Shanti Parva

हिन्दी अर्थ

एकादशाधिकशततमोध्याय:

English

"Janamejaya said, 'When that tiger among men, of righteous soul and great energy, firmly adhering to truth and with passions under complete control, viz., the son of Santanu and Ganga, named Devavrata or Bhishma of unfading glory, lay on a hero's bed with the sons of Pandu sitting around him, tell me, O great sage, what converse ensued in that meeting of heroes after the slaughter of the troops.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

माँगनेके लिये कहा

English

"Adharma, dharma": it is like a wolf's track; no one here has ever seen the fruits of dharma and adharma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

योजनानां शतं साग्र॑ गच्छामि चरितुं विभो

English

The strong would wish to be everything; all lies in the power of the strong; the strong man gains fortune, force and ministers here.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वर पाकर ऊँट अपने वनमें चला गया

English

He who is not wealthy is fallen, and what little he has is a leftover; for the strong, much that is unwholesome is nothing, and nothing saves from fear.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न चैच्छच्चरितु गन्तुं दुरात्मा कालमोहितः

English

Both hold sovereignty over truth, and both save from great fear; I think strength greater than dharma, for from strength dharma proceeds.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दुरात्मा कालसे मोहित होकर चरनेके लिये कहीं जाना ही नहीं चाहता था

English

Dharma is founded on strength, as the moving is founded on the earth; as smoke follows the wind, dharma follows strength.

हिन्दी अर्थ

चचार श्रान्तह्ृदयो वातश्नचागात् ततो महान्

English

Dharma depends on strength in one who is powerless as a creeper on a tree; dharma is subject to the strong, as pleasure to the enjoyers; nothing is impossible for the strong, and for the strong all is pure.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मन चरनेसे कभी थकता ही नहीं था। इतनेमें ही बड़े जोरसे हवा चलने लगी

English

The ill-conducted, weak in strength, hold to a measure; then the whole world is alarmed at him as at a wolf.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आस्ते तु वर्षमभ्यागात् सुमहत् प्लावयज्जगत्

English

One cast down and despised lives a life of sorrow; a life that is slighted is like death.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एतदाचक्ष्व तत्त्वेन सर्वधर्मभूतां वर

English

" Vaisampayana said, 'When Bhishma that chief of the Kurus, lay on his bed of arrows, many Rishis and Siddhas, O king, headed by Narada, came to that spot. The unslain remnant of the (assembled) kings with Yudhishthira at their head, and Dhritarashtra and Krishna and Bhima and Arjuna and the twins also came there. Those high-souled persons, approaching the grandsire of the Bharatas who looked like the Sun himself dropped from the firmament, indulged in lamentations for him. Then Narada of godlike features reflecting for a short while, addressed all the Pandavas and the unslain remnant of the kings saying, 'The time, I think, has come for you to question Bhishma (on subject of morality and religion), for Ganga's son is about to expire like the Sun that is on the point of setting. He is about to cast off his life-breaths. Do you all, therefore, solicit him to discourse to you? He is acquainted with the varied duties of all the four orders. Old in years, after abandoning his body he will obtain high regions of bliss. Solicit him, therefore, without delay, to clear the doubts that exists in your minds.' Thus addressed by

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्या करनेसे वह सुखी हो सकता है? यह मुझे यथार्थरूपसे बताइये?

English

princes approached Bhishma, but unable to ask him anything, looked at one another. Then Yudhishthira the son of Pandu, addressing Hrishikesa said, "There is no one else than Devaki's son that can question the grandsire. O foremost one of Yadu's race, do thou, therefore, O slayer of Madhu, speak first. Thou, O sire, art the foremost of us all and thou art conversant with every duty and practice." Thus addressed by the son of Pandu, the illustrious Kesava of unfading glory, approaching the unconquerable Bhishma, spoke unto him as follows.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

यथा राज्ञेह कर्तव्यं यच्च कृत्वा सुखी भवेत्

English

" Vasudeva said, 'Hast thou, O best of kings, passed the night happily? Has thy understanding become unclouded? Does thy knowledge, O sinless one, shine in thee by inward light? I hope thy heart no longer feels pain and thy mind is no longer agitated.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

वैसा बर्ताव नहीं करना चाहिए

English

"Bhishma said, 'Burning, stupefaction, fatigue, exhaustion, illness, and pain, through thy grace, O thou of Vrishni's race, have all left me in a single day. O thou of incomparable splendour, all that is past, all that is future, and all that is present, I behold as clearly as a fruit placed in my hands. All the duties declared in the Vedas, all those laid down in the Vedantas, I behold clearly, O thou of unfading glory, in consequence of the boon thou hast granted to me. The duties that have been declared by persons of

हिन्दी अर्थ

तप: सुमहादातिष्ठदरण्ये संशितव्रत:

English

One should enter the brahma-kshatra way, having done much that is very hard, not minding what the world says about it.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वरेण च्छन्दयामास ततश्रनैनं पितामह:

English

Blameless, with such conduct he soon becomes highly esteemed; he may enjoy happiness and wealth and protect them by this conduct; in this world he gains honour, and in the next a great fruit.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जलसे आप्लावित करती हुई बड़ी भारी वर्षा होने लगी

English

learning and righteous behaviour, dwell in my remembrance. I am conversant also, O Janardana, with the duties and practices prevailing in particular countries and among particular tribes and families. Everything relating again to the four modes of life has come back to my recollection. I am acquainted also, O Kesava, with the duties that relate to king-craft. Whatever should at whatever time be said, I would say, O Janardana! Through thy grace, I have acquired an auspicious understanding. Strengthened by meditation on thee, feel as if I have become a young man again. Through thy favour, O Janardana, I have become competent to discourse on what is beneficial (for the world). Why, however, O holy one, dost thou not thyself discourse to Pandu's son upon all that is good? What explanation hast thou to give in respect of this? Tell me quickly, O Madhava!'

हिन्दी अर्थ

वर्तस्व बुद्धिमूलं तु विजयं मनुरब्रवीत्

English

A smiter, wise, heroic, learned and merciful, guarding imperishable dharma, devoted to brahmanas and honouring his teachers.

हिन्दी अर्थ

राजन! इसे अच्छी तरह समझकर इसीके अनुसार चलो

English

Born of a Nishada woman to a kshatriya, keeping to the dharma of the kshatriya, a Nishada's son named Kapavya attained perfection though a robber.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अमित्रस्यातिवृद्धस्य कथं तिछेदसाधन:

English

In the forest, at evening and in the forenoon, he roused the herds of deer; he knew the ways of the deer kinds and was skilled in their watering-places.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सरितां चैव संवादं सागरस्य च भारत

English

Knowing every region of the forest, ever roaming Pariyatra, a knower of dharma toward all beings, of unerring arrows and firm weapons,

हिन्दी अर्थ

एक प्राचीन उपाख्यानका दृष्टान्त दिया करते हैं

English

Single-handed he conquered armies of many hundreds; and in the great forest he honoured his aged, blind parents.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पप्रच्छ सरित: सर्वा: संशयं जातमात्मन:

English

With honey, meat, roots, fruits and food of many kinds he honoured and fed them, and attended on them well.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नदियोंसे अपने मनका एक संदेह पूछा

English

Protecting the forest-dwelling brahmanas who had gone forth as ascetics, he would even bring them deer killed in the great forest.

हिन्दी अर्थ

युष्माभिरिह पूर्णाभिन्नद्यस्तत्र न वेतसम्

English

To those who would not accept it, fearing a robber's food, he would leave it at their houses and go away at dawn.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सदारस्तां गुहामाशु प्रविवेश जलार्दित:

English

" Vasudeva said, 'Know, O thou of Kuru's race, that I am the root of fame and of everything that leads to good. All things, good or bad, proceed from me. Who on earth will wonder if the moon be said to be of cool rays? Similarly, who will wonder if I were described as one possessed of the full measure of fame? 1 1 have, however, resolved to enhance thy fame, O thou of great splendour! It is for this, O Bhishma, that I have just inspired thee with great intelligence. As long, O lord of earth, as the earth will last, so long will thy fame travel with undiminished lustre through all the worlds. Whatever, O Bhishma, thou wilt say unto the inquiring son of Pandu, will be regarded on earth to be as authoritative as the declarations of that Vedas. That person who will conduct himself here according to the authority of thy declarations, will obtain hereafter the reward of every meritorious act. For

हिन्दी अर्थ

अभक्षयत् ततो ग्रीवामुष्टस्य भरतर्षभ

English

this reason, O Bhishma, I have imparted to thee celestial understanding so that thy fame maybe enhanced on earth. As long as a man's fame lasts in the world, so long are his achievements said to live. The unslain remnant of the (assembled) kings are sitting around thee, desirous of listening to thy discourses on morality and duty. Do thou speak unto them, O Bharata! Thou art old in years and thy behaviour is consistent with the ordinance of the Srutis. Thou art well conversant with the duties of kings and with every other science of duty. No one has ever noticed the slightest transgression in thee from thy every birth. All the kings know thee to be conversant with all the sciences of morality and duty. Like a sire unto his sons do thou, therefore, O king, discourse unto them of high morality. Thou hast always worshipped the Rishis and the gods. It is obligatory on thee to discourse on these subjects in detail unto persons desirous of listening to discourse on morality and duty. A learned person, especially when solicited by the righteous, should discourse on the same. The sages have declared this to be a duty. O puissant one, if thou dost not speak on such subjects, thou wilt incur sin. Therefore, questioned by thy sons and grandsons, O learned one, about the eternal duties (of men), do thou, O bull among the Bharatas, discourse upon them on the subject.'"

हिन्दी अर्थ

ऊँटकी गर्दनका मांस काट-काटकर खाना आरम्भ कर दिया

English

"As you tell us, so shall we do; protect us as is just, as a mother and as a father."

हिन्दी अर्थ

तदा संकोचने यत्नमकरोद् भृशदु:खित:

English

[Kapavya said:] "Do not kill a timid woman, nor a child, nor an ascetic; one who is not fighting is not to be slain, nor are women to be seized by force.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दुखी हो उसे समेटनेका प्रयत्न करने लगा

English

A woman is by no means to be killed by one who fights among all beings; always one must fight for the welfare of cows and brahmanas, and for their sake.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तावत् तेन सदारेण जम्बुकेन स भक्षित:

English

Crops must not be destroyed, nor the plough obstructed, where gods, ancestors and guests are honoured.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सत्रीसहित सियारने उसे काटकर खा लिया

English

Among all beings a brahmana deserves release, and honour must be paid to them even with all one's wealth.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विगते वातवर्षे तु निश्चक्राम गुहामुखात्

English

For the man whose brahmanas, enraged, counsel his defeat, there is no protector in the three worlds.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वह गीदड़ गुफाके मुहानेसे निकल गया

English

He who insults brahmanas or desires their ruin meets a sure downfall, as surely as the sun rises.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आलस्यस्य क्रमात् पश्य महान्तं दोषमागतम्

English

Sitting here, one looks for the fruit hereafter according to one's ability; whoever will not give to us, against each of them we shall march with the force.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तानि जड्घाजघन्यानि भारप्रत्यवराणि च

English

Punishment is ordained for the sake of discipline, not for killing; for those who harass the disciplined, their slaying is declared to be dharma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ढोनेका कार्य सबसे निम्न श्रेणीका है

English

Those who make a living by obstructing the realm are inferred from that, like worms on a corpse.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आर्तस्य बुद्धिमूलं हि विजयं मनुरब्रवीत्

English

But robbers here who would live by the dharmashastra, even they, though robbers, would soon attain success."

हिन्दी अर्थ

संकटमें पड़े हुए राजाकी विजयका मूल बुद्धि-बल ही है

English

[Bhishma said:] "They all carried out Kapavya's instruction, found a livelihood, and ceased from sin.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सहाययुक्तेन मही कृत्स्ना शक्‍्या प्रशासितुम्

English

By that deed Kapavya attained great perfection, practising the welfare of the good and turning robbers away from sin.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सहायकोंसे सम्पन्न नरेश ही समूची पृथ्वीका शासन कर सकता है

English

He who ever recounts this deed of Kapavya will never meet fear from the beings of the forest.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यथैव बुद्ध्वा प्रचरस्व राजन्

English

He has no fear from mortals, nor in any way from immortals, king; neither from the good nor the bad; he is indeed a protector in the forests."

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रवाहमें बहा लाती हो; परंतु उनमें बेंतका कोई पेड़ नहीं दिखायी देता

English

"Vaisampayana said, 'Endued with great energy, the delighter of the Kurus (viz., Bhishma), said, 'I shall discourse on the subject of duty. My speech and mind have become steady, through thy grace, O Govinda, since thou art the eternal soul of every being. Let the righteous-souled Yudhishthira question me about morality and duty. I shall then be much gratified and shall speak of all duties. Let the son of Pandu, that royal sage of virtuous and great soul, upon whose birth all the Vrishnis were filled with joy, question me. Let the son of Pandu, who has no equal among all the Kurus, among all persons of righteous behaviour, and among men of great celebrity, put questions to me. Let the son of Pandu, in whom are intelligence, self-restraint, Brahmacharya, forgiveness, righteousness, mental vigour and energy, put questions to me. Let the son of Pandu, who always by his good offices honours his relatives and guests and servants and others that are dependent on him, put questions to me. Let the son of Pandu, in whom are truth and charity and penances, heroism, peacefulness, cleverness, and fearlessness, put questions to me. Let the righteous-souled son of Pandu, who would never commit a sin influenced by desire of Pleasure or Profit or from fear put questions to me. Let the son of Pandu, who is ever devoted to truth, to forgiveness, to knowledge and to guests, and who always makes gifts unto the righteous, put questions to me. Let the son of Pandu, who is ever engaged in sacrifices and study of the Vedas and the practice of morality and duty who is ever peaceful

हिन्दी अर्थ

अवहेलनावश उसे कभी नहीं लायीं अथवा उसने तुम्हारा कोई उपकार किया है?

English

" Vasudeva said, 'King Yudhishthira the just, overcome with great shame and fearful of (thy) curse, does not venture to approach thee. That lord of earth, O monarch, having caused a great slaughter, ventures not to approach thee from fear of (thy) curse. Having pierced with shafts those that deserved his worship, those that were devoted to him, those that were his preceptors, those that were his relatives and kinsmen and those that were worthy of his highest regard, he ventures not to approach thee.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

यथा चेमानि कूलानि हित्वा नायाति वेतस:

English

"Bhishma said, 'As the duty of the Brahmanas consists of the practice of charity, study, and penances, so the duty of Kshatriyas is to cast away their bodies, O Krishna, in battle. A Kshatriya should stay sires and grandsires and brothers and preceptors and relatives and kinsmen that may engage with him in unjust battle. This is their declared duty. That Kshatriya, O Kesava, is said to be acquainted with his duty who slays in battle his very preceptors if they happen to be sinful and covetous and disregardful of restraints and vows. That Kshatriya is said to be acquainted with his duty who slays in battle the person that from covetousness disregards the eternal barriers of virtue. 1 That Kshatriya is said to be acquainted with duty who in battle makes the earth a lake of blood, having the hair of slain warriors for the grass and straw floating on it, and having elephants for its rocks, and standards for the trees on its banks. A

हिन्दी अर्थ

वृक्ष तुम्हारे इन तटोंको छोड़कर नहीं आता है?

English

That would be for his strength or for sacrifice; plants not fit to be enjoyed, once cut and cooked, become fit to be enjoyed.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हेतुमद् ग्राहकं चैव सागरं सरिताम्पतिम्

English

He who worships with oblations neither gods, nor ancestors, nor men, the knowers of the Veda call such wealth calamitous.

हिन्दी अर्थ

युक्तियुक्त तथा मनको ग्रहण करनेवाली बात कही

English

A righteous lord of the earth should seize that wealth, king; such wealth would please neither the people nor the treasury.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ते त्यजन्ति ततः स्थान प्रातिलोम्यान्न वेतस:

English

He who takes from the wicked and gives to the good, making himself the means of transfer, I think is a knower of dharma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अपना स्थान छोड़ना पड़ता है; परंतु बेंत ऐसा नहीं है

English

Some creatures are born of sprouts, and are spoken of fittingly; they come into being even unwished for; so sacrifice is extended.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सरिताओंका वेग शान्त होनेपर पुनः अपने स्थानमें ही स्थित हो जाता है

English

As with gnats and mosquitoes, and as with ants born of eggs, that same livelihood holds among the non-sacrificers; so dharma is ordained.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अवज्ञया वा नानीतः कि च वा तेन वः कृतम्

English

and who has heard all mysteries, put questions to me.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

अनुलोमस्तथास्तब्धस्तेन नाभ्येति वेतस:

English

Kshatriya, when challenged, should always fight in battle, since Manu has said that a righteous battle (in the case of a Kshatriya) leads to both heaven and fame on earth.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

लोकविद्वेषमापन्नो निष्फलं प्रतिपद्यते

English

In a lake not very deep, three friends, fishes, Kaunteya, lived as companions among abundant fish.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विद्वान पुरुषको वह सब सह लेना चाहिए

English

Among those three water-dwellers one knew the right moment, another was far-sighted, and one was a procrastinator.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अर्थात् कुछ भी नहीं कर सकेगा

English

Once the fishermen drained that water on every side, through various channels into the low places.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कोई प्रयोजन सिद्ध नहीं होगा

English

Seeing the lake draining at the coming of danger, the far-sighted one spoke then to the two friends.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मयूर इव कौपीन नृत्यं संदर्शयन्निव

English

"This calamity has arisen for all dwellers in the water; let us go quickly elsewhere while the path is not yet blocked.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वाचं तेन न संदध्याच्छुचि: संश्लिष्टकर्मणा

English

He who by sound policy wards off a harm before it comes does not meet doubt; if it pleases you both, let us go."

हिन्दी अर्थ

परोक्षेणापवादी यस्तं नाशयति तत्क्षणात्

English

But the procrastinator among them said, "It is well said, but there need be no haste yet; so is my resolve."

हिन्दी अर्थ

वर्जयेत् साधुभिर्वज्य सारमेयामिषं यथा

English

Then the ready-witted one said to the far-sighted one, "When the time comes, nothing will be lost to me, by right means."

हिन्दी अर्थ

ओष ध्य: पादपा गुल्मा न ते यान्ति पराभवम्

English

"Vaisampayana continued, 'After Bhishma had spoken thus, Dharma's son Yudhishthira, with great humility, approached the Kuru hero and stood in his sight. He seized the feet of Bhishma who in return gladdened him with affectionate words. Smelling his head, Bhishma asked Yudhishthira to take his seat. Then Ganga's son, that foremost of bowmen, addressed Yudhishthira, saying, 'Do not fear, O best of the Kurus! Ask me, O child, without any anxiety.'"

हिन्दी अर्थ

सिर उठाते हैं, उनका कभी पराभव नहीं होता

English

Then seeing that body of water draining, the fishermen bound the fish by various devices.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पूर्व न सहते वेगं क्षिप्रमेव विनश्यति

English

While the pond was being stirred, with its water flowing out, the procrastinator was caught together with the others.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शीघ्र ही नष्ट हो जाता है

English

Seeing the net being drawn on the fish with ropes, the ready-witted one slipped in among the others and held on.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जानन् विचरति प्राज्ञो न स याति पराभवम्

English

Having clamped on to that very net, he stayed just so; and they took all of them there to be tied up.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उसके अनुसार बर्ताव करता है, उसकी कभी पराजय नहीं होती है

English

Then, when the fish were being washed in the clear water, the ready-witted one let go of the rope and was quickly freed.

हिन्दी अर्थ

संश्रयेद् वैतसीं वृत्तिमेतत् प्रज्ञानलक्षणम्

English

But the procrastinator, dull-minded, poor in sense and unaware, met his death, deluded, like one whose senses are injured.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अपना ले; अर्थात् उसके सामने नतमस्तक हो जाय। यही बुद्धिमानीका लक्षण है

English

So whoever through delusion does not wake to the arrival of the time perishes quickly, like the procrastinating fish.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सदा सुचेता: सहते नरस्येहाल्पमेधस:

English

The man who does nothing good at the outset, thinking "I am clever," meets doubt, like the ready-witted fish.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दुष्कृतं चात्मनो मर्षी रुष्यत्येवापमार्दि वै

English

But the man who makes provision for the future, doing what is fitting, gains the highest good, like the far-sighted fish.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उसके सारे सत्कर्म निष्फल हो जायँगे

English

Kalas, kashthas, muhurtas, days, nadis, kshanas, lavas, fortnights, months, seasons and years alike,

हिन्दी अर्थ

इदमुक्तो मया कश्चित् सम्मतो जनसंसदि

English

Place is spoken of as a region of the earth, and time is not seen; for the accomplishment of the intended aim, by right means, and so too of what is so.

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्लाघन्नश्लाघनीयेन कर्मणा निरपत्रप:

English

These two are declared by the sages in the shastras of dharma and artha and the shastras of liberation to be chief, and are accepted among men by the lords of desire.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यद् यद् ब्रूयादल्पमतिस्तत्तदस्य सहेद्बुध:

English

One who acts after examining, and is diligent, should accomplish things properly; by place and time as intended, he would gain the fruit.