Shanti Parva

हिन्दी अर्थ

मुचुकुन्दान्मरुत्तश्न मरुत्तादपि रैवत:

English

"Bhishma said, 'It is said that the preservation and growth of the kingdom rest upon the king. The preservation and growth of the king rest upon the king's priest. That kingdom enjoys true felicity where the invisible fears of the subjects are dispelled by the Brahmana and all visible fears are dispelled by the king with the might of his arms. In this connection is cited the old narrative of the discourse between king Muchukunda and Vaisravana. King Muchukunda, having subjugated the whole earth, repaired to the lord of Alaka for testing his strength. King Vaisravana created (by ascetic power) a large force of Rakshasas. These ground the forces led by Muchukunda. Beholding the slaughter of his army, king Muchukunda, O chastiser of foes, began to rebuke his own learned priest (Vasishtha). Thereupon that foremost of righteous persons viz., Vasishtha, underwent very severe penances and, causing those Rakshasas to be slain, ascertained the true course upon which Muchukunda was bent. When king Vaisravana's troops were being slaughtered, he showed himself unto Muchukunda and said these words.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

समान धर्मपूर्वक इस पृथ्वीकी रक्षा की थी

English

[Yudhishthira said:] "But what did those two do, if they went there as you have told, or what was the dialogue between them?"

हिन्दी अर्थ

लघु है; ऐसा मनीषी पुरुष कहते हैं

English

[Bhishma said:] "Saying 'so be it,' and honouring Dharma, Yama, Time, Death and Heaven, who were worthy,

हिन्दी अर्थ

कृषिर्वाणिज्यगोरक्षं शिल्पानि विविधानि च

English

and the others, the best of brahmanas who had gathered there before, honouring all with his head, he spoke to the king:

हिन्दी अर्थ

काम च चरितु शक्तो दुष्प्रापमकृतात्मभि:

English

'Joined with this fruit, royal sage, go to merit; permitted by you, I shall mutter again.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कामनाओंकी प्राप्ति कर सकता है

English

And a boon was given to me before by the goddess, mighty one, that I would ever have faith in muttering, lord of the people.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

अर्थसिद्धया विनिर्वृत्तावुभावेती भविष्यत:

English

[The king said:] 'If the success is thus fruitless, and you have faith in muttering, go, brahmana; with me gain the fruit of the mutterer.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्रह्माणमिव भूतानि सततं पर्युपासते

English

[The brahmana said:] 'Great effort has been made in the presence of all here; let us two go with equal fruit to where our goal is.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

भी सदा धनवान् पुरुषकी उपासना किया करते हैं

English

[Bhishma said:] Knowing the resolve of those two, the lord of the thirty gods came with the gods and with the guardians of the world.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इक्ष्वाकुवंशजस्तस्माद्धरिणाश्व: प्रतापवान्

English

"The Lord of treasures said, 'Many kings of old, more powerful than thou art, aided by their priests, had never approached me thus? All of them were skilled in weapons and all of them were possessed of might. Regarding me as the grantor of weal and woe, they approached me for offering worship. In truth, if thou hast might of arms, it behoves thee to display it. Why dost thou act so proudly, aided by Brahmana might?' Enraged at these words, Muchukunda, without pride and fear, said unto the lord of treasures these words fraught with reason and justice, 'The self-born Brahman created the Brahmana and the Kshatriya. They have a common origin. If they apply their forces separately, they would never be able to uphold the world. The power of penances and mantras was bestowed upon Brahmanas; the might of arms and of weapons was bestowed upon Kshatriyas. Aggrandised by both kinds of might, kings should protect their subjects. I am acting in that way. Why dost thou, O lord of Alaka, rebuke me then?' Thus addressed, Vaisravana said unto Muchukunda and his priest, 'I never, without being ordered by the (self-created) bestow sovereignty upon any one. Nor do I ever, without being ordered, take it away from any one. Know this, O king! Do thou rule then the whole earth without bounds.' Thus addressed, king Muchukunda replied, saying, 'I do not, O king, desire to enjoy sovereignty obtained as gift from thee! I desire to enjoy sovereignty obtained by the might of my own arms.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रतर्दनादष्टकश्न पृषदश्चो 5ष्टकादपि

English

"Bhishma continued, 'At these words of Muchukunda, Vaisravana, seeing the king fearless in the observance of Kshatriya duties, became filled with surprise. King Muchukunda, devoted to Kshatriya duties, continued to rule the entire earth obtained by the might of his own arms. That virtuous king who rules his kingdom, aided by and yielding precedence to the Brahmana, succeeds in subjugating the whole earth and achieving great fame. The Brahmana

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततस्त्वं भ्रातृभि: सार्थ परमासिमवाप्तवान्

English

The gandharva Chitrasena with his retinue, the nagas, perfected ones and sages, the god of gods Prajapati, and Vishnu of a thousand heads, the inconceivable god, came.

हिन्दी अर्थ

रोहिणी गोत्रमस्याथ रुद्रश्न गुरुरुत्तम:

English

Drums and trumpets sounded in the sky, lord, and divine showers of flowers fell there on those great souls; groups of apsarases danced there on every side.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पाण्डवेय सदा यानि कीर्तयन् लभते जयम्

English

Then Heaven in his form said to the brahmana, 'You are perfected, great one, and you, king, are perfected.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

करनेवाला पुरुष युद्धमें विजय प्राप्त करता है

English

Then the two together, king, by rule and with each other, both performed the withdrawal from objects.

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्रीगर्भो विजयश्चैव धर्मपालस्तथैव च

English

Prana, apana, udana, samana and vyana: so placing them in the mind, they set the mind on the life-breaths.

हिन्दी अर्थ

८. धर्मपाल-ये ही वे आठ नाम हैं

English

Fixing at the tip of the nose, below the brows, at the saffron-place, they slowly held it with the mind.

हिन्दी अर्थ

महेश्वरप्रणीतश्न पुराणे निश्चयं गत:

English

With motionless bodies, steady in gaze, collected, having mastered their posture, they placed the self in the head.

हिन्दी अर्थ

धर्मेण च यथापूर्व वैन्येन परिरक्षिता

English

Splitting through the palate of the great-souled brahmana, a great blaze of light went up then to heaven.

हिन्दी अर्थ

असेश्व पूजा कर्तव्या सदा युद्धविशारहै:

English

Then a great cry of "Alas!" arose in all quarters; that light, praised, entered Brahma then.

हिन्दी अर्थ

असेरुत्पत्तिसंसगों यथावद् भरतर्षभ

English

Then the Grandfather, going forth to meet that light as a person a span in size, said "Welcome," lord of the people.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पप्रच्छावसथं गत्वा भ्रातृन् विदुरपठचमान्

English

And he spoke again sweet words: "The fruit of yogas is equal to that of the mutterers; there is no doubt.

हिन्दी अर्थ

संहृष्टा नै्ठिकं वाक्यं यथावद् वक्तुमर्हथ

English

Of these, the fruit of yoga is seen directly; but for mutterers the rising to meet is special and greater.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जगाद विदुरो वाक्य धर्मशास्त्रमनुस्मरन्

English

Dwell in me, if you are joined." Thinking so, the brahmana, free of fever, then entered his mouth.

हिन्दी अर्थ

करके सबसे पहले कहना आरम्भ किया

English

The king too, by this method, entered the blessed Grandfather, just as the tiger among the twice-born had.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भावशुद्धिर्दया सत्यं संयमश्चात्मसम्पद:

English

Then the gods, saluting the Self-born, said: "This effort is for the sake of mutterers; for that we have come.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यज्ञकर्म, क्षमा, भावशुद्धि, दया, सत्य और संयम--ये सब आत्माकी सम्पत्ति हैं

English

These two, honoured, are of equal fruit with you; the great fruit of yoga and of muttering is seen today; passing all worlds, these two may go where they wish."

हिन्दी अर्थ

एतन्मूलौ हि धर्माथवितदेकपदं हि मे

English

[Brahma said:] "He who reads the Mahasmriti and likewise the auspicious Anusmriti, these two also by this method may go to my world.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कामो यवीयानिति च प्रवदन्ति मनीषिण:

English

And whoever is devoted to yoga, he too, without doubt, by this method, at the end of his body, will gain my worlds. Go; I shall accomplish each place for success."

हिन्दी अर्थ

तथा च सर्वभूतेषु वर्तितव्यं यथात्मनि

English

[Bhishma said:] Having spoken so, the god then vanished there; the gods, taking leave of him, went each to his dwelling.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्राणियोंके साथ वैसा ही बर्ताव करना चाहिए, जैसा हम अपने लिये चाहते हैं

English

And all those great souls, having honoured Dharma there, followed behind, king, all with well-pleased minds.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पार्थो धर्मार्थतत्त्वज्ञो जगौ वाक्‍्यं प्रचोदित:

English

This is the fruit of the mutterers, and their goal has been told as heard; what more do you wish to hear, great king?"

हिन्दी अर्थ

मुण्डा निस्तन्तवश्वापि वसन्त्यर्थार्थिन: पृथक्

English

should every day perform his religious rites and the Kshatriya should always be armed with weapons. Between them they are the rightful owners of everything in the universe.'"

हिन्दी अर्थ

नाकाम: कामयानोस्ति तस्मात् कामो विशिष्यते

English

[Bhishma said:] "Here too they cite this ancient tale, the dialogue of Manu, lord of creatures, and the great sage Brihaspati.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एतत् सारं महाराज धर्मार्थावत्र संस्थितौ

English

Brihaspati, great sage, chief of the hosts of gods and sages, as a disciple bowing to his teacher, asked this old question of Prajapati, the best on earth:

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्रेय: पुष्पफलं काष्ठात् कामो धर्मार्थियोर्वर:

English

"For what reason has the rule of mantras come about, and what do the brahmins call the fruit in knowledge? That which is not revealed by the words of mantras: tell me that, blessed one, as it is.

हिन्दी अर्थ

धर्म और अर्थ दोनोंसे श्रेष्ठ काम है

English

What is it that the knowers of the scriptures of wealth and of mantras seek with many sacrifices and gifts of choice cows, as great fruit? What is it, how and where will it be?

हिन्दी अर्थ

गया है। काम धर्म और अर्थका कारण है, अतः वह धर्म और अर्थरूप है

English

The earth, the plants, the wind, the sky, the water-dwellers and the water, heaven and the dwellers in heaven: from what are they born? Tell me that ancient matter, blessed one.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्मात् काम: प्राक् त्रिवर्गस्य दृष्ट:

English

From what a man seeks knowledge, for that the activity is aimed; and I do not know the ancient supreme; how then should I make false activity?

हिन्दी अर्थ

कामो हि राजन् परमो भवेन्न:

English

Having studied the Rig, Sama and Yajus collections, the metres, the course of the stars, etymology, grammar, ritual and phonetics, I do not know the nature of beings.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ममेति वाक्‍्यं परमानृशंसम्

English

Let you tell me all this: the fruit in knowledge or in action, how the embodied one leaves the body, and how he enters a body again."

हिन्दी अर्थ

विद्वांसश्वैव शान्ताश्न मुक्ता: सर्वपरिग्रहै:

English

[Manu said:] "Whatever is dear to someone they call happiness; that same, unwished for, they call sorrow. 'Let the wished be mine and the other not': for this the rule of action arose. 'Let neither the wished nor the unwished touch me': for this the rule of knowledge arose.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कुलप्रत्यागमाश्चैके स्वं स्वं धर्ममनुछिता:

English

The works in the Veda are of desire; freed from these, one would reach the supreme. A man on the manifold path of action, seeking happiness, does not reach the supreme; for that supreme is apart from the path of action, without hope, and is surely Brahman.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अप्रज्ञानं तमोभूतं प्रज्ञानं तु प्रकाशिता

English

Beings were created by mind and by action; both these are good paths, honoured by the world. Seeing that action is eternal and also has an end, giving up the mind is the cause and nothing else.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अनयोस्तु निबोध त्वं वचनं वाक्यकण्ठयो:

English

Like an eye leading by its own self, with the self covered in darkness at night's end, knowledge joined with the quality of discernment sees the inauspicious deed, to be avoided.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नकुल और सहदेवने अपनी उत्तम बात इस प्रकार उपस्थित की

English

Men avoid snakes, sharp points of grass and a well, knowing them; the foolish fall into them through ignorance; see how in knowledge the fruit is special.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इह कामानवाप्रोति प्रत्यक्ष नात्र संशय:

English

The whole mantra properly used, sacrifices as prescribed with fees, gift of food, and concentration of mind: they say the fruit of action is fivefold.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तद्धि त्वामृतसंवादं तस्मादेतो मताविह

English

The Vedas say action is of the nature of the qualities; therefore the mantras, for action has mantras as its root; the rule is to be done, accomplished by the mind, the embodied one being the enjoyer of the fruit.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अमृतके समान होगा, यह हम दोनोंका मत है

English

Sounds, forms, tastes that are good, touches and scents that are auspicious: a man reaching the state of embodiment could be lord of these; this is the fruit that is accomplished by action in the world.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विश्वस्तेषु हि भूतेषु कल्पते सर्वमेव हि

English

Whatever action one does by the body, joined to the body he gains the fruit of that; the body is the seat of happiness, and the body is also the seat of sorrow.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततः काम चरेत् पश्चात् सिद्धार्थ: स हि तत्परम्

English

What action one does by speech, by speech alone he gains all of that; and what action one does by the mind, abiding in the mind he gains that.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पलाशफलमूलादा वायुभक्षा: सुसंयता:

English

As the seeker of fruit does a host of acts by their quality, intent on the fruit of action, so, joined with the qualities, he enjoys the good and bad fruit of action.

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्राद्धयज्ञक्रियायां च तथा दानप्रतिग्रहे

English

As a fish going against the current, so a deed done before comes to the doer; let the embodied one be pleased with good, but he is not pleased with evil deeds.

हिन्दी अर्थ

देवकर्मकृतश्लैव युक्ता: कामेन कर्मसु

English

That from which all this world was born, which self-possessed ones know and cross beyond, and which is not revealed by the words of mantras: hear from me, as it is told, that supreme.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कामो हि विविधाकार: सर्व कामेन संततम्

English

Free of tastes and of various scents, soundless, touchless, formless, ungraspable, unmanifest, colourless, one, it created the fivefold kind of beings.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सारा कार्य ही कामनासे व्याप्त है

English

Neither woman, man nor neuter, neither being nor non-being, nor being and non-being, which the knowers of Brahman among men do not see: know that to be the imperishable, which does not decay."

हिन्दी अर्थ

सारभूत है; अतः श्रेष्ठ पुरुष भी इसे स्वीकार कर सकते हैं

English

"Yudhishthira said, 'Tell me, O grandsire, that conduct by which a king succeeds in aggrandising his subjects and earning regions of felicity in the other world.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

राजाओंने युधिष्ठिरकी भूरि-भूरि प्रशंसा की

English

[Brihaspati said:] "These, going to water with their bodies, and from water to fire, wind and sky, return from space those who are not to be; those who are to be reach the supreme.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तिष्ठन्ति यत्र सुहृदस्तिष्ठन्तीति मतिर्मम

English

Not hot, not cold, not soft, nor sharp, not sour, astringent, sweet or bitter; not with sound nor with scent, nor with form: that is the supreme nature.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दे सकता है और न सम्बन्धी तथा बन्धु-बान्धव ही ठहर सकते हैं

English

The body knows touch, the tongue taste, the nose smells, the ear sounds, the eye forms; but they do not grasp the supreme, those men who do not know the self.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एतद् धर्मभृतां श्रेष्ठ सर्व व्याख्यातुमहसि

English

Having turned the tongue from tastes, the nose from smells, the ear from sound, the body from touch and the eye from the quality of form, then he sees the supreme, his own nature.

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्षुद्र पापसमाचार: सर्वशड्की तथालस:

English

That by which one takes up and does, that in which one begins activity, that in which and by which and whoever is the doer: they call it the cause, the means.

हिन्दी अर्थ

व्यसने यः परित्यागी दुरात्मा निरपत्रप:

English

That which is lord, accomplishing and pervading, which is praised in the world as having mantras, which is the cause of all and accomplishes the supreme aim: that is the cause; other than that is effect.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सम्प्रकीर्णेन्द्रियो लोके यः काम॑ निरतश्चरेत्

English

As a man gains good and bad by his own good deeds without obstruction, so in good and bad bodies this knowledge is bound by deeds born of oneself.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मित्रैरपकृतिर्नित्यमिच्छतेर्थ परस्य य:

English

As a lamp lit in front gives light to another as it burns, so here the five-sensed lamp-trees, lit by knowledge, stand out.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रोक्त्वाथ वीरान् विरराम भीम:

English

"Bhishma said, 'The king should be liberal and should perform sacrifices, O Bharata! He should be observant of vows and penances, and should be devoted to the duty of protecting his subjects. Righteously protecting all his subjects, he should honour all righteous persons by standing up when they come and by making gifts unto them. If the king regards it, righteousness becomes regarded everywhere. Whatever acts and things are liked by the king are liked by his subjects. Unto his foes the king should always be like Death, with the rod of chastisement uplifted in his hands. He should exterminate robbers everywhere in his kingdom and never pardon any one from caprice. The king, O Bharata, earns a fourth part of the merit that his subjects earn under his protection. By only protecting his subjects the king acquires a fourth part of the merit that his subjects acquire by study, by gifts, by pouring libations, and by worshipping the gods. The king acquires a fourth part also of the sin that his subjects commit in consequence of any distress in the kingdom arising from the king's neglect in discharging the duty of protection. Some say that the king earns a moiety, and some say the full measure, of whatever sin is caused by his becoming cruel and untruthful in speech. Listen now to the means by which the king may be cleansed of such sins. If the king fails to restore to a subject the wealth that has been stolen away by thieves, he should then compensate the injured from his own treasury, or, in case of inability, with wealth obtained from his dependents. All the orders should protect the wealth of a Brahmana even as they should the Brahmana's boy or life. The person that offends against Brahmanas should be exiled from the kingdom. Everything is protected by protecting the Brahmana's wealth. Through the grace of the Brahmana, which may thus be secured, the king becomes crowned with success. Men seek the protection of a competent king like creatures seeking relief from the clouds or birds seeking refuge in a large tree. A cruel and covetous king, with lustful soul and ever seeking the gratification of his desire never succeeds in protecting his subjects.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

लब्धश्रुतां धर्मभूृतां वरिष्ठ:

English

"Yudhishthira, said, 'I do not, for a moment, desire the happiness that sovereignty bestows or sovereignty itself for its own sake. I desire it, however, for the sake of the merit one may acquire from it. It seems to me that no

हिन्दी अर्थ

वाक्‍्यं निबोधध्वमनन्यभावा:

English

merit is attached to it. No need for sovereignty then by which no merit can be acquired. I shall, therefore, retire into the woods from desire of earning merit. Laying aside the rod of chastisement, and subduing my senses, I shall go to the woods which are sacred and seek to acquire the merit of righteousness by becoming an ascetic subsisting upon fruit and roots.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

मेरी उस बातको भी अनन्यचित्त होकर अवश्य सुनिये

English

As, churning those same logs, one sees smoke and flame by combination, so the wise man, by the sameness of the senses, sees the supreme, his own nature.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विमुच्यते दुःखसुखार्थसिद्धे:

English

As one sees in a dream one's own limb fallen on the earth, as another's, so the one joined to hearing and the rest, with good mind and good understanding, goes from one subtle body to another.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मोक्ष प्रशंसन्ति न तं च विद्य:

English

He is not joined to birth, growth, decay and meeting, this supreme embodied one; by this subtle body he goes unseen to another subtle body by the joining of rebirth.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्मान्न कुर्यात् प्रियमप्रियं च

English

He does not see his own form with the eye, nor does he touch anything with the sense of touch, nor does he accomplish his task by them; they do not see him, he sees them.

हिन्दी अर्थ

चाहिए कि वह किसीका प्रिय अथवा अप्रिय न करे

English

As in a burning lamp's fire a form born of heat is found, yet it does not bear an inner quality of form, so his form is seen.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कुरुप्रवीराय च चक्रिरेडज्जलिम्

English

As a man leaves the body and enters another unseen, abandoning the body in the great elements, and bears a form dependent on them,

हिन्दी अर्थ

गिरं नरेन्द्रा: प्रशशंसुरेव ते

English

the embodied one enters space, wind, fire, water and earth on every side; hearing and the other four, relying on different supports, serve the qualities in action.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततः परं धर्ममहीनचेतसम्

English

Hearing is from space, smell from earth, form is of fire, digestion too; sweat is said to rest on water, taste also, and the quality that makes touch belongs to wind.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रश्न॑ कज्चित् प्रवक्ष्यामि तन्मे व्याख्यातुमरहसि

English

In the great elements dwell the five, and the five objects of sense in the senses; all of these follow the mind; the mind follows intellect; mind has its own nature.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रश्न आपके सामने उपस्थित कर रहा हूँ। मेरे उन प्रश्नोंका विवेचन कीजिये

English

Whatever good or bad deed is done by him, he takes up in his own body; high and low follow the mind, as water-dwellers follow the current.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आयत्यां च तदात्वे च के क्षमास्तान् वदस्व मे

English

It moves as it comes into the path of sight; subtle, it descends as a great form; it observes its own form, and then comes to the path of the higher intellect."