Shanti Parva

हिन्दी अर्थ

सरस्वतीदृषद्वत्यो: संगमो मानस: सर:

English

" Yudhishthira said, 'Why, O bull of Bharata's race, have the Brahmanas said that the king, that ruler of

हिन्दी अर्थ

न जातु नाहमस्मीति सुप्रसक्तमसाधुषु

English

[Bhishma said:] "Wisdom is the support of beings; wisdom is held to be the highest gain; wisdom is the highest good in the world; wisdom is heaven for the good.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जाता है, वे दोनों ही पापरहित हो जाते हैं

English

By wisdom Bali, when his lordship was lost, Prahlada, Namuchi and Manki won their ends; what is higher than it?

हिन्दी अर्थ

एकात्मजमिमं लोके त्यक्त्वा गच्छत मा चिरम्

English

Here too they cite this ancient tale, the dialogue of Indra and Kashyapa; learn it, Yudhishthira.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विरत हो रहे हैं। तुमलोग भी अब अपने पुत्रका स्नेह छोड़कर घर लौट जाओ”

English

A certain vaishya, proud of his wealth, dear, knocked down with his chariot the sage Kashyapa, of strict vows, an ascetic.

हिन्दी अर्थ

निराशा जीविते तस्य मार्गमावृत्य धिष्ठिता:

English

Fallen, in pain and angry, he gave up on himself and said, "I shall die, poor as I am; there is no purpose in living."

हिन्दी अर्थ

हो वे सब लोग अपने बच्चेको छोड़कर जानेके लिये रास्तेपर आकर खड़े हुए

English

As he sat thus wishing to die, silent and senseless, Indra in the form of a jackal appeared to him, his mind angry.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गच्छमानान् सम तानाह निर्घणा: खलु मानुषा:

English

"All beings everywhere wish for a human birth, and in human birth all rejoice in brahminhood.

हिन्दी अर्थ

निकलकर उन लौटते हुए बान्धवोंसे कहा--“मनुष्यो! तुम बड़े निर्दय हो!

English

You are a human, a brahmana, and learned in the Veda, Kashyapa; having gained this so hard to gain, you wish to die without fault.

हिन्दी अर्थ

त्यागधर्म: पवित्राणां संन्यासं मनुरब्रवीत्

English

"Bhishma said, 'In this connection, is cited the old story, O Bharata, of the discourse of Vrihaspati unto Vasumanas. There was a king of Kosala possessed of great intelligence, named Vasumanas. On a certain occasion he questioned the great sage Vrihaspati of much wisdom. Conversant with the requirements of humility, king Vasumanas, ever devoted to the welfare of all, having observed the proper humilities and having circumambulated the great sage and bowed unto him duly, enquired of the virtuous Vrihaspati about the ordinances in respect of a kingdom, moved by the desire of securing the happiness of men.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

संन्यास सम्पूर्ण पवित्र धर्मोमें श्रेष्ठ है

English

"Vasumanas said, 'By what means do creatures grow and by what are they destroyed? O thou of great wisdom, by adoring whom do they succeed in obtaining eternal happiness?' Thus questioned by the Kosala king of immeasurable energy, Vrihaspati of great wisdom discoursed unto him coolly about the respect that should be paid to kings.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यथा कुमार: सत्यो वै नैव पुण्यो न पापकृत्

English

"Vrihaspati said, 'The duties of all men, O thou of great wisdom, may be seen to have their root in the king. It is through fear of the king only that men do not devour one another. It is the king that brings peace on earth, through due observance of duties, by checking all disregard for wholesome restraints and all kinds of lust. Achieving this, he shines in glory. As, O king,

हिन्दी अर्थ

एवं प्रकृतिभूतानां सर्वसंसर्गयायिनाम्

English

all creatures become unable to see one another and sink in utter darkness if the sun and the moon do not rise, as fishes in shallow water and birds in a spot safe from danger dart and rove as they please (for a time) and repeatedly attack and grind one another with force and then meet with certain destruction even so men sink in utter darkness and meet with destruction if they have no king to protect them, like a herd of cattle without the herdsman to look after them. If the king did not exercise the duty of protection, the strong would forcibly appropriate the possessions of the weak, and if the latter refused to surrender them with ease, their very lives would be taken. Nobody then, with reference to any article in his possession, would be able to say 'This is mine.' Wives, sons, food, and other kinds of property, would not then exist. Ruin would overtake everything if the king did not exercise the duty of protection. Wicked men would forcibly appropriate the vehicles and robes and ornaments and precious stones and other kinds of property belonging to others, if the king did not protect. In the absence of protection by the king, diverse kinds of weapons would fall upon those that are righteous in their practices, and unrighteousness would be adopted by all. In the absence of royal protection men would disregard or even injure their very mothers and fathers if aged, their very preceptors and guests and seniors. If the king did not protect, all

हिन्दी अर्थ

जीवन ही कल्याणमय है

English

They make protections from snow, rain and heat, and enjoy cloth, food, comfort, bed and shelter from the wind.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यत्त्वेव राज्ञो ज्यायिष्ठं कार्याणां तद् ब्रवीमि ते

English

Mounting the cow in the world, they enjoy and drive her; by many devices they make others subject to themselves.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यस्यैव बलमोजश्न स धर्मस्य प्रभुर्नर:

English

Those who are tongueless, wretched, with little breath and no hands endure those sorrows; by good fortune you, sage, are not so.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यथैवैतान् पुराक्षैप्सीस्तथैवैतान् प्रसादय

English

By good fortune you are not a jackal, nor a worm, nor a mouse, nor a snake, nor a frog, nor any other born of a sinful womb.

हिन्दी अर्थ

घटमान: स्वकार्येषु कुरु नि:श्रेयसं परम्

English

Even with this much gain you should be content, Kashyapa; how much more as the best of brahmanas among all beings?"

हिन्दी अर्थ

चेष्टा करते हुए परम कल्याणका साधन करो

English

[Kashyapa said:] "These worms eat me; I have no power to take them off, being without hands; see my condition.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शुचिस्तीर्थान्यनुचरन् बहुत्वात्परिमुच्यते

English

And because it is not to be done, I do not give up myself, lest I fall from here into a still more sinful birth."

हिन्दी अर्थ

ये सुगन्धीनि सेवन्ते तथागन्धा भवन्ति ते

English

[The jackal said:] "Among sinful births, I am a jackal, and have gone to it; many other sinful births are worse than this.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पैदल यात्रा करनेसे भी भ्रूणहत्याके पापसे छुटकारा मिल जाता है

English

Some by birth alone are happier, others are greatly afflicted; I see no one anywhere here who is wholly happy.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उनकी हत्याके पापसे मुक्त हो जाता है

English

Men, having got wealth, wish for kingship next; from kingship they wish for godhood, and from godhood even Indra's rank.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अश्वमेधयज्ञमें अवभूथस्नान करनेका फल मिलता है, ऐसा मनुजीने कहा है

English

Even if you were rich, neither king nor god, and having gained godhood, even Indrahood, you would not be content so.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अपि चैन प्रसीदन्ति भूतानि जडमूकवत्

English

There is no satiety in gaining the dear; craving is not quenched by water; it blazes up again, as fire with fuel.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कथं पापं नुदते धर्मशील:ः

English

You have grief, and you have joy; and pleasure and pain both; what is the lament there?

हिन्दी अर्थ

वासो यथा मलिने क्षारयुक्तम्

English

Cutting off the roots of all desires and all actions, shut in the host of the senses, like birds in a cage.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तच्चिकीर्षति कल्याण श्रद्धधानोडनसूयक:

English

Desire is never born in one who does not know tastes; it is born of touch, sight or hearing.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यः पाप॑ पुरुष: कृत्वा कल्याणमभिपलद्यते

English

You do not remember liquor, or the lataka birds; and nothing at all is more worth eating than those two.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कल्याणमाचरन्नेवं सर्वपापं व्यपोहति

English

And whatever other foods and dishes there are far away, Kashyapa, for those who have not eaten them before, there is not even memory.

हिन्दी अर्थ

याजयामास विधिवत् वाजिमेधेन शौनक:

English

Not eating, not touching, not seeing: this is the rule for a man, I think, and the good, without doubt.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विधिपूर्वक अश्वमेधयज्ञका अनुष्ठान कराया

English

Men with hands, joined with wealth, strong, without doubt, are made slaves by men themselves.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कच्चिन्मर्त्यो मृतो राजन् पुनरुज्जीवितो5भवत्

English

They are afflicted again and again by killing, binding and distress; and yet they too delight, rejoice and laugh.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मनुष्य मरकर फिर जी उठा हो!

English

Others, strong of arm, learned and high-minded, take up a despised, wretched and sinful livelihood.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जो संवाद हुआ था, उसे सुनो, वह पूर्वधटित यथार्थ इतिहास है

English

They are able to pursue another livelihood too, but it must be fixed by one's own deed, and it is so.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कुलसर्वस्वभूतं वै रुदन्‍्त: शोकविद्दला:

English

Neither the Pulkasa nor the Chandala wishes to give up himself; see what a delusion, discontent with one's own womb.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अड्नेनैव च संक्रम्य रुरुदुर्भशदु:खिता:

English

Seeing men crippled and struck down, sick, you are, Kashyapa, fully endowed with your own womb, having won a prize.

हिन्दी अर्थ

और अत्यन्त दुखी होकर रोने लगे

English

If your brahmana body is free of fear and of disease, and your limbs are whole, and you are not scorned in the worlds,

हिन्दी अर्थ

तं बाल॑ भूतले क्षिप्य प्रतिगन्तुं न शकनुयु:

English

not by any slander, only by the truth that carries off, rise up for dharma, brahmana sage; you should not give up yourself.

हिन्दी अर्थ

समानीतानि कालेन हित्वा वै यान्ति बान्धवा:

English

If, brahmana, you listen to this and have faith in my words, you will gain the chief fruit of the dharma spoken in the Veda.

हिन्दी अर्थ

संयोगो विप्रयोगश्षु पर्यायेणोपल भ्यते

English

Carefully keep up study and the tending of the fires, truth, self-control and giving; do not compete with anyone.

हिन्दी अर्थ

संयोग और वियोग प्राप्त होते रहते हैं

English

Those who have studied their own study and gained sacrifice and officiating, how could they ever grieve or dwell on the unfair?

हिन्दी अर्थ

तेडप्यायुष: प्रमाणेन स्वेन गच्छन्ति जन्तव:

English

Wishing for pleasure, they would gain great happiness; those born under a good star, at good bathing-places, at good moments,

हिन्दी अर्थ

कड्कालबहुले रौद्रे सर्वप्राणिभयड्करे

English

while others, born under asura stars, at bad places and bad moments, fall into asura wombs devoid of the birth of sacrifice.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रियो वा यदि वा द्वेष्य: प्राणिनां गतिरीदृशी

English

I was once a pedant, a rationalist, a reviler of the Veda, devoted to logic and the science of argument, to no purpose.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नहीं हुआ है। समस्त प्राणियोंकी ऐसी ही गति है

English

A propounder of arguments, a speaker with reasons in assemblies, a reviler and rebuker of the twice-born in sacrifices of Brahman,

हिन्दी अर्थ

कृतान्तविहिते मार्गे मृतं को जीवयिष्यति

English

an unbeliever, suspicious of all, a fool who thought himself a scholar: this is the result of that, my jackalhood, brahmana.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कालद्वारा निर्मित पथपर मरकर गये हुए प्राणीको कौन जीवित कर सकेगा

English

Might it happen, even after hundreds of days and nights, that I, a jackal, would gain a human womb again?

हिन्दी अर्थ

गम्यतां स्वमधिष्ठानं सुतस्नेहं विसृज्य वै

English

Content and careful, delighting in sacrifice, giving and austerity, I would be a knower of what is to be known and an avoider of what is to be avoided."

हिन्दी अर्थ

बान्धवास्ते5 भ्यगच्छ न्त पुत्रमुत्सूज्य भूतले

English

Then the sage Kashyapa rose and said to him, "Oh, how clever you are, how wise!" astonished.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मृतमित्येव गच्छन्तो निराशास्तस्य दर्शने

English

The brahmana looked at him with an eye lengthened by knowledge, and saw him as Indra, the god, lord of the gods, husband of Shachi.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उसके दर्शनसे निराश हो वहाँसे जानेके लिये तैयार हो गये

English

Then Kashyapa honoured the one with bay horses, and, permitted by him, entered his own hermitage.

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्मशाने सुतमुत्सूज्य कस्माद् गच्छत निर्घणा:

English

persons possessed of wealth would have to encounter death, confinement, and persecution, and the very idea of property would disappear. If the king did not protect, everything would be exterminated prematurely, and every part of the country would be overrun by robbers, and everybody would fall into terrible hell. If the king did not protect, all restrictions about marriage and intercourse (due to consanguinity and other kinds of relationship) would cease; all affairs relating to agricultures and trade would fall into confusion, morality would sink and be lost; and the three Vedas would disappear. Sacrifices, duly completed with presents according to the ordinance, would no longer be performed; no marriage would take place; society itself would cease to exist, if the king did not exercise the duty of protection. The very bulls would not cover cows and milk-jars would not be churned, and men living by rearing kine would meet with destruction, if the king did not exercise the duty of protection. In the absence of royal protection, all things, inspired with fear and anxiety and becoming senseless and uttering cries of woe, would meet with destruction in no time. No sacrifices extending for a year and completed with presents according to the ordinances would occur if the king did not exercise the duty of protection. In the absence of royal protection Brahmanas would never study the four Vedas or undergo austerities or be cleansed by knowledge and rigid vows. In the absence of royal protection, the slayer of a person guilty of the slaughter of a Brahmana would not obtain any reward; on the other hand the person guilty of Brahmanicide would enjoy perfect immunity. In the absence of royal protection, men would snatch other people's wealth from their very hands, and all wholesome barriers would be swept away, and everybody, inspired with fear, would seek safety in flight. In the absence of royal protection, all kinds of injustice would set in; an intermixture of castes would take place; and famine would ravage

हिन्दी अर्थ

यथा नवोद्वाहकृतं स्नानमाल्यविभूषितम्

English

[Bhishma said:] "The mind, joined with its own harm, enters sin; having done a stained deed, he is set in great affliction.

हिन्दी अर्थ

बालकके शरीरकी देख-रेखके लिये पुनः लौट आये

English

From famine to famine, from affliction to affliction, from fear to fear; from the dead to the dead go the poor, the doers of sin.

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्षुद्रंणोक्ता हीनसत्त्वा मानुषा: कि निवर्तथ

English

From festival to festival they go, from heaven to heaven, from happiness to happiness: the faithful, the self-controlled, the rich, the doers of good.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कस्माच्छोचथ तिष्ठन्तमात्मानं कि न शोचथ

English

In the strongholds of beasts and elephants and the dangers of serpents and thieves, the unbelievers go with a hand-offering; what is higher than this?

हिन्दी अर्थ

अपने लिये क्‍यों नहीं शोक करते?

English

Dear to gods and guests, generous, dear to the good, they have taken the path of safety of the self-possessed, with open hand.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तपसा लभ्यते सर्व विलाप: कि करिष्यति

English

Like husks among grains, like putrid insects among birds, such are those among men for whom dharma is no cause.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सब कुछ मिल सकता है। तुम्हारा यह विलाप क्‍या करेगा?

English

Even one running very swiftly is followed by ordinance; one lies down with the one who lies down, according to what each has done.

हिन्दी अर्थ

येन गच्छति बालोयं दत्त्वा शोकमनन्तकम्

English

It attends the one who stands, follows the one who goes, acts with the one who acts, like a shadow it follows.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यस्य भाषितमात्रेण प्रसादमधिगच्छत

English

In consequence again of royal protection, men can everywhere sleep fearlessly and at their case without shutting their houses and doors with bolts and bars. Nobody would hear the evil speeches of others, far less actual assaults, if the king did not righteously protect the earth. I If the king exercises the duty of protection, women decked with ornament may fearlessly wander everywhere without male relatives to attend upon them. Men become righteous and without injuring serve one another because the king exercises the duty of protection. In consequence of royal protection the members of the three orders are enabled to perform high sacrifices and devote themselves to the acquisition of learning with attention, The world depends upon agriculture and trade and is protected by the Vedas. All these again are duly protected by the king exercising his principal duty. Since the king, taking a heavy load upon himself, protects his subjects with the aid of a mighty force, it is for this that the people are able to live in happiness. Who is there that will not worship him in whose existence the people exist and in whose destruction the people are destroyed? That person who does what is agreeable and beneficial to the king and who bears (a share of) the burden of kingly duties that strike every caste with fear, conquers both this and the other world. 2 That man who even thinks of doing an injury to the king, without doubt meets with grief here and goes to hell hereafter. No one should disregard the king by taking him for a man, for he is really a high divinity in human form. The king assumes five different forms according to five different occasions. He becomes Agni, Aditya, Mrityu, Vaisravana, and Yama. When the king, deceived by falsehood, burns with his fierce energy the sinful offenders before him, he is then said to assume the form of Agni. When he observes through his spies the acts of all persons and

हिन्दी अर्थ

परलोकगतिस्थानां मुनियज्ञक्रिया इव

English

Time drags this host of beings on every side, cast about by the fruit of their own deeds and guarded by ordinance.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न गुणो दृश्यते कश्चित् प्रजा: संधारयन्ति च

English

As flowers and fruits, unprompted, do not pass their own time, so the deed done before does not.

हिन्दी अर्थ

रक्षा करते रहते हैं

English

Honour and dishonour, gain and loss, decay and rise, having proceeded, turn back again and again at the end of ordinance.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न च पुष्णन्ति संवृद्धास्ते मातापितरी क्वचित्

English

Sorrow is made by oneself and pleasure is made by oneself; taking up the bed of the womb, what belongs to a former body is enjoyed.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इमं कुलकरं पुत्र त्यक्त्वा क्व नु गमिष्यथ

English

Child, youth and old man, whatever good or bad he does, in that very state he enjoys it, birth after birth.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यह तुम्हारा वंशधर बालक है। इसे छोड़कर तुम कहाँ जाओगे

English

As among thousands of cows the calf finds its mother, so a deed done before follows the doer.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एवंविधानि हीष्टानि दुस्त्यजानि विशेषत:

English

A garment soiled in front is cleansed behind by action; for those heated by fasting, long and endless happiness.

हिन्दी अर्थ

बान्धवा यत्र तिष्ठन्ति तत्रान्यो नाधितिषछतति

English

By long austerity practised in the penance forest, the desires of those whose sins are shaken off by dharma are accomplished.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तिर्यग्योनिष्वपि सतां स्नेह पश्यत यादृशम्

English

As the path of birds in the sky or of fish in water is not seen, so is the course of those who know.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न्यवर्तन्त तदा सर्वे शवार्थ ते सम मानुषा:

English

Enough of other reproaches and recited transgressions; what is pleasing and suitable and beneficial to oneself should be done."