṃ sādhvi saṃprāptavāna iha paratīkṣanna āgamaṃ devi vatsyāmya asmina mahāvane

हिन्दी अर्थ

तृषितस्य च पानीयं क्षुधार्तस्थ च भोजनम्

English

behaviour. How shall I be rescued from such falsehood? This is what Vrihaspati says.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 345.11

संप्राप्तस्यैव चाव्यग्रम आवेद्यॊ ऽहम इहागतः ममाभिगमनं पराप्तॊ वाच्यश च वचनं तवया

saṃprāptasyaiva cāvyagrama āvedyò 'hama ihāgataḥ mamābhigamanaṃ parāptò vācyaśa ca vacanaṃ tavayā

हिन्दी अर्थ

संतोष होता है, उतनी ही प्रसन्नता मुझे आपकी यह बात सुनकर हुई है एषितस्यात्मन: काले वृद्धस्यैव सुतो यथा

English

forms an Anga of the Vedas. Nirukta furnishes rules for interpreting obscure passages of the Vedas, and also gives the meanings of technical or obscure words used therein. Kalpa is the description of religious rites. Siksha is the science of Pronunciation as applied to Vedic hymns and mantras.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 345.12

अहम अप्य अत्र वत्स्यामि गॊमत्याः पुलिने शुभे कालं परिमिताहारॊ यथॊक्तं परिपालयन

ahama apya atra vatsyāmi gòmatyāḥ puline śubhe kālaṃ parimitāhārò yathòktaṃ paripālayana

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रह्नमादयति मां वाक्यं भवता यदुदीरितम्

English

withdraw themselves from pious acts which lead to that happiness. They seek Knowledge as the best means for avoiding all that is transitory and changeful. They seek moksha or complete Emancipation which has been described in the previous sections.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 345.13

[भीस्म] ततः स विप्रस तां नागीं समाधाय पुनः पुनः तद एव पुलिनं नद्याः परययौ बराह्मणर्षभः

[bhīsma] tataḥ sa viprasa tāṃ nāgīṃ samādhāya punaḥ punaḥ tada eva pulinaṃ nadyāḥ parayayau barāhmaṇarṣabhaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रज्ञानवचनाद्यो5यमुपदेशो हि मे कृत: सुनकर मैं आकाशकी ओर देखता और कर्तव्यका विचार करता हूँ

English

'sacrifices and other religious observances.' The intention of Vrihaspati is to enforce the Propriety of acts, for without acts, the ends of life cannot, he maintains, be secured.

स्रोत: bhavykhatri/DharmicData · प्राप्त 1/6/2026

शास्त्रीय प्रामाणिकता एवं पारदर्शकताSources & Interpretation

स्रोत, संस्करण एवं व्याख्या वर्गीकरण

धर्म ग्रंथ पर मूल शास्त्र, पारंपरिक भाष्य और आधुनिक व्याख्या को पूर्णतः पृथक रखा जाता है ताकि पाठक को किसी भी व्याख्या के शास्त्र होने का भ्रम न हो।

सामग्री वर्गीकरण संकेत (Epistemic Content Labels)

6 स्तरिय प्रमाण व्यवस्था
मूल पाठOriginal text

अपौरुषेय / प्रामाणिक शास्त्र (Primary Canonical Scripture)

मूल संस्कृत, प्राकृत अथवा अवधी श्लोक/मंत्र। यह सर्वोच्च प्रमाण (प्रस्थान) है। इस पाठ में किसी भी आधुनिक व्याख्याकार का हस्तक्षेप नहीं है।

शाब्दिक अनुवादLiteral translation

पदार्थ व अन्वय (Direct Grammatical & Word-for-Word Meaning)

व्याकरणसम्मत प्रत्यक्ष शब्दार्थ (अन्वय)। बिना किसी दार्शनिक संप्रदाय के पूर्वाग्रह के, संस्कृत शब्दों का सटीक भाषांतर।

पारंपरिक भाष्यTraditional commentary

आचार्य परंपरा व टीका (Classical Lineage Commentary)

प्राचीन आचार्य परंपरा (यथा शंकराचार्य, रामानुजाचार्य, मध्वाचार्य, श्रीधर स्वामी) द्वारा विरचित शास्त्रीय भाष्य व टीकाएं।

सरल व्याख्याSimple explanation

भावार्थ व सुबोध प्रबोधन (Accessible Pedagogical Exposition)

आधुनिक जिज्ञासुओं के लिए सरल भाषा में भावार्थ। यह मूल मंत्र नहीं, बल्कि पाठ को सुगम बनाने हेतु संपादकीय व्याख्या है।

आधुनिक चिंतनModern reflection

समसामयिक विमर्श व अनुप्रयोग (Contemporary Application & Analysis)

दार्शनिक, मनोवैज्ञानिक व वैज्ञानिक समरूपताओं पर आधुनिक चिंतन। यह मूल शास्त्र का अंग नहीं है और इसे शास्त्रोक्त सिद्धांत के रूप में नहीं देखा जाना चाहिए।

शोध टिप्पणीResearch note

पांडुलिपि एवं ऐतिहासिक शोध (Critical Apparatus & Manuscript Research)

पांडुलिपि विविधताएं, पाठ-भेद (variant readings), छंद रचना, और ऐतिहासिक व तुलनात्मक भाषावैज्ञानिक शोध। यह शास्त्र का मूल संदेश बदलने हेतु नहीं, बल्कि पाठ की प्रामाणिकता परखने के लिए है।