Shanti Parva

हिन्दी अर्थ

परीक्ष्य त्वं यथा स्यावो नावामिह विगर्हिती ददतश्न न गृह्नाति विकृतो मे महीपते

English

" Yudhishthira said, 'How, O king, may a kingdom be consolidated, and how should it be protected? I desire to know this. Tell me all this, O bull of Bharata's race!'

हिन्दी अर्थ

नियंस्यति त्वां नृपतिरयं धर्मानुशासक:

English

[Yudhishthira said:] "The truth of the world in full, the coming and going of beings, creation and death: whence does all this proceed?

हिन्दी अर्थ

कालो धर्मस्तथा मृत्यु: कामक्रोधौ तथा युवाम् गच्छ लोकान् जितान् स्वेन कर्मणा यत्र वाउछसि

English

If you wish to favour us here, best of the good, I ask you this; you should tell it to me.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सुनाया। अब तुम और क्या सुनना चाहते हो?

English

Having heard the excellent teaching told by Bhrigu to the brahmana sage Bharadvaja, my understanding became excellent,

हिन्दी अर्थ

अवाद्यन्तान्तरिक्षे च भेर्यस्तूर्याणि वा विभो ननृतुश्नाप्सर: संघास्तत्र तत्र समन्‍्ततः

English

most righteous, set in a divine arrangement; I ask further; you should tell it."

हिन्दी अर्थ

तावप्येतेन विधिना गच्छेतां मत्सलोकताम्

English

[Bhishma said:] "Here I shall relate to you an ancient tale, what the blessed Vyasa sang to his son who asked.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्तदुच्यतां मे भगवन् पुराणम् जिससे उत्पन्न होते हैं, वह पुरातन वस्तु क्या है? यह मुझे बताइये

English

Having studied all the Vedas with their limbs and Upanishads, and seeking final action from seeing skill in dharma,

हिन्दी अर्थ

मनस्त्याग: कारणं नान्यदस्ति

English

Shuka, son of Vyasa, asked Krishna Dvaipayana Vyasa about this doubt, with his doubts about dharma and wealth cut:

हिन्दी अर्थ

और उनके द्वारा परब्रह्मकी प्राप्ति करानेमें कारण है, दूसरा कुछ नहीं कर्माशुभं पश्यति वर्जनीयम्

English

"The maker of the host of beings, the settled knowledge of Time, and what a brahmana's duty is: you should tell me."

हिन्दी अर्थ

बोलता है। इसकी बातमें सत्यका आभासमात्र है

English

"Bhishma said, 'Listen to me with concentrated attention. I shall tell thee how a kingdom may be consolidated, and how also it may be protected. A headman should be selected for each village. Over ten villages (or ten headmen) there should be cone superintendent. Over two such superintendents there should be one officer (having the control, therefore, of twenty villages). Above the latter should be appointed persons under each of whom should be a century of villages; and above the last kind of officers, should be appointed men each of whom should have a thousand villages under his control. The headman should ascertain the characteristics of every person in the village and all the faults also that need correction. He should report everything to the officer (who is above him and is) in charge of ten villages. The latter, again, should report the same to the officer (who is above him and is) in charge of twenty villages. The latter, in his turn, should report the conduct of all the

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्रुत्वा तथा करिष्येडहमिति मे धीयते मन: विकृतस्यास्य राजर्षे निखिलेन नराधिप

English

persons within his dominion to the officer (who is above him and is) in charge of a hundred villages. The village headman should have control over all the produce and the possessions of the village. Every headman should contribute his share for maintaining the lord of ten villages, and the latter should do the same for supporting the lord of twenty villages. The lord of a hundred villages should receive every honour from the king and should have for his support a large village, O chief of the Bharatas, populous and teeming with wealth. Such a village, so assigned to a lord of hundred villages, should be, however, within the control of the lord of a thousand villages. That high officer, again, viz., the lord of a thousand villages, should have a minor town for his support. He should enjoy the grain and gold and other possessions derivable from it. He should perform all the duties of its wars and other internal affairs pertaining to it. Some virtuous minister, with wrathfulness should exercise supervision over the administration affairs and mutual relations of those officers. In every town, again, there should be an officer for attending to every matter relating to his jurisdiction. Like some planet of dreadful form moving above all the asterisms below, the officer (with plenary powers) mentioned last should move and act above all the officers subordinate to him. Such an officer should ascertain the conduct of those under him through his spies. Such high officers should protect the people from all persons of murderous disposition, all men of wicked deeds, all who rob other people of their wealth, and all who are full of deceit, and all of whom are regarded to be possessed by the devil. Taking note of the sales and the purchases, the state of the roads, the food and dress, and the stocks and profits of those that are engaged in trade, the king should levy taxes on them. Ascertaining on all occasions the extent of the manufactures, the receipts and expenses of those that are engaged in them, and the state of the arts, the king should levy taxes upon the artisans in respect of the arts they follow. The king, O Yudhishthira,

हिन्दी अर्थ

ऋण जिस प्रकार मैं धारण करता हूँ, वह सब पूर्णरूपसे बता रहा हूँ

English

Fifteen winks make a kashtha; thirty kashthas one reckons as a kala; thirty kalas make a muhurta, with a tenth part of a kala besides.

हिन्दी अर्थ

धेनुर्विप्राय राजर्षे तप:स्वाध्यायशीलिने विकृतेन च मे दत्तं विशुद्धेनान्तरात्मना

English

Thirty muhurtas make a day and a night, as the sages have counted; a month is thirty days and nights; the year is said to have twelve months; those who know numbers speak of two courses in the year, south and north.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गावौ च कपिले क्रीत्वा वत्सले बहुदोहने

English

The sun divides day and night in the human world; night is for beings' sleep and day for the activity of deeds.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यथाविधि यथाश्रद्धं तदस्याहं पुन: प्रभो एवं स्यात् पुरुषव्यात्र कः शुद्ध: को5त्र दोषवान्

English

A month is a day and night of the ancestors, and the division of them is again: the dark half is day for action, the bright half is night for sleep.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कुरु धर्ममधर्म वा विनये नौ समादध

English

A year is a day and night of the gods, and their division again: the day is the northern course and the night the southern course.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हम दोनोंको विशिष्ट न्यायके मार्गपर लगा दें भवानत्र स्थिरो भूत्वा मार्गे स्थापयिताद्य नौ

English

The day and night of the gods which were told before: reckoning them, I shall tell the sum of years at Brahma's day and night.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तो आप स्वयं सुस्थिर होकर हम दोनोंको धर्मके मार्गपर स्थापित कर दें

English

I shall tell their sums of years in order: in the Krita, Treta, Dvapara and Kali.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दण्ड्यो हि त्वं मम मतो नास्त्यत्र खलु संशय: काममत्रापराधो मे दण्डमाज्ञापय प्रभो

English

They say four thousand years is the Krita age; its dawn is as many hundreds, and its twilight likewise.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गृह्नीयां गच्छतु भवानभ्यनुज्ञां ददानि ते प्रतिज्ञातं मया यत्ते तद् गृुहाणाविचारितम्

English

In the other three with their dawns and twilights, thousands and hundreds are reduced by one each.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जापकस्य दृढीकार: कथमेतद् भविष्यति

English

These hold the eternal worlds; this, dear, is known as the eternal Brahman by the knowers of Brahman.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कथं न लिप्येयमहं पापेन महताद्य वै नेदानीं मामिहासाद्य राजधर्मो भवेन्मृषा

English

In the Krita age dharma is fourfold and whole, and truth; no one gains by adharma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जाना। मुझे भय है कि राजधर्म मिथ्या अथवा कलंकित न हो जाय

English

In the others, dharma is reduced a quarter at a time by tradition, and adharma grows by theft, falsehood and deceit.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न चेद् ग्रहीष्यसे राजन् शपिष्ये त्वां न संशय: नहीं लेंगे तो निस्संदेह मैं आपको शाप दे दूँगा

English

Free of disease, with all aims accomplished, living four hundred years in the Krita, in the Treta and the rest their lifespan is reduced by a quarter each.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इत्यर्थ मे ग्रहीतव्यं कथं तुल्यं भवेदिति

English

We have heard that Vedic disputations decline with each age, as do lifespans and blessings and the fruit of the Veda.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यन्मे धारयसे विप्र तदिदानीं प्रदीयताम् तत् सर्व प्रतिगृह्लीष्व यदि किज्चिदिहास्ति मे

English

The dharmas of the Krita are one, of the Treta another, of the Dvapara another, and in the Kali they are as if done as far as possible.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हो, उसे ग्रहण करें

English

Austerity is supreme in the Krita, knowledge in the Treta, sacrifice they say in the Dvapara, and giving alone in the Kali.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सममस्तु सहैवास्तु प्रतिगृह्नातु वै भवान् इस उद्देश्यसे आप मेरा दिया हुआ दान भी ग्रहण करें

English

The wise know this as twelve thousand called an age; a thousand turns of it is called a day of Brahma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सहेति च यदुक्तं ते समा लोकास्तवास्य च

English

Night is as many; at its beginning the lord of the universe, at dissolution, entering the self, sleeps and at the end awakes.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रकार सम्भव हुआ? ये बातें बतायी जायँगी

English

They know the day of Brahma as lasting a thousand ages, and the night as ending after a thousand ages; so say those who know day and night.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अथवाग्निं समायाति सूर्यमाविशतेडपि वा समा जाता है अथवा सूर्यमें प्रवेश कर जाता है

English

Awakened, at the end of the night, the imperishable Brahma acts; he creates the great being, and from that the mind of manifest nature.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गुणांस्तेषां समाधत्ते रागेण प्रतिमोहितः

English

His semen is made of Brahma's energy, from which all this world; of the one being, being is twofold, moving and unmoving.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उनके गुणोंको अपने भीतर धारण कर लेता है सरागस्तत्र वसति गुणांस्तेषां समाचरन्

English

Awakened at the beginning of day, he creates the world by knowledge; first of all the great being, swiftly, the mind of manifest nature."

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमव्ययमिच्छन् स तमेवाविशते पुन:

English

Overcoming here the luminous, he created the seven mental ones: the far-going, many-faring, prayerful, doubting mind.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रवेश कर जाता है ब्रह्मभूत: स निर्दन्दः सुखी शान्तो निरामय:

English

The mind, urged by the wish to create, transforms creation; from it space arises, whose quality is held to be sound.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शान्तिपरायण तथा रोग-शोकसे रहित ब्रह्मस्वरूप हो जाता है

English

From space as it transforms arises the pure, mighty wind that carries all scents; its quality is held to be touch.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आश्रय है, उसे ही वह जापक प्राप्त होता है है, उसे तुरंत प्राप्त कर लेता है

English

From wind as it transforms arises the element of light that dispels darkness, shining; its quality is called form.

हिन्दी अर्थ

निस्पृह: सर्वतो मुक्तस्तत्र वै रमते सुखम्

English

From light as it transforms come the waters, made of taste; from the waters earth, whose quality is smell; this is called the first creation.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एवं मुक्त होकर उसी निर्गुण ब्रह्ममें सुखपूर्वक रमण करता है एतत् ते सर्वमाख्यातं कि भूय: श्रोतुमिच्छसि

English

The qualities of each earlier pass to the later; as far as a thing reaches, so far it is held to have those qualities.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्राह्मणो वाथवा राजा तन्‍मे ब्रूहि पितामह राजा इक्ष्वाकु उन दोनोंने उसे क्या उत्तर दिया, यह मुझे बताइये

English

If some, through lack of skill, say that smell is found in water, they should know that it belongs to earth alone, and that water relies on wind.

हिन्दी अर्थ

संवादो वा तयो: को5भूत् कि वा तौ तत्र चक्रतुः

English

These seven persons, each of different power, could not create beings separately without coming together on every side.

हिन्दी अर्थ

बातचीत हुई और उन्होंने क्या किया? यम॑ काल च मृत्युं च स्वर्ग सम्पूज्य चाहत:

English

Coming together, relying on each other, they entered the support of a body; therefore he is called Purusha.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्वान् सम्पूज्य शिरसा राजानं सोडब्रवीद् द्विज:

English

By dwelling in it the body is made, embodied and sixteenfold; the great elements enter it with action.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भवता चाभ्यनुज्ञातो जपेयं भूय एव ह लेकर मैं फिर जपमें लग जाऊँगा

English

Having taken all beings for the practice of austerity, the first doer, the great being, they call Prajapati.

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्रद्धा ते जपतो नित्यं भवत्विति विशाम्पते

English

He indeed creates beings; he is the supreme Person; the unborn Brahma begets gods, sages, ancestors and men,

हिन्दी अर्थ

गच्छ विप्र मया सार्थ जापकं फलमाप्रुहि सके, साथ-साथ चलें

English

worlds, rivers, oceans, directions, mountains, trees, kinnaras, rakshasas, birds, beasts, deer and serpents, the imperishable and the perishable, both moving and unmoving.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सह देवैरुपययौ लोकपालैस्तथैव च

English

Whatever deeds they took up in the earlier creation, those same they take up again and again as they are created.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नद्य: शैला: समुद्राश्च॒ तीर्थानि विविधानि च नारद: पर्वतश्चैव विश्वावसुर्हहाहुहू:

English

Harmful and harmless, gentle and cruel, dharma and adharma, truth and untruth: whatever the Creator thinks, that pleases him.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नागा: सिद्धाश्न मुनयो देवदेव: प्रजापति:

English

The diversity in the great elements, in the objects of the senses and in forms, and the arrangement of beings, the Creator alone ordains.

हिन्दी अर्थ

संसिद्धस्त्वं महाभाग त्वं च सिद्धस्तथा नूप

English

Some who know action call human effort the cause; some brahmins say fate; others, thinkers on beings, say nature.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विषयप्रतिसंहारमुभावेव प्रचक्रतु: एक ही साथ अपने मनको विषयोंकी ओरसे हटा लिया

English

Human action, fate and nature are the three that bring fruit; some say these three are not distinct, lacking discernment.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एवं तौ मनसि स्थाप्य दधतु: प्राणयोर्मन:

English

"This is so and is not so," "both," "neither": those who stand in action speak of what creates the world as uneven; those who stand in goodness see equally.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भ्रुकुट्या चैव मनसा शनैर्धारयतस्तदा जितात्मानौ तथा5धाय मूर्धन्यात्मानमेव च

English

Austerity is the highest good of a creature; its root is self-control and calm; by it he obtains all desires he wishes in his mind.

हिन्दी अर्थ

समय उन दोनोंके शरीर जड़की भाँति चेष्टाहीन हो गये

English

By austerity one obtains that which creates the world; becoming that, he is lord of all beings.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तज्ज्योति:ः स्तूयमान सम ब्रह्माणं प्राविशत् तदा जापकैस्तुल्यफलता योगानां नात्र संशय:

English

Sages by austerity studied the Vedas day and night, the speech without beginning or end, eternal, put forth by the Self-born.

हिन्दी अर्थ

करनेवालोंको भी प्राप्त होता है

English

The names of the sages, and the creations in the Vedas, those born at the ends of nights: he gives those same to them.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जापकानां विशिष्ट तु प्रत्युत्थानं समाहितम् अथाय्यं प्रविवेशास्य ब्राह्मणो विगतज्वर:

English

Difference of names, austerity, action, the names of sacrifices and the accomplishments of the world; but the accomplishment of the self is said in the Vedas by ten steps.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यथैव द्विजशार्दूलस्तथैव प्राविशत् तदा

English

What is said obscurely in the Vedic disputations is seen by the seers of the Veda; at the Vedanta ends it is shown clearly by the sequence of yoga.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जापकानां विशिष्ट तु प्रत्युत्थानं समाहितम् सर्वाल्लॉकानतिक्रम्य गच्छेतां यत्र वाज्छितम्

English

This distinction born of action is joined with the pairs for the separated; but one who knows the accomplishment of the self mostly gives up strength.

हिन्दी अर्थ

साधये गम्यतां चैव यथास्थानानि सिद्धये आमन्त्रय च ततो देवा ययु: स्वं स्वं निवेशनम्

English

Two Brahmans are to be known: the word-Brahman and the supreme; one skilled in the word-Brahman reaches the supreme Brahman.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उनकी आज्ञा पाकर अपने-अपने स्थानको चले गये

English

For kshatriyas the sacrifices of undertaking, for vaishyas offering sacrifices, for shudras service sacrifices, and for the twice-born austerity sacrifices.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पृष्ठतोनुययू राजन् सर्वे सुप्रीतचेतस: यथाश्रुतं महाराज कि भूय: श्रोतुमिच्छसि

English

The rule of these sacrifices is in the Treta, not in the Krita; in the Dvapara sacrifices go to ruin, and likewise in the Kali.

हिन्दी अर्थ

और गतिका वर्णन किया। अब तुम और क्‍या सुनना चाहते हो?

English

Mortals of undivided dharma, seeing the Rik, Saman and Yajus separately for desired prosperity, practise austerity by austerities alone.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भूतात्मा च कथं ज्ञेयस्तन्मे ब्रूहि पितामह सकता है? यह मुझे बताइये

English

In the Treta all those mighty ones appeared together, restrainers of the unmoving and moving everywhere.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मनो: प्रजापतेर्वाद महर्षेश्व बृहस्पते:

English

In the Treta these sacrifices and classes were united; in the Dvapara they are diminished by the restriction of life.

हिन्दी अर्थ

संवादरूप प्राचीन इतिहासका उदाहरण दिया जाता है पप्रच्छ शिष्यो5थ गुरुं प्रणम्य

English

The Vedas are seen and not seen in the Kali, all of them; sacrifices perish with them, and only the bridges of dharma remain.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तदुच्यतां मे भगवन् यथावत्

English

The dharma seen in the Krita age among brahmanas, established in the self-possessed, ascetic and learned,

हिन्दी अर्थ

वस्तुका मेरे लिये यथावद्रूपसे वर्णन कीजिये कि तत्कथं वा भविता क्व वा तत्

English

is, age after age, joined with vows of adharma; the Vedic disputations, standing in their own dharma, are altered age by age.

हिन्दी अर्थ

होता है और कहाँ उसकी स्थिति है?

English

As in the rains all beings are more numerous and are created in moving places, so the dharmas age after age.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मिथ्याप्रवृत्ति च कथं नु कुर्यामू

English

As in the seasons the marks of the seasons are seen in manifold forms in turn, those same, so Brahma in days and nights.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शिक्षां च भूतप्रकृतिं न वेझि महाभूतोंके उपादान कारणको न जान सका

English

The variety of time is ordained, without beginning or end, as told before; he gives birth to and devours the subjects.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ज्ज्ञाने फलं कर्मणि वा यदस्ति

English

He sets the place of origin, the restraint of beings, Yama; by nature they act, joined with many pairs.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कैसे प्रवेश करता है?--ये सारी बातें भी आप मुझे बताइये स्तदेव दु:खं प्रवदन्त्यनिष्टम्

English

Creation, time, action, the Vedas, the doer, the deed and the fruit of action: all this has been told you, son, that you asked me.

हिन्दी अर्थ

त्येतत्कृते ज्ञानविधि: प्रवृत्त:

English

I shall tell the withdrawal, at the beginning of the night, when the day is gone, how the lord makes this universe the subtlest self.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सुखकी इच्छा रखकर प्रवृत्त होनेवाला मनुष्य परमात्माको प्राप्त नहीं होता तथा कामनाओंसे रहित परब्रह्म परमात्माका साक्षात्कार कर लेता है

English

In the sky seven suns burn with flame; by those flames all this world is filled and blazes."

हिन्दी अर्थ

त्यागने योग्य अशुभ कर्मको देखती है

English

may take high taxes, but he should never levy such taxes as would emasculate his people. No tax should be levied without ascertaining the outturn and the amount of labour that has been necessary to produce it. Nobody would work or seek for outturns without sufficient cause. I The king should, after reflection, levy taxes in such a way that he and the person who labours to produce the article taxed may both share the value. The king should not, by his thirst, destroy his own foundations as also those of others. He should always avoid those acts in consequence of which he may become an object of hatred to his people. Indeed, by acting in this way he may succeed in winning popularity. The subjects hate that king who earns a notoriety for voraciousness of appetite (in the matter of taxes and imposts). Whence can a king who becomes an object of hatred have prosperity? Such a king can never acquire what is for his good. A king who is possessed of sound intelligence should milk his kingdom after the analogy of (men acting in the matter of) calves. If the calf be permitted to suck, it grows

हिन्दी अर्थ

पज्चप्रकारान् ससृजे प्रजानाम्

English

[Vyasa said:] "Then, when all the unmoving and moving have dissolved, the earth is seen without wood or grass, like a tortoise's back.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आदि पाँचों विषयोंकी सृष्टि की है जलात् प्रसूता जगती जगत्यां जायते जगत्

English

When the waters take also the quality of earth, smell, then the earth, its smell taken, becomes fit for dissolution.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मोक्ष च ते वै परमाप्नुवन्ति

English

Then the waters stand, wavy and loud-sounding, filling all this, and standing and moving.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमात्माको प्राप्त हो जाते हैं। उनका पुनः इस संसारमें जन्म नहीं होता न्न रूपवत्तत् परमस्वभावम्

English

When light takes the qualities of the waters, dear, then the waters, their qualities taken, cease, and the lights.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गृह्नन्त्यनध्यात्मविदो मनुष्या:

English

When the flaming rays hide the sun standing in the midst, the whole sky is filled with rays and blazes.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मनुष्य परमात्मतत्त्वका अनुभव नहीं कर सकते सतत: परं पश्यति स्वं स्वभावम्

English

When wind takes also the quality of light, form, then the light is quenched, and the great wind is shaken.

हिन्दी अर्थ

साक्षात्कार कर सकता है

English

Then the wind, reaching its own root of origin, blows below, above, across, in the ten directions.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यत् कारणं ते समुदायमाहु: स्वरूपभूत परब्रह्म परमात्मा है

English

When space swallows the quality of wind, touch, then the wind is stilled, and space stands soundless.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ज्ज्ञाने फलं पश्य यथा विशिष्टम् पज्चात्मकं कर्मफलं वदन्ति

English

strong, O Bharata, and bears heavy burthens. If, on the other hand, O Yudhishthira, the cow be milked too much, the calf becomes lean and fails to do much service to the owner. Similarly, if the kingdom be drained much, the subjects fail to achieve any act that is great. That king who protects his kingdom himself and shows favour to his subjects (in the matter of taxes and imposts) and supports himself upon what is easily obtained, succeeds in earning many grand results. Does not the king then obtain wealth sufficient for enabling him to cope with his wants? l The entire kingdom, in that case, becomes to him his treasury, while that which is his treasury becomes his bed chamber. If the inhabitants of the cities and the provinces be poor, the king should, whether they depend upon him immediately or mediately, show them compassion to the best of his power. Chastising all robbers that infest the outskirts, the king should protect the people of his villages and make them happy. The subjects, in the case, becoming sharers of the king's weal and woe, feel exceedingly gratified with him. Thinking, in the first instance, of collecting wealth, the king should repair to the chief centres of his kingdom one after another and endeavour to inspire his people with fright. He should say unto them, 'Here, calamity threatens us. A great danger has arisen in consequence of the acts of the foe. There is every reason, however, to hope that the danger will pass away, for the enemy, like a bamboo that has flowered, will very soon meet with destruction. Many foes of mine, having risen up and combined with a large number of robbers, desire to put our kingdom into difficulties, for meeting with destruction themselves. In view of this great calamity fraught with dreadful danger, I solicit your wealth for devising the means of your protection. When the danger passes away, I will give you what I now take. Our foes, however, will not give back what they (if unopposed) will take from you by force. On the other hand (if unopposed), they will even slay all your relatives beginning with your very spouses. You certainly desire wealth for the sake of your children and wives. I am glad at your prosperity, and I beseech you as I would my own children. I shall take from you what it may be within your power to give me. I do not wish to give pain to any one. In seasons of calamity, you should, like strong bulls, bear such burthens. In seasons of distress, wealth should not be so dear to you. A king conversant with the considerations relating to Time should, with such agreeable, sweet, and complimentary words, send his agents and collect imposts from his people. Pointing out to them the necessity of repairing his fortifications and of defraying the expenses of his establishment and other heads, inspiring them with the fear of foreign invasion, and impressing them with the necessity that exists for protecting them and enabling them to ensure the means of living in peace, the king should

हिन्दी अर्थ

यज्ञ-कर्मका पूरा-पूरा फल प्राप्त होता है, ऐसा विद्वान् पुरुष कहते हैं

English

Entering its quality, the moon swallows the mind; when the mind ceases, the self rests in the moon.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उसका भोक्ता देहाभिमानी जीव--ये सभी तीन-तीन प्रकारके होते हैं देतत् फलं सिद्धाति कर्मलोके

English

After a great time, intention brings him under its sway; intention swallows thought, and that is the highest knowledge.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जो उनका फल भोमनेके लिये प्राप्त शरीरमें होती है, वह हैवाधीन है

English

Time swallows knowledge; scripture says Time is strength; Time swallows strength, but the learned one brings it under his control.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दुःखस्य चाप्यायतनं शरीरम् न्‍्मनःस्थ एवायमुपाश्चुते तत्

English

The learned one then brings the sound of space into himself; that unmanifest is the supreme Brahman, eternal and unsurpassed; so all beings have Brahman alone as their return.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शुभाशुभं॑ कर्मफलं भुनक्ति

English

This has been rightly told as it is, without doubt; it is to be understood as seen by yogis whose selves are supreme, made of knowledge.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शुभाशुभ फल भोगना पड़ता है तदुच्यमानं शृणु मे परं॑ यत्

English

Thus expansion and contraction of Brahman in the unmanifest occur again and again, at the beginning of the thousand ages, of the day and likewise of the night."