Shanti Parva

हिन्दी अर्थ

को हि नाम भवेनार्थी भवेत् कारणतत्त्ववित्

English

Vaisampayana said, "The righteous-souled Yudhishthira, with an agitated heart and burning with sorrow, began to grieve for that mighty car-warrior Kama. Sighing repeatedly, he addressed Arjuna, saying, 'If, O Arjuna, we had led a life of mendicancy in the cities of the Vrishnis and the Andhakas, then this miserable end would not have been ours in consequence of having exterminated our kinsmen. Our foes, the Kurus, have gained in prosperity, while we have become divested of all the objects of life, for what fruits of righteousness can be ours when we have been guilty of self- slaughter? l Fie on the usages of Kshatriyas, fie on might and valour, and fie on wrath, since through these such a calamity hath overtaken us. Blessed are forgiveness, and self-restraint, and purity, with renunciation and humility, and abstention from injury, and truthfulness of speech on all occasions, which are all practised by forest- recluses. Full of pride and arrogance, ourselves, however, through covetousness and folly and from desire of enjoying the sweets of sovereignty, have fallen into this plight. Beholding those kinsmen of ours that were bent on acquiring the sovereignty of the world slain on the field of battle, such grief hath been ours that one cannot gladden us by giving the sovereignty of even the three worlds. Alas, having slain, for the sake of the earth, such lords of earth as deserved not to be slain by us, we are bearing the weight of existence, deprived of friends and reft of the very objects of life. Like a pack of dogs fighting one another for a piece of meat, a great disaster has overtaken us! That piece of meat is no longer dear to us. On the other hand, it shall be thrown aside. They that have been slain should not have been slain for the sake of even the whole earth or mountains of gold, or all the horses and kine in this world. Filled with envy and a hankering for all earthly objects, and influenced by wrath and pleasure, all of them, betaking themselves to the highway of Death, have repaired to the regions of Yama. Practising asceticism and Brahmacharya and truth and renunciation, sires wish for sons endued with every kind of prosperity. Similarly, by fasts and sacrifices and vows and sacred rites and auspicious ceremonies mothers conceive. They then hold the foetus for ten months. Passing their time in misery and in expectation of fruit, they

हिन्दी अर्थ

तो राजाओंमें यह भयंकर युद्ध होता ही नहीं

English

[Arjuna said:] "Some twice-born have left their homes and gone to the forest; fools, with beards not yet grown, born in families, they have gone forth.

हिन्दी अर्थ

त्वां राजन्ननुगच्छामो ज्येष्ठोडयमिति भारत

English

Thinking 'This is dharma,' established in celibacy, abandoning homes and ancestors, Indra took pity on them.

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्लीबस्य वाक्ये तिष्ठामो यथैवाशक्तयस्तथा

English

The revered one, becoming a golden bird, spoke to them: 'What those who eat the remnants (of sacrifice) have done is hard for men to do.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कथं वै नानुपश्येयुर्जना: पश्यत यादृशम्

English

Their deed is meritorious and their life praiseworthy; they are perfected and have gained the foremost state, devoted to dharma.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

कैसे दृष्टि नहीं डालेंगे? बन्धुओ! मेरा कथन कैसा है? इसपर विचार करो

English

[The sages said:] 'Ah, this bird praises the remnant-eaters; surely it instructs us, and we are remnant-eaters.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

जरयाभिपरीतेन शत्रुभिव्यसितेन वा

English

[The bird said:] 'I do not praise you, smeared with mud, dusty, eaters of leavings, fools; others are the remnant-eaters.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

धर्मव्यतिक्रमं चैव मन्यन्ते सूक्ष्मदर्शिन:

English

[The sages said:] 'We worship this as the highest good; tell us, bird, what is the good; we greatly trust you.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

तदेव निन्दां भाषेयुर्धाता तत्र न गहतिे

English

[The bird said:] 'If you do not distrust me, and separate yourselves by yourselves, then I shall tell you the truth, beneficial words.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

पार्थिवैर्नुपति: स्वल्पै: कारणैरेव बध्यते

English

always ask themselves in anxiety, 'Shall these come out of the womb safely? Shall these live after birth? Shall they grow in might and be objects of regard on earth? Shall they be able to give us happiness in this and the other world?' Alas, since their sons, youthful in years and resplendent with ear-rings, have been slain, therefore, those expectations of theirs rendered fruitless, have been abandoned by them. Without having enjoyed the pleasure of this world, and without having paid off the debts they owed to their sires and the gods, they have repaired to Yama's abode. Alas, O mother, those kings have been slain just at that time when their parents expected to reap the fruits of their might and wealth, l They were always fitted with envy and a hankering after earthly objects, and were exceedingly subject to anger and joy. For this, they could not be expected to enjoy at any time or any place the fruits of victory. 2 1 think that they among the Panchalas and the Kurus that have fallen (in this battle) have been

हिन्दी अर्थ

तत् प्राप्य प्रार्थये स्थानमव्ययं शाश्रवृतं ध्रुवम्

English

[The bird said:] 'Among quadrupeds the cow is best; among metals gold is best; among sounds the mantra is best; among bipeds the Brahmana is best.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अनुवाकहता बुद्धिर्नैषा तत्त्वार्थदर्शिनी

English

For a Brahmana the mantra-rites of birth and so on are ordained, up to the funeral at the cremation ground, at the proper time while he lives.

हिन्दी अर्थ

समझनेवाली नहीं है

English

His Vedic rites are the unsurpassed road to heaven; all rites are said to be perfected by mantras.

हिन्दी अर्थ

निश्चय किया था तो धृतराष्ट्रके पुत्रोंका विनाश करानेसे क्या फल मिला?

English

Success is desired here by those firm in the traditions; the months, half-months, seasons, sun, moon and stars,

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्षात्रमाचरतो मार्गमपि बन्धोस्त्वदन्तरे

English

all beings strive; that is the truth for those attached to rites; this is the holy field of success, this the great stage of life.

हिन्दी अर्थ

और कोमलताका भाव नहीं रह जाता; फिर आपके हृदयमें यह सब क्‍यों है?

English

But men who censure rites and have gone astray, fools without wealth, have sin.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शस्त्र नैव ग्रहीष्यामो न वधिष्याम कंचन

English

Fools who, abandoning the eternal lines of the gods, ancestors and Brahma, act so, go thereafter to the path of the unheard.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उठाते और न किसीका वध ही करते

English

Let this be your austerity, joined to giving, as urged by the sages; therefore austerity is said to be what one resolves upon.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न चेदं दारुणं युद्धमभविष्यन्महीक्षिताम्

English

Dividing the eternal lines of gods, ancestors and Brahma, and serving the teacher—that is called hard.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्थावरं जड़म॑ चैव सर्व प्राणस्य भोजनम्

English

The gods, having done what is hard, reached supreme glory; therefore I tell you that carrying the householder's life is hard.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जगत् प्राणका भोजन है

English

Austerity is the best, the root of creatures, without doubt, by this rule of family life, in which everything is established.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तान् हत्वा भुड्क्ष्व धर्मेण युधिष्ठिर महीमिमाम्

English

The Brahmanas, beyond dualities and free of envy, know this as austerity; therefore the forest and the middle are called austerity in the worlds.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पड़्कदिग्धो निवर्तेत कर्मेदे नस्तथोपमम्

English

The remnant-eaters go to an unassailable state: those who, dividing food at evening and morning in their own family according to rule,

हिन्दी अर्थ

अप्राश्य निधन गच्छेत् कर्मेदे नस्तथोपमम्

English

and giving to guests, gods, ancestors and their own people, eat what is left, they call remnant-eaters.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स निराशो निवर्तेत कर्मतन्नस्तथोपमम्

English

Therefore, resorting to their own dharma, of good vows, truth-speaking, becoming teachers of the world, they become unblemished.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आत्मानं घातयेत् पश्चात् कर्मेदं नस्तथोपमम्

English

Reaching heaven in Shakra's world, free of envy, those who do the hard deed dwell for eternal years.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

कामीव कामिनी लब्ध्वा कर्मेदे नस्तथोपमम्

English

Then, hearing that word of his, joined to dharma and wealth, they gave up the path of unbelief and took to the householder's dharma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न करे, हमारा यह कर्म भी वैसा ही निष्फल हो रहा है

English

Therefore you too, invincible one, taking up eternal steadfastness, rule the whole earth, your enemies slain, best of men."

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्षत्रियोंके लिये युद्धधर्मका विधान किया है

English

lost, otherwise he that has slain would, by that act of his, obtain all regions of bliss. 3 We are regarded as the cause of the destruction that has overtaken the world. The fault, however, is really ascribable to the sons of Dhritarashtra. Duryodhana's heart was always set upon guile. Always cherishing malice, he was addicted to deception. Although we never offended him, yet he always behaved falsely towards us. We have not gained our object, nor have they gained theirs. We have not vanquished them, nor have they vanquished us. The Dhartarashtras could not enjoy this earth, nor could they enjoy women and music. They did not listen to the counsels of ministers and friends and men learned in the scriptures. They could not, indeed, enjoy their costly gems and well-filled treasury and vast territories. Burning with the hate they bore us, they could not obtain happiness and peace. Beholding our aggrandisement, Duryodhana became colourless, pale and emaciated. Suvala's son informed king Dhritarashtra of this. As a father full of affection for his son, Dhritarashtra tolerated the evil policy his son pursued. Without doubt, by disregarding Vidura and the high-souled son of Ganga, and in consequence of his neglect in restraining his wicked and covetous son, entirely governed by his passions, the king has met with destruction like my poor self. Without doubt, Duryodhana, having caused his uterine brothers to be slain and having east this couple into burning grief, hath fallen off from his blazing fame. Burning with the hate he bore to us Duryodhana was always of a sinful heart. What other kinsman of high birth could use such language towards kinsmen as he, from desire of battle, actually used in the presence of Krishna? We also have, through Duryodhana's fault, been lost for eternity, like suns burning everything around them with their own energy. That wicked-souled wight,

हिन्दी अर्थ

तेषामात्मैव भर्तव्यो नान्य: कश्नन विद्यते

English

[Vaishampayana said:] Humouring his brother's mind, the wide-chested, mighty-armed, copper-faced, measured-speaking subduer of foes (Nakula) spoke.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उच्छिष्ट भोजिनो मन्दानन्ये वै विधघसाशिन:

English

"The fires on the sacrificial posts of all the gods are piled up; therefore know, great king, that the gods stand on the path of action.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सिद्धिक्षेत्रमिदं पुण्यमयमेवाश्रमो महान्

English

Those who are givers of life to the believers, and the ancestors, too perform only action; behold the rule, O king; and those who are cast out by the Vedic doctrine, know them to be utter unbelievers.

हिन्दी अर्थ

संत्यज्य मूढा वर्तन्ते ततो यान्त्यश्रुतीपथम्

English

A Brahmana, abandoning what the Veda declares in all rites, does not reach the heights of heaven by the path of the gods, Bharata.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्मात् तत् तद् व्यवस्थानं तपस्वितप उच्यते

English

'This goes beyond all stages of life,' say the Vedic conclusions, Brahmanas versed in the scriptures; know them, lord of men.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तपस्वीका “तप” कहलाता है

English

He who spends wealth gained by dharma in the chief sacrifices, great king, among the self-controlled, is called the true renouncer.

हिन्दी अर्थ

संविभज्य गुरोश्चर्या तद् वै दुष्करमुच्यते

English

One who gives up himself without regard to taking pleasure, and is established above, great king, is a renouncer of the tamasic sort, lord.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्माद् गार्हस्थ्यमुद्रोढुं दुष्करं प्रत्रवीमि व:

English

The homeless wanderer, the sage dwelling at a tree's root, never cooking, ever in yoga, is a renouncer, Partha, a mendicant.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वेदवादस्य विज्ञानं सत्याभासमिवानृतम्

English

that embodiment of hostility, was our evil star. Alas, for Duryodhana's acts alone, this race of ours has been exterminated. Having slain those whom we should never have slain, we have incurred the censures of the world. King Dhritarashtra, having installed that wicked-souled prince of sinful deeds, that exterminator of his race, in the sovereignty, is obliged to grieve today. Our heroic foes have been slain. We have committed sin. His possessions and kingdom are gone. Having slain them, our wrath has been pacified. But grief is stupefying me. O Dhananjaya, a perpetrated sin is expiated by auspicious acts, by publishing it wildly, by repentance, by alms-giving, by penances, by trips to tirthas after renunciation of everything, by constant meditation on the scriptures. Of all these, he that has practised renunciation is believed to be incapable of committing sins anew. The Srutis declare that he that practises renunciation escapes from birth and death, and obtaining the right rood, that person of fixed soul attains to Brahma. I shall, therefore, O Dhananjaya, go to the woods, with your leave, O scorcher of foes, disregarding all the pairs of opposites, adopting the vow of taciturnity, and walking in the way pointed out by knowledge, l O slayer of foes, the Srutis declare it and I myself have seen it with my eyes, that one who is wedded to this earth can never obtain every kind Of religious merit. Desirous of obtaining the things of this earth, I have committed sin, through which, as the Srutis declare, birth and death are brought about. Abandoning the whole of my kingdom, therefore, and the things of this earth, I shall go to the woods, escaping from the ties of the world, freed from grief, and without affection for anything. Do thou govern this earth, on which peace has been restored, and which has been divested of all its thorns. O best of Kuru's race, I have no need for kingdom or for pleasure.' Having said these words, king Yudhishthira the just stopped. His younger brother Arjuna then addressed him in the following words.

हिन्दी अर्थ

धर्मच्छ्म समास्थाय च्यवितुं न तु जीवितुम्

English

The wise say the stages of life have been weighed on a balance: on one side the three, O king, and on the other the householder's stage.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जानेसे कर्तव्यसे भ्रष्ट होना ही सम्भव है, जीवनको सार्थक बनाना नहीं

English

He who looks to the aim of wealth, desire and heaven, Bharata—this is the path of the great sages, this the course of those who know the world.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अबिक्षता पुत्रपौत्रान् देवर्षीनतिथीन् पितृन्

English

He who holds this view is a renouncer, bull of the Bharatas, not he who, abandoning his home, goes to the forest like a fool.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अथान्येन प्रकारेण पुण्यमाहुर्न तं जना:

English

When the dishonest man who uses dharma as a decoration looks to desires, Death, the king, binds him by the noose of death at the throat.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वनवासको ही पुण्यकारक नहीं मानते

English

A deed done from pride is not called fruitful; all that is joined to renunciation, great king, bears great fruit.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पर्वताश्र द्रुमाश्वैव क्षिप्रं सिद्धिमवाप्रुयु:

English

Peace, self-control, austerity, giving, truth, purity, uprightness, sacrifice, steadfastness and dharma are ever the rule of the sages.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अपरिग्रहवन्तश्न सततं ब्रह्मचारिण:

English

Undertaking rites for ancestors, gods and guests is praised here; and here alone, great king, the triple aim is the whole fruit.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्मात् कर्मव कर्तव्यं नास्ति सिद्धिरकर्मण:

English

For the renouncer who abides in this rule practised by Brahmanas, there is never any loss of what has been done.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ही करना चाहिए। अकर्मण्य पुरुषको कभी कोई सिद्धि नहीं मिलती

English

The sinless Prajapati created beings, O king, with a tranquil soul, thinking 'They will sacrifice to me with sacrifices of various fees.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

भरण-पोषणका भार वे उठाते हों

English

Creepers and trees, and herbs for sacrifice, pure animals, and oblations for sacrifice were made.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्मात् कर्मव कर्तव्यं नास्ति सिद्धिरकर्मण:

English

That sacrificial work of the householder in his stage is not at variance; therefore the householder's life is hard and rare here.

हिन्दी अर्थ

है, उसे कभी सिद्धि नहीं मिलती

English

Householders who have attained it, with cattle and grain, and do not sacrifice, great king, have eternal sin in them.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तापसै: सह संवाद शक्रस्य भरतर्षभ

English

Some sages spread their sacrifices of Vedic study, others sacrifices of knowledge, and others the great sacrifices by mind alone.

हिन्दी अर्थ

संवाद हुआ था, उस प्राचीन इतिहासका उदाहरण दिया करते हैं

English

For one who follows the path of giving and concentration, O king, a twice-born who has become Brahma, the dwellers in heaven long.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अभी उन्हें मूँछठ-दाढ़ीतक नहीं आयी थी, उसी अवस्थामें उन्होंने घर त्याग दिया

English

You speak of unbelief without ever having given up in sacrifices the wondrous jewels gathered from here and there; I see no renunciation in one who keeps a family, lord of men.

हिन्दी अर्थ

त्यक्त्वा भ्रातृन् पितृश्चैव तानिन्द्रोडन्वकृपायत

English

Sacrifice, great king, with the Rajasuya, Ashvamedha and Sarvamedha, and other sacrifices honoured by Brahmanas, dear one, as Shakra, lord of the gods, did.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सुदुष्करं मनुष्यैश्व यत् कृतं विघसाशिभि:

English

A king who, by his negligence, lets his subjects be plundered by robbers, and gives them no refuge, is called Kali (the evil age) as king.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सिद्धार्थस्ति गतिं मुख्यां प्राप्ता धर्मपरायणा:

English

Horses, cows, female slaves, female elephants, well adorned, villages and countries, fields and houses,

हिन्दी अर्थ

अस्मान् नूनमयं शास्ति वयं च विघसाशिन:

English

without giving them to the twice-born, with minds filled with envy, we, lord of men, will become the evil of kings.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शकुने ब्रूहि यच्छेयो भृशं ते श्रद्धधामहे

English

Non-givers, without refuge, sharers in the sin of kings, they enjoy sorrows only, never happiness.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अधिक श्रद्धा करते हैं

English

If, without having sacrificed with great sacrifices, without having made the ancestral offering, you go forth without giving up at the tirthas,

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततोऊहं व: प्रवक्ष्यामि याथातथ्यं हितं वच:

English

you will go to ruin like a torn cloud driven by the wind, fallen from both worlds and standing in between.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नियोगे चैव धर्मात्मन् स्थातुमिच्छाम शाधि न:

English

One would be a renouncer by abandoning whatever within or without causes distraction of mind, not he who stands having merely left.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शब्दानां प्रवरो मन्त्रो ब्राह्मणो द्विपदां वर:

English

For a Brahmana abiding in this rule practised by Brahmanas, great king, there is never any loss.

हिन्दी अर्थ

और मनुष्योंमें ब्राह्मण प्रधान है

English

Having forcibly slain the prosperous enemies as Shakra slew the Daitya hosts in battle, who, Partha, intent on his own dharma, would grieve, O king, following what was remembered by the ancients and practised by the good?

हिन्दी अर्थ

जीवतोपि यथाकालं श्मशाननिधनादिभि:

English

Having conquered the earth by kshatriya dharma and valour and given it to those who know the mantras, you will go to the heights of heaven, king; you ought not to grieve now, Partha."

हिन्दी अर्थ

कुटुम्बविधिनानेन यस्मिन् सर्व प्रतिष्ठितम्

English

perished, they have not attained to heaven; if, indeed, heaven has been theirs, then the slayers too would obtain heaven, the scriptural ordinance having said so. It is impossible, however, too suppose that men of wrath who have done such wicked deeds should obtain such regions of bliss hereafter.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पहुँचकर अनन्त वर्षोतक वहाँ निवास करते हैं

English

[Sahadeva said:] "For one freed from outward possessions yet greedy for bodies, whatever dharma or happiness there is, let that be so for our enemies.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उत्सृज्य नास्तीति गता गार्हस्थ्यं समुपाश्रिता:

English

For one who has given up bodily possessions yet rules the earth, whatever dharma or happiness there is, let that be so for our friends.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रशाधि पृथिवीं कृत्स्नां हतामित्रां नरोत्तम

English

Death is of two syllables, Brahma of three, eternal; 'mine' is death, 'not mine' is eternal.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पृथ्वीका शासन कीजिये

English

Brahma and Death, O king, both rest in the self; unseen, they surely make beings fight.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ऋषिशकुनिसंवादकथने एकादशोध्याय:

English

If, Bharata, this being's imperishability is fixed, then splitting the bodies of beings will not be violence.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्माद् विद्धि महाराज देवा: कर्मफले स्थिता:

English

Or if the origin and dissolution of being are joined, then with the body destroyed all would be destroyed and the path of action would be in vain.

हिन्दी अर्थ

चाहिए कि देवता भी वैदिक कर्मों और उनके फलोंपर विश्वास करते हैं

English

Therefore, abandoning the extreme, one who knows should follow the path practised by the good of former and still more ancient times.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विधिवाक्योंपर दृष्टि रखकर कर्म ही करते हैं

English

The king who, having won the whole earth with its moving and unmoving things, does not enjoy it rightly, has a fruitless life.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्माद् व्रतं मध्यमं तु लोकेषु तप उच्यते

English

Or if, O king, he dwells in the forest living on wild produce, but has possessiveness toward his goods, he is in the mouth of Death.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अनुष्ठानकी अपेक्षा मध्यम श्रेणीका है

English

See, Bharata, the nature of beings outward and inward; those who see that nature are freed from great fear.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सायंप्रातर्विभज्यान्नं स्वकुटुम्बे यथाविधि

English

You are my father, you my mother, you my brother, you my teacher; therefore forgive me, afflicted, for my lamentation of grief.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अवशिष्टानि येश्रन्ति तानाहुर्विघसाशिन:

English

Whether true or untrue, what I have said, know it, protector of the earth, to be from devotion, best of the Bharatas."